Diffuse optical tomography with spectral constraints and wavelength optimization

We present an algorithm that explicitly utilizes the wavelength dependence of tissue optical properties for diffuse optical tomography. We have previously shown that the method gives superior separation of absorption and scattering. Here the technique is described and tested in detail, and optimum wavelength sets for a broad range of chromophore combinations are discovered and analyzed.     

High temperature characteristics of strained InGaAs/lnGaAsP quantumwell lasers lattice matched to GaAs

The effect of high temperature on the threshold current density and the gain of In_xGa_1-xAs/InGaAsP (E_g=1.6 eV) QW lasers lattice matched to GaAs is investigated theoretically. These results are also compared with those of In_x Ga_1-xAs/GaAs QW lasers. It is found that better performance can be achieved in InGaAs/InGaAsP lasers compared to InGaAs/GaAs lasers at high temperature. This is due to the fact that the temperature dependence of the threshold carrier density for InGaAs/InGaAsP lasers is weaker than that for InGaAs/GaAs lasers. The calculated characteristic temperature is in good agreement with reported experimental results     

High space harmonic perturbations in travelling wave tubes

Stability properties of the free streaming mode in an electron beam propagating through a cylindrical waveguide loaded with a tape helix are investigated, including influence of high space harmonic perturbations. Closed algebraic dispersion relation of the free streaming mode are obtained. Properties of the high space harmonic perturbations are numerically investigated in connection with application on a high frequency microwave amplifier. One of the most important features in this analysis is that instability of high harmonic perturbations occurs at a very large value of microwave frequency. In this regard, millimeter microwave can be easily attainable by reducing the helix radius to a subcentimeter.     

Short-term synergistic effect of fruit extracts with red-ginseng on forced swimming endurance capacity in ICR mice

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of the oral administration of fruit extracts (lemon and Japanese apricot) combined with red-ginseng on the endurance and availability of metabolic substrates in ICR mice. Administration of the fruit extracts and red-ginseng (RG) (1:1) significantly increased swimming capacity, by 40%, with increased expenditures of non-esterified fatty acids and triglycerides in the plasma of the mice after 1 week of feeding. There was no significant increase in swimming capacity with the fruit extract alone. These results suggest that the fruit extract could synergistically elevate the effects of red-ginseng on swimming capacity in the mice by increasing fat utilization and reducing the consumption of stored glucose.     

Enhanced performance of organic electroluminescence diodes with a 2-TNATA:C60 hole injection layer

C60-doped 2-TNATA (4,4′,4″-tris(2-naphthylphenylamino)triphenylamine) as a hole injection material and NPD (4,4′bis[N-(1-naphthyl)-N-phenyl-amino]biphenyl) as a hole transport material are used to fabricate OLEDs via vacuum deposition process in this study. C60-doped 2-TNATA film was treated by means of thermal annealing and in situ electromagnetic field. According to AFM, SEM, XRD, and Raman spectra results, by both thermal annealing and in situ electromagnetic field treatments, the smoothened surface and the closely packed morphology of 2-TNATA:C60 film was obtained without any evidences of crystalline nature after those treatments. The treatments eventually lead to enhancing the current density and efficiency of the multi-layered ITO/2-TNATA:C60 (5% doped) (70 nm)/NPD (30 nm)/Alq₃ (50 nm)/LiF (1 nm)/Al (100 nm) devices by facilitating hole injection/transport in the multi-layered organic devices. Consequently, thermal annealing treatment for the 2-TNATA:C60 film is preferred rather than in situ electromagnetic field treatment so as to improve the overall performance of the organic light-emitting diodes in this study.     

Antagonistic and antioxidant effect of probiotic Weissella cibaria JW15

Food Science and Biotechnology - The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional properties of Weissella cibaria JW15 (JW15) by investigating its antagonistic and antioxidant activities....     

Stability of tocopherols and lutein in oil extracted from roasted or unroasted mustard seeds during the oil oxidation in the dark

This study compared stabilities of tocopherols and lutein in oil extracted from roasted mustard seeds (RMSO) with those in oil from unroasted seeds (URMSO) during oil oxidation at 60°C in the dark for 12 days. Tocopherols and lutein were determined by high performance liquid chromatography, and the oil oxidation was monitored with conjugated dienoic acid (CDA) content and fatty acid composition by gas chromatography. The rate of CDA increase was lower in RMSO (0.038%/day) than in URMSO (0.047%/day) during 12-day oxidation in the dark, with little change in fatty acid composition in both oils. Tocopherols and lutein were more abundant in RMSO, initially 465.38 and 100.55 μg/g, respectively, than in URMSO, and their stability was higher in RMSO (−4.63 and −5.94%/day of degradation in tocopherols and lutein, respectively) than in URMSO during 12-day oxidation of oil, both of which contributed to higher autoxidative stability of RMSO than URMSO.     

Blockchain Network Based Topic Mining Process for Cognitive Manufacturing

Wireless Personal Communications - Cognitive manufacturing has brought about an innovative change to the 4th industrial revolution based technology in combination with blockchain distributed...     

Characterization of Acetylxylan Esterase from White-Rot Fungus Irpex lacteus

The carbohydrate esterase family 1 (CE1) in CAZy contains acetylxylan esterases (AXEs) and feruloyl esterases (FAEs). Here we cloned a gene coding for an AXE belonging to CE1 from Irpex lacteus (IlAXE1). IlAXE1 was heterologously expressed in Pichia pastoris, and the recombinant enzyme was purified and characterized. IlAXE1 hydrolyzed p-nitrophenyl acetate, α-naphthyl acetate and 4-methylumbelliferyl acetate, however, it did not show any activity on ethyl ferulate and methyl p-coumarate. We also examined the activity on partially acetylated and feruloylated xylan extracted from corncob by hydrothermal reaction. Similarly, ferulic and p-coumaric acids were not liberated, and acetic acid was only detected in the reaction mixture. The results indicated that IlAXE1 is an acetylxylan esterase actually reacted to acetyl xylan. However, since IlAXE1 was unable to completely release acetic acid esterifying xylopyranosyl residues, it is assumed that acetyl groups exhibiting resistance to deacetylation by IlAXE1 are present in corn cob xylan.