Nucleic Acid Binding and Invitro Cytotoxicity Studies of Polymer Grafted Intercalating Copper(II) Complex

The present study on interaction of a polymer-copper(II) complex, [Cu(dpqC)₂(BPEI)](ClO₄)₂·H₂O (dpqC = dipyrido[3,2-a:2′,3′-c](6,7,8,9-tetrahydro) phenazine) with CT-DNA/yeast tRNA were performed by using various spectroscopic methods. The data from these experiments suggest that the polymer-copper(II) complex binds to CT-DNA/yeast tRNA through intercalation. Furthermore, our polymer copper(II) complex showed strong binding ability with yeast tRNA than CT-DNA. It indicates that structural differences of the nucleic acids play a significant role in the binding affinity. The antiproliferative and cell death properties of this complex have been tested against MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line by various specific staining methods. These obtained results indicate that our complex is more cytotoxic to MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell line.     

The effect of humidity, fabric surface geometry and dye type on the colour of cotton fabrics dyed with a select range of anionic dyes

Four C.I. Solubilised Sulphur dyes were applied to cultivated silk fabric using sodium thioglycolate at pH 7, for 30 min at 60 °C in the absence of electrolyte. Medium/deep shades were obtained that displayed good/excellent fastness to washing at 40 °C and little or no sensitivity to oxygen bleach fading. The dry rub fastness of the dyeings ranged from moderate to good whilst the wet rub fastness varied from poor to moderate; light fastness of the 10% omf dyeings varied from low to moderate. The mild application conditions used had little effect on the tensile strength of the fabric.     

Optimization of spinning parameters influencing the characteristics of structurally modified viscose yarn

Yarn structure influences the configuration of the constituent fibers in the yarn and the comfort properties of the fabrics to a great extent. The fiber arrangement in the yarn has a major influence on the comfort-related properties such as thermal conductivity, air permeability, wickability, and moisture vapor permeability. This study dealt with the influence of process and material variables namely, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) proportion, twist multiplier (TM), and spindle speed on microporous viscose yarn properties. Three-variable three-factor Box and Behnken method was used to investigate the individual and interaction effects of selected variables on yarn properties. The selected variables have a significant influence on all the yarn properties. The increase in PVA%, spindle speed, and TM reduces the specific volume and wickability of yarns and increases the tenacity and packing factor of yarns before dissolving the PVA fibers. With increase in spindle speed and TM, same trend was noticed after dissolving the PVA also. But the trend reverses with increase in PVA percentage after dissolution of PVA fiber. The increase in PVA percentage increases the specific volume and wickability of yarns and decreases the tenacity and packing factor of yarns after dissolution of PVA fiber. The optimized process parameters were obtained, and yarn was spun with the optimized parameters to validate the model.     

Effect of initial preform geometry and friction on the cold deformation behaviour of sintered titanium carbide composite steel

Cold upsetting experiments were carried on sintered titanium carbide composite steel preforms in order to assess their deformation characteristics. The effect of aspect ratio and frictional constraints on deformation behaviour have been investigated thoroughly. Cylindrical compacts with different aspect ratios were prepared, sintered and upset forged at room temperature. The above cold deformation work was carried out using 1.0 MN capacity Universal Testing Machine. Cold deformation experiments were carried out in several steps. Dimensions such as height, contact, and bulged diameters and densities were measured for each test. In general, each compact was subjected to an incremental compressive loading in steps of 0.005 MN until fine cracks appeared on its free surface. Effect of various upsetting parameters, namely, axial strain, axial stress, Poisson’s ratio on the densification has been studied.     

An analysis of the general benefits of a centralised VMI system based on the EOQ model

Within a vendor-managed inventory (VMI) agreement, the upstream supply chain member (the vendor) takes responsibility for managing the inventory of the downstream member (the customer) within specific levels previously agreed upon without the need of orders from the customer side to be placed. Therefore, the vendor can focus on optimising production efficiency and capacity planning, while the customer has to improve forecast accuracy. This paper analyses the benefits a VMI agreement could bring for a one-supplier, multiple-customer case through analysing two cases: a supply chain managed in a traditional manner and VMI when both the vendor and the customers belong to the same organisation. The analysis is based on the economic ordering quantity (EOQ) formula and its related total cost, and the novelty is captured by evaluating one vendor, multiple buyers, and multiple product situations. The modelling is done so as to capture the needs and factors which occur within the pharmaceutical industry and a numerical application will be executed with data from one of the main leaders within the pharmaceutical field.     

Effect of particulate fillers on thermal expansions and other critical performances of polycarbonate‐based compositions

Influence of different inorganic particulate mineral fillers on polycarbonate composites was explored. Among all the fillers assessed here only boron nitride and mica could appreciably reduce the thermal expansion of polycarbonate, particularly along the direction of flow. While measured in the normal to flow (cross‐flow) direction, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) values decreased marginally in presence of boron nitride and mica as compared to the unfilled specimen. The anisotropicity in CTE is presumable due to preferential orientation of boron nitride and mica along the direction of flow in the injection molded samples. The effectiveness of fillers in reducing CTE of the polycarbonate composites was correlated to the dispersion of fillers in the polymer matrix. Better dispersion of boron nitride and mica, as observed through SEM, ensured their improved interaction with the matrix and thereby reducing the CTE. It was observed that in presence of particulate fillers the impact performance of the composites decreased appreciably with an increase in tensile modulus, in general. The flow behavior of the composites was by large dependent on the types of fillers used. In presence of some of the fillers such as BaSO₄, ZnO, ZnS, TiO₂, and alumina, flow of the composites increases significantly, primarily associated to appreciable reduction in molecular weights of the polycarbonate. On the other hand, with boron nitride flow remained almost unchanged upon its addition of 5 vol %. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Thermal performance of diesel engine exhaust heat recovery system using concentric tube heat exchanger inserts with different porous materials

This paper aims to analyse and improve the thermal performance of a concentric tube heat exchanger using porous material inserts. In this method, two different types of porous materials such as cast iron and mild steel were introduced on the outer surface of the inner tube wall of a concentric tube exchanger. The porous particle improves the convective heat transfer co-efficient between the tube wall and fluid flow surface. Experimentally, it was found that the inserted porous material enhances the heat exchanger effectiveness by 76% for cast iron and 77% for mild steel. The effect of inserting porous particles on the waste heat recovered from the engine exhaust was also investigated in the present study.     

Effect of Particle Size on Tribological Behavior of Rice Husk Ash–Reinforced Aluminum Alloy (AlSi10Mg) Matrix Composites

Rice husk ash of three different particle size ranges (50–75, 75–100 and 100–150 μm) a 3, 6, 9, and 12% by weight is reinforced with an aluminum alloy (AlSi10Mg) using the liquid metallurgy method. The dry sliding wear behavior of the composites in the cast conditions is examined using the pin-on-disc tribotesting machine for three different loads (20, 30, and 40 N) with three different sliding velocities (2, 3, and 4 m/s). The results reveal that the composite reinforced with the coarse rice husk ash particles exhibits superior wear resistance compared to the fine rice husk ash particles. The wear rate of the composite decreased with an increase in the weight percentage of rice husk ash particles for all size ranges. Finally, the wear mechanism was investigated with the worn surface using a scanning electron microscope.