Real-time quality monitoring and control system using an integrated cost effective support vector machine

The quality monitoring and control (QMC) has been an essential process in the manufacturing industries. With the advancements in data analytics, machine-learning based QMC has become popular in various manufacturing industries. At the same time, the cost effectiveness (CE) of the QMC is perceived as a main decision criterion that explicitly accounts for inspection efforts and has a direct relationship with the QMC capability. In this paper, the cost-effective support vector machine (CESVM)-based automated QMC system (QMCS) is proposed. Unlike existing models, the proposed CESVM explicitly incorporates inspection-related expenses and error types in the SVM algorithm. The proposed automated QMCS is verified and validated using an automotive door-trim manufacturing process. Next, we perform a design of experiment to assess the sensitivity analysis of the proposed framework. The proposed model is found to be effective and could be viewed as an alternative or complementary tool for the traditional quality inspection system.

     

Ethanolic fermentation from red ginseng extract using <Emphasis Type="Italic">Saccharomyces cerevisiae</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Saccharomyces carlsbergensis</Emphasis>

The pH of red ginseng extracts fermented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Saccharomyces carlsbergensis decreased rapidly during 3 days of fermentation, with no further significant change thereafter. After 20 days of fermentation, a relatively small difference remained in the acidity of extracts fermented with S. cerevisiae (0.54%) and S. carlsbergensis (0.58%). Reducing sugar in the S. cerevisiae and S. carlsbergensis extracts decreased from 258.6 to 45.4 and 43.2 mg/mL glucose equivalents, respectively; and ethanol contents increased from 1.5% at day 0 to 16.0 and 15.0%, respectively, at day 20. Ginsenosides Rb₁, Rb₂, Rc, Re, Rf, and Rg₁ decreased during the fermentation with S. cerevisiae, but Rd and Rg₃ increased by day 12. Ginsenosides Rb₁, Rb₂, Rc, Re, and Rg₁ decreased gradually in the extract with S. carlsbergensis, but Rd and Rg₃ were increased at day 6 and 9, respectively.     

Environmental Enrichment Enhances Cav 2.1 Channel-Mediated Presynaptic Plasticity in Hypoxic–Ischemic Encephalopathy

Hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a devastating neonatal brain condition caused by lack of oxygen and limited blood flow. Environmental enrichment (EE) is a classic paradigm with a complex stimulation of physical, cognitive, and social components. EE can exert neuroplasticity and neuroprotective effects in immature brains. However, the exact mechanism of EE on the chronic condition of HIE remains unclear. HIE was induced by a permanent ligation of the right carotid artery, followed by an 8% O₂ hypoxic condition for 1 h. At 6 weeks of age, HIE mice were randomly assigned to either standard cages or EE cages. In the behavioral assessments, EE mice showed significantly improved motor performances in rotarod tests, ladder walking tests, and hanging wire tests, compared with HIE control mice. EE mice also significantly enhanced cognitive performances in Y-maze tests. Particularly, EE mice showed a significant increase in Ca_v 2.1 (P/Q type) and presynaptic proteins by molecular assessments, and a significant increase of Ca_v 2.1 in histological assessments of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. These results indicate that EE can upregulate the expression of the Ca_v 2.1 channel and presynaptic proteins related to the synaptic vesicle cycle and neurotransmitter release, which may be responsible for motor and cognitive improvements in HIE.     

Liver-Resident Memory CD8+ T Cells: Possible Roles in Chronic HBV Infection

Achieving a functional cure for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection or complete elimination of HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) has been challenging in the treatment of patients with chronic HBV infection. Although novel antivirals are being investigated, improving HBV-specific adaptive immune responses is also important for durable viral clearance. Tissue-resident memory CD8⁺ T (T_RM) cells were recently reported as a T-cell population that resides in peripheral tissues and does not recirculate. T_RM cells have been studied in the livers of mice and humans. Liver T_RM cells have distinct characteristics compared to T cells in peripheral blood or other tissues, which may be associated with the unique microenvironment of the liver. In this review, we describe the characteristics of liver T_RM cells and their implications in chronic HBV infection. We emphasize that liver T_RM cells can be an immunotherapeutic target for the treatment of chronic HBV infection.     

Efficient Multi-user Similarity Search Over Encrypted Data in Cloud Storage

Wireless Personal Communications - In cloud-assisted data outsourcing systems, the privacy of sensitive data is a major concern. Thus, data are uploaded in encrypted form in many cloud applications...     

No-reference quality assessment of dynamic sports videos based on a spatiotemporal motion model

This paper proposes an approach to improve the performance of no-reference video quality assessment for sports videos with dynamic motion scenes using an efficient spatiotemporal model. In the proposed method, we divide the video sequences into video blocks and apply a 3D shearlet transform that can efficiently extract primary spatiotemporal features to capture dynamic natural motion scene statistics from the incoming video blocks. The concatenation of a deep residual bidirectional gated recurrent neural network and logistic regression is used to learn the spatiotemporal correlation more robustly and predict the perceptual quality score. In addition, conditional video block-wise constraints are incorporated into the objective function to improve quality estimation performance for the entire video. The experimental results show that the proposed method extracts spatiotemporal motion information more effectively and predicts the video quality with higher accuracy than the conventional no-reference video quality assessment methods.