非均匀环境中的分布目标自适应检测

该文研究了非均匀环境中的分布目标和多点目标的检测。其中,假设辅数据协方差矩阵服从以主数据协方差矩阵为条件的逆Wishart分布,且均值与之成比例。首先给出主数据协方差矩阵、比例因子和目标幅度的最大似然估计(MLE),然后基于贝叶斯理论和广义似然比(GLRT)判决准则提出了一种检测器。当目标只存在单个距离门时,检测器和自适应相干估计器(ACE)一致;当目标跨越多个距离门时,检测器和广义自适应子空间检测器(GASD)一致。但不同在于ACE和GASD都是基于未知的确定干扰协方差矩阵的。另外,该检测器具有恒虚警率(CFAR)特性,并且有很好的检测性能。     

地球同步轨道星载SAR多普勒特性分析

该文推导了适用于任意轨道高度的星载SAR多普勒中心频率和调频率的精确公式,为中高轨SAR多普勒特性的研究提供了有效的方法。基于上述公式,分析了地球同步轨道SAR多普勒中心频率与低轨SAR的联系;研究了星载SAR多普勒调频率随轨道高度的变化和地球自转对同步轨道SAR和低轨SAR调频率的影响;探讨了同步轨道SAR多普勒中心频率和调频率的特征。通过数值仿真验证了推导公式和多普勒特性分析的正确性。     

非均匀环境中的参量多通道目标检测

该文研究了非均匀环境中的参量多通道目标检测,其中,干扰信号用向量自回归(VAR)模型表示,且模型的空域协方差矩阵服从自由度为,均值为Q的复逆Wishart分布。当Q未知时,文章根据纽曼皮尔逊(NP)准则提出了NP参量自适应匹配滤波器(NP-PAMF),贝叶斯PAMF(B-PAMF)和归一化形式B-NPAMF;当Q已知时,文章根据最大后验概率(MAP)准则提出了MAP-PAMF和归一化形式MAP-NPAMF。结果表明：NP-PAMF和B-PAMF均和有关,当时,B-PAMF趋于经典的PAMF;B-NPAMF与无关,和经典的NPAMF一致。在MAP-PAMF中,空域协方差矩阵的MAP估计由经典估计和先验知识构成,控制后者的权重。最后,文中分析了检测器的复杂度和检测性能。实验表明：贝叶斯的参量检测器具有很好的检测性能,且比归一化检测器的性能优越。     

锥形光纤微球腔谐振陀螺光学模式非互易性研究

通过Rsoft软件对锥形光纤倏逝场能量分布特性进行仿真,从理论上分析锥形光纤激发微谐振腔非互易性产生的原因。实验中,光纤熔融二氧化硅微球腔通过高精度三维调节架沿光纤方向移动,每次移动相同距离选取测试点,记录光源正反传输情况下微球腔谐振谱线,得到谐振谱线特征参量随倏逝场变化的非互易性变化规律。通过计算微球腔理论鉴频曲线获得非互易性对陀螺动态范围与灵敏度的影响,并提出抑制方法。     

Large‐Scale Synthesis of Bi‐layer Graphene in Strongly Coupled Stacking Order

Large‐scale synthesis of single‐layer graphene (SLG) by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has received a lot of attention recently. However, CVD synthesis of AB stacked bi‐layer graphene (BLG) is still challenging. Here, we report synthesis of BLG homogeneously at large scale by thermal CVD. The 2D Raman band of CVD BLG splits into four components, suggesting splitting of electronic bands due to strong interlayer coupling. The splitting of electronic bands in CVD BLG is further evidenced by the study of near infrared absorption and carrier dynamics are probed by transient absorption spectroscopy. UV photoelectron spectroscopy invesigation also indiates CVD BLG possesses different electronic structures to those of CVD SLG. The growth mechanism of BLG is found to be related to catalytic activity of the copper (Cu) surface, which is determined by the purity of Cu foils employed in the CVD process. Our work shows that strongly coupled or even AB stacked BLG can be grown on Cu foils at large scale, which is of particular importance for device applications based on their split electronic bands.     

Mechanism of Crystallization and Implications for Charge Transport in Poly(3‐ethylhexylthiophene) Thin Films

In this work, crystallization kinetics and aggregate growth of poly(3‐ethylhexylthiophene) (P3EHT) thin films are studied as a function of film thickness. X‐ray diffraction and optical absorption show that individual aggregates and crystallites grow anisotropically and mostly along only two packing directions: the alkyl stacking and the polymer chain backbone direction. Further, it is also determined that crystallization kinetics is limited by the reorganization of polymer chains and depends strongly on the film thickness and average molecular weight. Time‐dependent, field‐effect hole mobilities in thin films reveal a percolation threshold for both low and high molecular weight P3EHT. Structural analysis reveals that charge percolation requires bridged aggregates separated by a distance of ≈2–3 nm, which is on the order of the polymer persistence length. These results thus highlight the importance of tie molecules and inter‐aggregate distance in supporting charge percolation in semiconducting polymer thin films. The study as a whole also demonstrates that P3EHT is an ideal model system for polythiophenes and should prove to be useful for future investigations into crystallization kinetics.     

Photoresponsive Protein–Graphene–Protein Hybrid Capsules with Dual Targeted Heat‐Triggered Drug Delivery Approach for Enhanced Tumor Therapy

A novel photo‐responsive protein–graphene–protein (PGP) capsule that doubles as a photothermal agent with core/shell structure is constructed by anchoring reduced graphene oxide nanosheets on one‐component protein (lactoferrin) shell through a double emulsion method. PGP capsules can transport fully concealed hydrophilic anticancer cargo, doxorubicin (Dox), with a large payload (9.43 μmol g^‐1) to be later unloaded in a burst‐like manner by photo‐actuation triggered by near‐infrared irradiation. Being biocompatible yet with a high cancer cell targeting efficiency, PGP capsules have successfully eradicated subcutaneous tumors in 10 d following a single 5 min NIR irradiation without distal damage. Besides, the photochemothermal therapy of PGP capsules eradicates tumor cells not only in the light‐treating area but also widely light‐omitted tumor cells, overcoming the tumor recurrence due to efficient cell killing efficacy. These results demonstrate that the PGP capsule is a potential new drug delivery platform for local‐targeting, on‐demand, photoresponsive, combined chemotherapy/hyperthermia for tumor treatment and other biomedical applications.     

稀土元素Ce填充p型方钴矿化合物的热电性能

用高温熔融-退火扩散法合成了富Co组成的方钴矿化合物CeyFexCo4-xSb12(y=0～0.42),并对化合物的结构和热电性能进行了研究.结果表明:化合物的晶格常数随Ce填充量的增加而线性增加.霍尔系数RH为正值,CeyFexCo4-xSb12化合物表现p型传导.载流子浓度和电导率随Ce填充量的增加而减少.Seebeck系数随Ce填充量的增加及温度的上升而增加.晶格热导率在Ce填充量约为0.29时达到最小值,说明在Sb组成的二十面体空洞中部分填充时,Ce的扰动对声子的散射作用最强.在725K时,组成为Ce0.29Fe1.41Co2.59Sb12.32化合物的最大无量纲热电性能指数达到0.65.     

紧缩能量分层有限Ridgelet图像去噪新方法

有限Ridgelet变换是一种为了克服Wavelet在高维信号处理中的不足而提出的图像处理新方法。通过Radon变换将图像边缘奇异性转变为点奇异性,再利用Wavelet变换针对点奇异性进行处理。根据图像经Radon变换后能量分布紧缩集中,该文提出一种新的Ridgelet改进算法,该算法在图像Ridgelet变换过程中,按能量高低分为两种能量系数矩阵再分别进行降噪处理,并在融合重构以后,再次利用Wavelet变换提取低能量图像中的细节信息并将之融合,二次加强图像细节。使得输出信噪比及图像细节保持上得到大幅度提高。仿真试验表明在受噪声干扰严重情况下,该方法的输出信噪比及视觉效果均优于其他算法。     

液态氟橡胶改性端羟基嵌段共聚醚粘合剂及其对铝粉热氧化行为的影响

利用氟化物促进铝粉的燃烧是近年来含能材料领域的热点.选用含氟量较高的端羟基液态氟橡胶作为氟源,将其引入端羟基嵌段共聚醚(HTPE)粘合剂体系中,制备不同氟橡胶含量的改性HTPE胶片,并对改性胶片的微观形貌、力学特性、热稳定性和氧化能力进行测试分析.结果表明:随着液态氟橡胶含量的增加,胶片的力学性能先降低后增加,当氟橡胶...