考虑衰减时变压器短路电磁力的数值计算

变压器突然短路时线圈中短路电磁力的计算,已在文献[1]中进行了研究;本文在此基础上进一步考虑了时间衰减对短路电磁力的影响。结果表明,稳态短路时线圈中的电磁力仅有一个恒定分量和一个100Hz分量;一般情况下,最大短路电磁力约为稳态短路电磁力幅值的3.5—6倍,且作用在窗口内部线圈的辐向电磁力比窗口外部的略大;轴向电磁力则略小。     

Combustion and emission characteristics of a two-stroke diesel engine operating on alcohol

Though, as a renewable energy resource, alcohol fuel has many advantages in China, it is difficult for diesel engines to operate on alcohol due to its low cetane number and high latent heat of vaporization. This paper proposes an approach to its ignition problem by combining internal exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) with injection of small diesel fuel. Based on this approach, a two-stroke single-cylinder diesel engine was developed. Preliminary studies demonstrated that the engine can run on alcohol with almost zero level of smoke and low exhaust gas temperature, and that the engine operating on alcohol has lower nitrogen oxide (NO_x) emissions and 2–3% higher effective thermal efficiency than that operating on diesel fuel in moderate and high load zones.     

Investigation of novel anthracene‐bridged carbazoles as sensitizers and Co‐sensitizers for dye‐sensitized solar cells

Novel anthracene‐bridged carbazole organic dyes (designated ML4 and ML5) were synthesized using the Suzuki coupling reaction. These dyes were designed to be donor‐π‐conjugation‐acceptor sensitizers for dye‐sensitized solar cells, where the carbazole moiety acts as the donor, the anthracene moiety provides the π‐conjugation, and the cyano acrylic acid acts as the acceptor. Solar cells were fabricated with ML4 and ML5 alone with low power conversion efficiencies, but they were also used as co‐sensitizers with N719, improving the efficiency of the dye‐sensitized solar cells produced by ~3% and ~10%, respectively. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Advances in internet congestion control

In this survey, we first review the concept of congestion control with a focus on the Transmission Control Protocol⁄Internet Protocol (TCP⁄IP). We describe many recently proposed algorithms to combat congestion and improve performance, particularly active queue management (AQM) algorithms such as random early detection (RED) and its variants. We then survey control-theoretic analysis and design of TCP congestion control with an AQM scheme. In addition, we discuss three problems associated with AQM proposals: parameter setting, the insensitivity to the input traffic load variation, and the mismatch between macroscopic and microscopic behavior of queue length dynamics. As alternatives to AQM algorithms, we also survey architectural approaches such as modification of source or network algorithms, and economic approaches including pricing or optimization of allocated resources. Finally, we list many open issues that persist in the design, operation, and control of the Internet.     

铝板的偏振反射Mueller矩阵实验研究

物质材料例如涂层、金属、电介质等有其各自的偏振特性。Stokes参量或是Mueller矩阵表示了偏振量化信息与材料性质的关系。介绍了Mueller矩阵测量方法,使用He-Ne（入=632.8 nm）激光器经过起偏器产生的偏振光照射在铝样品上,并经偏振分析光学系统,获取样品Mueller矩阵元素测量图像数据。在给出延迟器校正结果的前提下,使用64个偏振测量图像,并采用最小二乘法减小误差,给出了铝板样品的偏振反射Mueller矩阵,比较分析了水平/垂直、 / 和左旋/右旋圆偏振分量随样品转角变化时的退偏特性曲线。结果表明,铝板的圆偏光与线偏光的退偏度显著,为使用圆偏振实现探测提供可能性。     

一种应用于纳米尺度器件陷阱电荷表征的新型改进电荷泵方法

随着器件特征尺寸的缩小,热载流子带来的器件蜕化效应越来越严重。电荷泵方法可用于表征陷阱电荷的分布。但由于局部阈值电压窄峰的影响,传统电荷泵法在测试陷阱电荷分布时存在误差。本文提出了一种改进型电荷泵测试方法,可用于精确提取纳米尺度器件中陷阱电荷的横向分布。 本文采用0.12微米的SONOS器件来验证这一方法的有效性。通过编程控制,使SONOS器件形成大约50纳米的阈值电压窄峰。采用新方法测试得到的陷阱电荷分布与测试得到的阈值电压有较好的一致性。     

基于MATLAB数据采集系统的设计与实现

自然界中的许多物理信号都可通过传感器转换为电信号。与此同时,随着计算机软硬件技术以及电子技术的飞速发展,为更加准确、便捷地研究这些物理信号提供了基础。提出了一种数据采集、分析系统,给出了其软、硬件设计过程。该系统具有体积小、功耗低、电路结构简单、可靠等特点。     

宽带无线接入（BWA）技术研究

分析了宽带无线接入（BWA）技术的产生背景,提出了BWA的通用参考模型,并对BWA进行了分类,最后阐述了BWA的应用领域。     

利用SOA交叉增益调制实现2.5 Gbit/s非归零码的全光波长变换

采用半导体光放大器 (SOA)的交叉增益调制进行了 2 5Gbit/s的非归零码光脉冲的波长变换。向下波长变换间距大于 2 0nm ,向上波长变换间距大于 10nm。对变换信号测量了接收机入纤功率和误码率的关系。实验中采用同向变换的方式 ,信号光中心波长固定 ,探测光采用外腔半导体激光器 ,中心波长连续可调。对变换信号进行了至少 1h的测量 ,误码为零。为其在波分复用(WDM)网络中的应用奠定了基础。