固溶处理对铝热-离心法制备的不锈钢衬层显微结构的影响

研究了铝热 -离心法制备的复合钢管中不锈钢内衬层的显微结构以及固溶处理对不锈钢层的显微结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明 ,不锈钢内衬层主要由奥氏体枝晶组成 ,枝晶间分布着一薄层铁素体。铁素体区内有AlNi金属间化合物析出。奥氏体和铁素体的相界面上有σ相析出。 1 0 0 0℃固溶处理可消除缓慢冷却过程中在不锈钢中形成的σ相和AlNi析出相 ,显著提高不锈钢的塑性 ,不锈钢内衬层的伸长率由处理前的 8%提高到处理后的 2 1 %。     

铣削刀片用纳米改性金属陶瓷的显微组织和力学性能

研究了铣削刀片用纳米改性金属陶瓷的显微组织与力学性能。SEM观察结果表明,铣削刀片用纳米改性金属陶瓷组织仍由陶瓷相和金属相组成,其中粗大的陶瓷相颗粒为芯/壳结构;Mo元素添加能有效细化金属陶瓷陶瓷基体组织。抗弯测试表明,随金属相含量增加,金属陶瓷的抗弯强度和断裂韧性增加,而硬度则降低;断口分析可知,沿晶断裂为其主要的断裂方式。     

锰对低铬白口铸铁组织及硬度的影响

系统研究了Ｍｎ对水平连铸低铬白口铸铁铸态及正火态组织和硬度的影响。结果表明，Ｍｎ＞２．０％之后对组织有较大影响，由于出现（Ｍ＋Ａ）组成物，使基体硬度显著提高，这将大大改善了低铬白口铸铁中碳化物与基体硬度的相对关系。试验证实，Ｍｎ＞３％之后明显改善硬度分布均匀性。还讨论了使低铬锰白口铸铁具有最佳综合性能的合理含Ｍｎ量范围     

灰铁铸件牌号要求与熔炼配料选择

由于铸件壁厚对其性能有明显影响，牌号要求相同、壁厚不同的灰铁铸件必须采用不同的成分和配料。介绍不同灰铁铸件牌号标准的对照，并用生产实例说明如何根据图纸牌号要求、铸件结构和使用性能要求选择化学成分控制标准和熔炼配料。     

4-methoxy-2,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazoyl)-1,3,5-triazine modified carbon paste electrode for trace Cu(Ⅱ) determination by differential pulse volt-ammetry

A differential pulse voltammetric method was developed for the sensitive and selective determination of Cu(Ⅱ) at 4-methoxy-2,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazoyl)-l,3,5-triazine modified carbon paste electrode in 0.05 mol/L KHC8H4O4 solution (pH = 4.02). The oxidation peak of Cu(Ⅱ) was observed at 0.065 V(vs Ag/AgCl) by scanning the potential in positive direc-tion. The analysis procedure consisted of an open circuit accumulation step in stirred sample solution. It was followed by medium exchange to a clean solution and subsequently an anodic potential scan was affected to obtain the voltammetric peak. The current was proportional to the concentration of the Cu(Ⅱ) ion in a range of 1× 10-7-1×10-4 mol/L for 6 min accumulation; the most of metal ions did not interfere with the determination. The developed method was applied to Cu(Ⅱ) determination in coal-ash sample, the results agreed with that of atomic adsorption spectroscopy(AAS).     

Cu-Al-Be形状记忆合金的应力腐蚀性能

用恒载荷法和慢应变速率法及SEM研究了Cu-Al-Be形 状记忆合金在甘油、海水和氨介质中的应力腐蚀性能.结果表明，Cu-Al-Be合金具有良 好的抗海水应力腐蚀性能和较低的氨介质应力腐蚀倾向.单相马氏体有较 好的耐海水腐蚀能力，可减少腐蚀引起的裂纹源；外应力下马氏体的孪晶变形和变体间的界 面迁移，则有利于松弛应力集中，阻碍和延缓腐蚀裂纹源的扩展，从而提高Cu-Al-Be合金的 应力腐蚀能力.     

纳米四氧化三铁磁性微粒的表面有机改性

通过液相共沉淀法制备了纳米四氧化三铁溶胶，利用油酸对纳米粒子体进行表面改性和萃取实验，获得油酸包覆的四氧化三铁微粒。采用FT—IR和高分辨透射电镜对改性后的纳米粉体进行结构和形貌的表征。研究结果表明油酸与四氧化三铁纳米粒子间存在化学键结合。油酸对纳米四氧化三铁微粒进行改性，并且对纳米粒子进行包覆，使外表面形成保护层阻止粒子团聚，改性后的四氧化三铁微粒与有机物具有良好的相溶性，采用表面改性显著改善了纳米四氧化三铁微粒的性能指标。     

结晶法净化湿法磷酸生产磷酸二氢钾研究

研究了三聚氰胺结晶法净化湿法磷酸复分解生产精细磷酸二氢钾工艺中磷酸三聚氰胺与氯化钾反应生产磷酸二氢钾的工艺条件。采用二次正交组合实验设计，对反应过程中反应温度，反应时间，搅拌速度，氯化钾用量，氯化钾初始浓度等诸因素的一次作用，二次作用及交互作用对五氧化二磷转化率的影响进行了研究，得到了适宜的工艺条件，所得磷酸二氢钾达到HG2321－91质量标准。     

掺杂改性对聚苯乙烯性能影响的研究

文章阐述了掺杂烷氧金属的聚苯乙烯的制备以及用红外光谱、扫描电镜和热分析分析其微观结构和热性能的部分研究结果。     

Study on Tribological Properties of Polytetrafluoroethylene Drawn Uniaxially at Different Temperature

Summary: Wear behavior correlations with morphology have been established from polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) drawn at 200, 327, and 375 °C with draw ratio about 4. The friction coefficient and wear rate for PTFE drawn at 327 °C are lower and the wear rate is lower than that of undrawn PTFE by about 30%. The structures of samples were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), DSC, and wide angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD). Results indicate that the debris morphologies of samples are different. The differences in the tribological behavior of undrawn and drawn samples were attributed to the improvement of the degree of the crystalline, fibrillation, and orderliness by drawing, especially, for PTFE drawn at 327 °C. The orderliness of molecular arrangement along the drawn direction is also higher for PTFE drawn at 327 °C than those of PTFE drawn at 200 and 375 °C, respectively. Therefore, the intensity of covalent bond along drawn direction is higher. The shear resistance and the deformability of the material are greatly improved and the size of the wear breakage unit decreases, which results in a good tribological property for PTFE drawn at 327 °C.

SEM morphology of fractured surface perpendicular to the draw direction for PTFE drawn at 327 °C.