Online Social Network Security: A Comparative Review Using Machine Learning and Deep Learning

Neural Processing Letters - In the present era, Online Social Networking has become an important phenomenon in human society. However, a large section of users are not aware of the security and...     

Genetic and Molecular Differences in Prostate Carcinogenesis between African American and Caucasian American Men

Prostate cancer is the most common non-skin cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related death for men in the United States. Prostate cancer incidence and associated mortality are highest in African American men in comparison to other races. The observed differences in incidence and disease aggressiveness at presentation support a potential role for different pathways of prostate carcinogenesis between African American and Caucasian men. This review focuses on some of the recent molecular biology discoveries, which have been investigated in prostate carcinogenesis and their likely contribution to the known discrepancies across race and ethnicity. Key discussion points include the androgen receptor gene structure and function, genome-wide association studies and epigenetics. The new observations of the ethnic differences of the ERG oncogene, the most common prostate cancer gene, are providing new insights into ERG based stratification of prostate cancers in the context of ethnically diverse patient populations. This rapidly advancing knowledge has the likely potential to benefit clinical practice. Current and future work will improve the ability to sub-type prostate cancers by molecular alterations and lead to targeted therapy against this common malignancy.     

The Effect of Post Fatigue Tensile Loading on Mechanical Properties and Failure Behaviour of Steel

In this research work the early fatigue damage characteristics up to 50% of life has been investigated at near‐endurance stress amplitude in a medium carbon steel with hardened & tempered and normalized conditions by application of post fatigue tensile loading. During fatigue loading microvoids were generated at the interphase‐interface through vacancy clustering. Directional localized coalescence of these microvoids generated ‘void sheets’ in the normalized steel and ‘craters’ in the hardened & tempered steel. These defects acted as the potential sites for failure during post fatigue tensile loading deteriorating the mechanical properties. This was, therefore, clearly indicated that when a high tensile load is superimposed on near‐endurance fatigue loading, material may fail much earlier than its actual fatigue life. The normalized steel suffered from more reduction in ductility than the hardened & tempered steel indicating more susceptibility to fatigue damage.     

Monodispersed and size-controlled multibranched gold nanoparticles with nanoscale tuning of surface morphology

A novel seed-mediated synthetic route to produce multibranched gold nanoparticles is reported, in which it is possible to precisely tune both their size and nanostructuration, while maintaining an accurate level of monodispersion. The nanoscale control of surface nanoroughness/branching, ranging from small bud-like features to elongated spikes, allows to obtain fine tuning of the nanoparticle optical properties, up to the red and near-IR region of the spectrum. Such anisotropic nanostructures were demonstrated to be excellent candidates for SERS applications, showing significantly higher signals with respect to the standard spherical nanoparticles.     

Ground Water Basin Management at the Neyveli Lignite Mines

Water conservation and water management practices have been adopted at Neyveli to ensure proper hydrologic balance. These practices are important because ground water pumping is a prerequisite for lignite mining in the Neyveli basin. This paper delineates some of these practices and the scientific studies undertaken by the Neyveli Lignite Corporation to develop and implement them. Optimal water utilization would be achieved by maintaining the ground water recharge (input) and the ground water extraction (output) ratio in the basin.     

Raman Study of Glasses of Ba2TiSi2O8 and Ba2TiGe2O8

Raman spectra are reported for fresnoite (Ba₂Ti(Si,Ge)₂O₈ glasses, and comparison is made between the Raman spectra of the corresponding crystalline powders and glasses of Ba₂TiSi₂O₈ and Ba₂TiGe₂O₈. The Ba₂TiGe₂O₈ glass spectra show correspondence with the Ba₂TiGe₂O₈ crystalline Raman spectra; the v _s(Ge–O–Ge) mode occurs at 518 cm⁻¹ in the glass and at 521 cm⁻¹ in the crystalline material. Five-fold coordinated titanium is the majority species present in the Ba₂TiGe₂O₈ glass as revealed by a strong band at 824 cm⁻¹ in the I glass spectrum. The Ba₂TiSi₂O₈ glass spectra are similar to the Ba₂TiSi₂O₈ crystalline spectrum; the strongest band is found at 836 cm⁻¹ in the I glass spectrum. Through comparison with the previous Raman data of other titania silicate glasses, we conclude that the Ba₂TiSi₂O₈ glass has a structure similar to the crystalline phase.