Solution-processed vanadium oxide as an anode interlayer for inverted polymer solar cells hybridized with ZnO nanorods

Solution-processed vanadium oxide (V₂O₅) as an anode interlayer is introduced between the organic layer and the Ag electrode for improving the performance of the low-cost inverted polymer solar cells hybridized with ZnO nanorods. Our investigations indicate that the solution-processed V₂O₅ interlayer as an electron-blocking layer can effectively prevent the leakage current at the organic/Ag interface. The power conversion efficiency is improved from 2.5% to 3.56% by the introduction of the V₂O₅ interlayer. The V₂O₅ interlayer also serves as an optical spacer to enhance light absorption, and thereby increases the photocurrent. Compared to the vacuum-deposited techniques, the fabrication of the solution-processed V₂O₅ interlayer is simple and effective. The solution-based approach makes it attractive for applications to mass production and potentially printed organic electronics.     

Action Patterns Probing for Dynamic Service Composition in Home Network

The concept of a smart home has been discussed in recent years. The major purpose is to make life more convenient, safe, and fun in various areas, including home automation, security, entertainment, and so on. In order to automate the interactions between the home users and devices or even between devices, the prediction of the home user’s actions and the integration of devices are very important. The UPnP Device Architecture defines the protocols for communication between the UPnP control point and devices. Exploiting UPnP techniques, home users can easily control intelligent devices through the control point. However, UPnP devices lack a composition mechanism to complete a novel application or value-added service.In this paper, an action patterns probing algorithm is proposed. We propose a dynamic service composition system which coordinates the primitive UPnP services at home. We can predict the action and the data flow with satisfactory accuracy. At first, we define data type ontology for UPnP devices to describe their service interfaces. Afterwards, the interface matching mechanism is employed to construct a service graph that describes which services can be composed together. And we have to analyze the record of user’s actions by using the service graph. Finally, we can find the devices which can be composed and worked together in common use. These devices can be composed dynamically by user’s habits and can be automated by our mechanism.     

长江螺山站50年来基流演变趋势分析

基流是枯水期河川径流量的主要补给来源,合理确定基流过程及其演变趋势在水资源、水环境和水安全的管理中都有着重要的意义。本文选用HYSEP法对长江螺山站1965-2011年的逐日流量过程进行了基流分割,得到了螺山站基流过程,选用M-K趋势检验法分析了总径流量、基流量及基流指数(BFI)值的年际变化。结果表明:螺山站多年平均BFI为0.83;近50年来,年均径流和基流都呈现显著下降趋势;年均降水量和基流指数分别表现出下降和上升趋势,但趋势并不显著;径流年内分配不均,且主要集中在4-9月,基流表现为1-7月份增加,8-12月份减少;BFI年内则呈1-4月下降,10-12月上升的变化趋势;人类活动和上游洞庭湖的调蓄作用可能是影响螺山站基流过程的主要原因。     

People Smart

To truly succeed in our careers, we must go beyond just being accepted and knowing how to interface—we need people to like us and be willing to help us, and we need to build a successful network of professional contacts. To achieve these goals, we shouldn't outwardly appear to be aggressive, even if we're aggressive in our objective—rather, we should be generous and magnanimous. We must also have a sense of humor and humility. In this installment of our series about the soft skills all IT professionals must master to advance their careers, the author focuses on how to be people smart.     

Geometric and energy parameters in lysine-retinal chromophores

The parameters used in the computer program ECEPP (EmpiricalConformational Energy Program for Peptides) have been expandedto cover some key elements in retinal-containing proteins. Theseelements are ‘all-trans retinal lysine with unprotonatedimine’, ‘all-trans retinal lysine with protonatedimine’, ‘13-cis retinal lysine with unprotonatedimine’ and ‘13-cis retinal lysine with protonatedimine’ respectively. The geometric parameters of thesefour new ‘amino acid residues’ were derived by optimizingtheir molecular structures with the AMI Hamiltonian includedin MOPAC (Molecular Orbital PACkage), and their partial atomiccharges were determined with a CNDO/2 (Complete Neglect of DifferentialOverlap) calculation. The parameters for nonbonded interactionsand torsional potentials were obtained from the existing ECEPPparameters through a logical extension. The augmented ECEPPsystem thus obtained can be employed to investigate the conformationof bacteriorhodopsin and its proton-pumping mechanism from anenergetic point of view. The computer modeling study on bacteriorhodopsinand other seven-helix membrane proteins, e.g. serotonin receptorand dopamine receptor, is under way in the Upjohn Laboratories.     

Automatic measurement of runway grooving construction for pavement skid evaluation

Grooved construction on airport runways has been proven to greatly improve the drainage efficiency and skid resistance of pavement. However, there exist very few measurement methodologies that are capable of successfully assessing information about the grooves other than manual random sampling. An automatic measuring instrument equipped with a laser displacement sensor and an accelerometer mounted on a low-speed scooter is developed in this study. Pilot simulation tests were conducted first to study the feasibility and reliability of the instrument. The mean error percentage of the instrument is 2.27%, 4.45%, and 3.14% in measuring depth, width, and spacing, respectively, which indicates that the developed instrument can provide a relatively reliable accuracy in the measurement of groove sizes. Groove configuration and skid resistant capability of two airport runways were measured, and the result obtained from field experiments showed that the quality of grooving construction is crucial to skid resistance of pavement. Preliminary studies show promising results in enhancing the efficiency of the evaluation of grooved pavement.     

煤质低位发热量Q_DW_f_Q_DW_y换算公式的改进

在煤质的工业分析中,由各种公式换算出的不同煤种的Q~f_(DW)值,实用时尚须按Q~y_(DW)=Q~f_(DW)×(100-W~y)/(100-W~f)-6W~y+6W~f×(100-W~y)/(100-W~f)式换算成应用煤的低位发热量。使用这个公式不仅繁琐费时,且易出错,现行的简算方法如下:Q~y_(DW)=Q~f_(DW)-54H~y-6W~y或Q~y_(DW)=Q~y_(DW)-K_3-K_4其中K_3=54H~y K_4=6W~y(K_3、K_4可由专用表格查算),此式虽较简便,但式中的含氢量H~y值必须通过测定煤样中的碳氢含量并加以换算才能得到,这对于因各种原因不能进行煤的实测发热量及其元素分析的动力用煤企业来讲,此式没有实际意义。作者经过大量统计运算,发现了组成煤本体各种参数在不同条件下对煤质发热量不同程     

HDTV中8-VSB调制技术

美国大联盟的多电平残留边带调制传输系统吸取了几种全数字高清晰度电视的制式的优点，采用了当今视听领域中的一系列最新成果，昨经三代电视系统的典范。介绍了采用滤波相位补偿法原理，实现对称滚降８－ＶＳＢ调制器的硬件方案。     

A fast focus measure for video display inspection

In this paper, we propose a robust and computationally fast focus measure for cathode ray tubes (CRTs) found in TVs and computer and video monitors. The focus measure is represented by the area ratio of a predetermined object pattern in the test image of a fixed size, which increases in size as the degree of defocus increases. The area ratio is calculated using a simple, straightforward moment-preserving method. On-line, real-time application of focus adjustment can be realized with the proposed method. Received: 4 November 2001 / Accepted: 6 December 2002 Published online: 23 April 2003 Correspondence to. D.-M. Tsai (e-mail: iedmtsai@saturn.yzu.edu.tw)