Estimation of rheological parameters using velocity measurements

In the present investigation, we develop a method for estimating rheological parameters of viscoelastic fluids using velocity measurement in a square straight channel. It is believed that a somewhat complicated patterns of secondary flows due to the non-zero second normal stress difference are more useful than the simple viscometric flows traditionally adopted in the determination of rheological parameters. The inverse problem of determining the rheological parameters from a set of velocity measurements is solved using a conjugate gradient method. When applied to a general constitutive equation encompassing the UCM model, the Oldroyd-B model and the PTT model, the present method is found to yield a reasonably accurate estimation of five rheological parameters simultaneously even with noisy velocity measurements.     

Bacillus subtilis NX-2合成g-聚谷氨酸的立体构型调控机理

探讨了在Bacillus subtilis NX-2发酵生产g-聚谷氨酸(g-PGA)过程中，Mn2+对g-PGA结构中D-和L-谷氨酸组成的影响及其与催化L-谷氨酸生成D-谷氨酸的两个相关酶?谷氨酸消旋酶和D-氨基酸转氨酶之间的关系. 当Mn2＋浓度由0增加到0.09 g/L时，D-谷氨酸比例从18%增加到77%；谷氨酸消旋酶活性从0.200 U/mg变为0.441 U/mg，提高了1倍多，D-氨基酸转氨酶活性则几乎没有变化. 说明谷氨酸消旋酶参与了L-到D-谷氨酸的转化过程，且Mn2+是通过改变谷氨酸消旋酶的活性来调节产物g-PGA的立体组成的，这与目前报道的枯草芽孢杆菌合成g-PGA过程中Mn2+浓度与g-PGA中D-, L-构型比无关的结果不同. 当Mn2＋浓度为0.03 g/L时，发酵过程中生成的g-PGA中D-谷氨酸比例不变，维持在75%左右.     

微通道中两相流压降与传质的研究

以氮气和水为实验体系,采用均质混合模型,研究微混合器的微通道中两相流通过微通道的压降,并测定了两相流的传质系数.结果表明,微通道当量直径为95.2 μm,气体速率为1.089～4.355 m/s,液体速率为0.006 41～0.170 90 m/s的条件下,均质混合模型计算压降值与实测值吻合良好.气速为1.633～3.484 m/s,液速为0.025 6 m/s时,随着气速增加,传质系数呈递增的趋势.气速为1.633～3.484 m/s,液速为0.019 2 m/s时,随着气速增加,传质系数先增加后降低然后再增加.传质系数对液速变化更为敏感.     

Composite polymer electrolytes based on the low crosslinked copolymer of linear and hyperbranched polyurethanes

Low crosslinked copolymer of linear and hyperbranched polyurethane (CHPU) was prepared, and the ionic conductivities and thermal properties of the composite polymer electrolytes composed of CHPU and LiClO₄ were investigated. The FTIR and Raman spectra analysis indicated that the polyurethane copolymer could dissolve more lithium salt than the corresponding polymer electrolytes of the non crosslinked hyperbranched polyurethane, and showed higher conductivities. At salt concentration EO/Li = 4, the electrolyte CHPU30‐LiClO₄ reached its maximum conductivity, 1.51 × 10^?5 S cm^?1 at 25°C. DSC measurement was also used for the analysis of the thermal properties of polymer electrolytes. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 3607–3613, 2007     

基于能量优化的LEACH路由协议改进

针对LEACH路由算法中簇头选举随机性和簇头与基站直接通信导致能量消耗过快且不平衡的特点,提出新的改进算法,以达到降低能耗目的。在改进算法中,簇头剩余能量高于网络平均能量。根据簇头节点与基站的相对位置划分不同区域,簇头节点发送数据采用多跳方式,避免簇头节点能量消耗过快,达到平衡网络能量消耗的目的。仿真表明,通过改进簇头选举条件和采用多跳路由的方式,即使在数据通信量增加的情况下,依然能够延长网络通信时间。     

X波段85W功率放大模块微带电路设计

针对X波段50 W GaN功放管电路进行改进设计,在满足原有指标的条件下,同时提高电路工作稳定性;巧妙改变微波电路结构,去除了原电路所用的电感,并在不影响电路指标的前提下适当减少了电容、电阻的用量,为整个电路的设计节约了成本。同时,仿真并制作了Wilkinson功分功合器。最终得到85 W功率放大模块,并给出了测试结果。     

Preparation and properties of polyelectrolyte complex sponges composed of hyaluronic acid and chitosan and their biological behaviors

Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) composed of chitosan and hyaluronic acid (HA) were prepared in various pH regions and at different weight ratios. At low pHs, there was a strong ionic interaction between NH groups in chitosan and both COO^? and COOH groups in HA due to the deprotonation of HA, whereas weak linkages were formed at high pHs because only the carboxyl groups of HA could interact with NH groups in chitosan. The formation of PECs resulted in a decrease in the crystallinity and thermal stability caused by the interactions between polyions. With variations in the degree of ionization of polyions at various pH conditions, novel PEC sponges were prepared by the freeze drying of PEC solutions. Furthermore, for the evaluation of the wound‐healing effect of PEC sponges with or without an antimicrobial agent (silver sulfadiazine), they were applied to a full‐skin defect of a Wistar rat in vivo. The histology and computerized morphometric analysis of the epidermal healing confirmed the proliferation of fibroblasts in the wound bed and a distinct reduction in infectious agents. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 90: 925–932, 2003     

多孔陶瓷分离膜

多孔陶瓷膜由于其优良的耐高温、耐腐蚀、耐微生物侵蚀等性质，近年来被快速地应用于分离领域。本文介绍其制备方法、性能测定及应用前景。     

2-乙基-2- 唑啉的阳离子开环聚合及聚合物的表征

以对甲苯磺酸甲酯为引发剂进行２乙基２唑啉阳离子开环聚合研究，主要考察了不同的单体／引发剂配比、聚合温度和聚合时间对聚合转化率和聚合物分子量的影响。聚合物通过ＩＲ、１Ｈ核磁共振、ＤＳＣ进行表征，并考察了聚（２乙基２唑啉）与部分聚合物和共聚物的共混性能。     

淋球菌培养基、氧化酶试纸及奈瑟氏菌快速糖试验试剂盒的检定和应用

应用新研制的淋球菌培养基（WGC）与意大利GC（IGC）和MTM培养基对照进行淋球菌生长试验，其敏感性基本一致。用已知菌株对氧化酶试纸和奈瑟氏菌快速糖试验试剂盒进行检定，亦呈现正确反应。应用WGC与IGC培养基培养9o3例临床标本，培养物经革兰氏染色和氧化酶试纸作初步检定，IGC卜淋球菌阳性402例，WGC上同时田位400例，两者符合率为99．5％，WGC上400例中，有366例用快速糖试验作证实试验，确诊为淋球菌者有364例，两者符合率为99．45％。