IPv6 delay and loss performance evolution

Although packet delay and loss are two important parameters of the Internet performance, to the best of our knowledge, the evolution of large‐scale IPv6 delay and loss performance has previously not been studied. In this paper, we analyze more than 600 end‐to‐end IPv6 paths between about 26 testboxes of RIPE Network Coordination Centre over two years, and compare the delay and loss performance over time with their IPv4 counterparts. We present and discuss the measurement methodologies and show that IPv6 paths have a higher delay and loss than their IPv4 counterparts. The main reason for the worse performance stems from IPv6‐in‐IPv4 tunnels rather than from native IPv6 paths and such tunnels are still widely used today. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Factor structure of the SOCRATES in a clinical sample of adolescents.

This study investigated the Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Scale (SOCRATES: W. R. Miller & J. S. Tonigan, 1996) in adolescents presenting for treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD). The participants were 80 males and 43 females (mean age=16.8 years) who presented for AUD treatment (95.1% outpatient, 4.9% inpatient). Participants completed assessments at baseline and 1 year and provided information on alcohol use and related variables monthly between these 2 assessments. Principal-components and confirmatory factor analyses of the baseline SOCRATES identified 2 factors, Taking Steps and Recognition, which showed good internal consistency and concurrent and predictive evidence of validity. The results were interpreted as supporting the use of the SOCRATES with clinical samples of adolescents. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Visual insights into high-resolution earthquake Simulations.

This study focuses on the visualization of a series of large earthquake simulations collectively called TeraShake. The simulation series aims to assess the impact of San Andreas Fault earthquake scenarios in Southern California. We discuss the role of visualization in gaining scientific insight and aiding unexpected discoveries.     

What do we know about innovation in nanotechnology? Some propositions about an emerging field between hype and path-dependency

This contribution formulates a number of propositions about the emergence of novel nanoscience and nanotechnology (N&N). Seeking to complement recent work that aims to define a research agenda and draws on general insights from the innovation literature, this paper aims to synthesize knowledge from innovation-related studies of the N&N field. More specifically, it is suggested that N&N is often misconstrued as either a field of technology or an area of (broadly) converging technologies while evidence to date suggests rather that N&N be considered a set of inter-related and overlapping about not necessarily merging technologies. The role of instrumentation in connecting the various N&N fields is underlined. Finally, the question is raised whether change in N&N tends to be incremental rather than discontinuous, being the result of technological path-dependencies and lock-ins in industry-typical search regimes that are only slowly giving way to more boundary-crossing activities.     

Isolation and Spectroscopic Characterization of Eu@C72

A new Eu-endohedral fullerene cage, namely, Eu@C₇₂, was synthesized, separated, and a single isomer, Eu@C₇₂-I, has been isolated by multi-step HPLC for the first time and characterized by LDI-TOF mass spectrometry, UV-Vis and EPR spectroscopy. Additionally, a second isomer, Eu@C₇₂-II, has been separated by HPLC and identified by LDI-TOF mass spectrometry.     

Family-Responsive Interventions, Perceived Organizational and Supervisor Support, Work-Family Conflict, and Psychological Strain.

This study examined organizational family-responsive policies, perceptions of the organization as family supportive, and supervisor support as issues that may be salient to the experience of conflict between paid employment (work) and family roles. Data were collected from 355 managerial personnel in New Zealand. Although work-family conflict and psychological strain were strongly linked, the availability of organizational policies had no significant association with levels of conflict or strain, whereas policy usage was related only to work-to-family interference and not to family-to-work interference. On the other hand, perceptions of the organization as family supportive and supervisor support for work-family balance displayed significant relationships with key variables, highlighting the importance of these variables for interventions designed to ameliorate the negative impact of work-family conflict on managerial well-being. Implications for the effective implementation of family-responsive interventions are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Degradation of Stiffness of Cemented Calcareous Soil in Cyclic Triaxial Tests

The deformation characteristics of artificially cemented calcareous soil subjected to undrained cyclic triaxial loading are investigated at different confining pressure and cyclic stress levels. The influence of cementation on the shear stiffness is investigated by comparing the behavior of cemented and uncemented soils with similar initial conditions. It is observed that the deviator stress and the deviatoric strain at yield reduced with increasing number of cycles for cemented sand due to progressive degradation of bond, which results in significant decrease in stiffness. On the other hand, a strain-hardening effect is observed in uncemented sand and this results in increasing yield stress and strain with progressive number of cycles. A linear relationship between degradation index and number of cycles is observed for cemented sand. This relationship has been synthesized in the form of an empirical equation by modifying a previously proposed equation for cohesive soils. This empirical equation was further used to evaluate the fatigue life of soils by adopting a failure criterion.     

Risk Factors for Course of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Among Vietnam Veterans: A 14-Year Follow-Up of American Legionnaires.

Risk factors affecting the course of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are poorly understood. As part of a larger study on characterizing exposure to herbicides in Vietnam, the authors investigated this issue in a random sample of 1,377 American Legionnaires who had served in Southeast Asia during the Vietnam War and were followed over a 14-year period. High combat exposure, perceived negative community attitudes at homecoming, minority race, depression symptoms at Time 1, and more anger at Time 1 predicted a more chronic course. Community involvement at Time 1 was protective and associated with decreased risk at Time 2. Discomfort in disclosing Vietnam experiences was associated with an increased risk for developing PTSD but did not predict its course. Combat exposure predicted PTSD course more strongly than any other risk factor. Findings suggest recovery from PTSD is significantly influenced by perceived social support. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Failure of a stationary pump engine piston

Piston failures are not a common occurrence, but they do occur, and failure is usually associated with fatigue crack growth. Most failures initiate at the gudgeon pin hole or in the skirt of the piston. Occasionally they fail elsewhere. In the example covered in this paper, failure initiated in the crown and progressed down to the gudgeon pin before final failure occurred. This paper outlines the cause and mode of failure and shows that small metallurgical discontinuities can contribute to these failures under the right circumstances.     

Delamination Resistant Zinc Alloys: Simple Concept and Results on the System Zinc‐Magnesium

Alloying zinc coatings with elements such as magnesium and titanium increases the corrosion resistance in industrial tests. Based on the fundamental mechanism of cathodic delamination, a simple concept how alloying zinc with specific elements might improve its resistance to cathodic delamination is presented in this paper. As an example, results concerning the delamination of a simple polymer from the zinc‐magnesium intermetallic MgZn₂ are presented. From electrode potential measurements obtained with the Scanning Kelvin Probe it can be concluded that cathodic delamination from this alloy is completely inhibited. This behaviour is attributed to the electronic properties of the magnesium‐rich oxidic passive layer, that inhibits the oxygen reduction reaction at the metal oxide/polymer interface.