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81.
The article is dedicated to the empirical exploration of solution providers in the German capital goods industry. A model – consisting of six principles and success factors for solution management – is used to draw conclusions on the relevance and the need for action to manage the transition towards being a solution provider. The answers from 99 medium-sized companies reveal the following results: 1.) The solution concept offers the opportunity to gain competitive advantage 2.) The potential of providing solutions has been recognised, yet the implementation is lagging behind 3.) A consistent solution management process is a prerequisite for success 4.) Appropriate methods and tools are required along the whole process. 相似文献
82.
B. Sturm V. Barale D. Larkin J. H. Andersen M. Turner 《International journal of remote sensing》2013,34(7):1219-1248
A complete set of algorithms and models for the level_2 processing of the European CZCS historical data was integrated in the OCEANcode software package. The OCEANcode allows the calibration of the sensor-recorded signal taking into account the instrument sensitivity loss; the correction of the calibrated signal for atmospheric contamination and derive sub-surface reflectances; and then the estimation of the concentration of water constituents. The atmospheric correction is performed on the basis of a reflectance-model-based algorithm. The Rayleigh correction is applied consistently for all water pixels, using a multiple scattering approach, and introducing atmospheric pressure and Ozone concentration data in the computation. The marine aerosol correction uses a pixel-by-pixel iterative procedure, allowing successive estimates of both the marine reflectance in the red spectral region (670nm) and the Angstrom exponent, which links simple wavelengths ratios to reflectance ratios. For case 1 waters, the optical properties of which are essentially dominated by planktonic pigments, the interrelations between marine reflectances and reflectance ratios at various wavelengths are derived from modelled calculations. For identified case 2 waters, where water constituents other than planktonic pigments (i.e. dissolved organics and suspended sediments) dominate the water optical properties, the evaluation of marine reflectances is approximated by means of interpolated Angstrom exponent values computed over case 1 water pixels and of empirical relationships derived from in situ measurements. The computation of chlorophyll-like pigments is performed with algorithms based on blue/green (443-550nm) reflectance ratios, for lower pigment concentration, or on green/green (520-550nm) reflectance ratios, for higher pigment concentration. As for the case of atmospheric corrections, the inter-relations between pigment concentration and reflectance ratios are model-derived for case 1 waters, and empirically determined for case 2 waters. 相似文献
83.
Sturm B. L. Shynk J. J. 《IEEE transactions on audio, speech, and language processing》2010,18(3):461-472
84.
Most computer and robot vision algorithms, be it for object detection, recognition, or reconstruction, are designed for opaque objects. Non-opaque objects have received less attention, although various special cases have been the subject of research efforts, especially the case of specular objects. The main objective of this paper is to provide a research work in the case of semi-transparent objects, i.e. objects that are transparent but also reflect light, typically objects made of glass. They are rather omnipresent in man-made environments (especially, windows and doors). Detection of these objects provides important information that can be used in a robot’s navigational strategies such as obstacle avoidance, detection of oil/water spills on the floor, localization, etc. In order to achieve the detection of semi-transparent objects we developed a novel approach using a collective-reward based technique on an image captured by an uncalibrated camera. Several experiments were conducted over different scenarios to test the efficacy of the algorithm. 相似文献
85.
Kattamis A.Z. Cheng I.-C. Ke Long Hekmatshoar B. Cherenack K.H. Wagner S. Sturm J.C. Venugopal S.M. Loy D.E. O'Rourke S.M. Allee D.R. 《Display Technology, Journal of》2007,3(3):304-308
The transition of thin-film transistor (TFT) backplanes from rigid plate glass to flexible substrates requires the development of a generic TFT backplane technology on a clear plastic substrate. To be sufficiently stable under bias stress, amorphous-silicon (a-Si:H) TFTs must be deposited at elevated temperatures, therefore the substrate must withstand high temperatures. We fabricated a-Si:H TFT backplanes on a clear plastic substrate at 200degC. The measured stability of the TFTs under gate bias stress was superior to TFTs fabricated at 150degC. The substrate was dimensionally stable within the measurement resolution of 1, allowing for well-aligned 8 times 8 and 32 times 32 arrays of pixels. The operation of the backplane is demonstrated with an electrophoretic display. This result is a step toward the drop-in replacement of glass substrates by plastic foil. 相似文献
86.
Brominated flame retardants and dechlorane plus in the marine atmosphere from Southeast Asia toward Antarctica 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The occurrence, distribution, and temperature dependence in the marine atmosphere of several alternative brominated flame retardants (BFRs), Dechlorane Plus (DP) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were investigated during a sampling cruise from the East Indian Archipelago toward the Indian Ocean and further to the Southern Ocean. Elevated concentrations were observed over the East Indian Archipelago, especially of the non-PBDE BFR hexabromobenzene (HBB) with concentrations up to 26 pg m(-3) which were found to be related to continental air masses from the East Indian Archipelago. Other alternative BFRs- pentabromotoulene (PBT), pentabromobenzene (PBBz), and 2,3-dibromopropyl-2,4,6-tribromophenyl ether (DPTE)-were elevated, too, with concentrations up to 2.8, 4.3, and 2.3 pg m(-3), respectively. DP was detected from 0.26 to 11 pg m(-3) and bis-(2-ethylhexyl)-tetrabromophthalate (TBPH) ranged from not detected (nd) to 2.8 pg m(-3), respectively. PBDEs ranged from nd to 6.6 pg m(-3) (Σ(10)PBDEs) with the highest individual concentrations for BDE-209. The approach of Clausius-Clapeyron (CC) plots indicates that HBB is dominated by long-range atmospheric transport at lower temperatures over the Indian and Southern Ocean, while volatilization processes and additional atmospheric emissions dominate at higher temperatures. In contrast, BDE-28 and -47 are dominated by long-range transport without fresh emissions over the entire cruise transect and temperature range, indicating limited fresh emissions of the meanwhile classic PBDEs. 相似文献
87.
L. C. Lenchyshyn M. L. W. Thewalt J. C. Sturm P. V. Schwartz N. L. Rowell J. -P. Noël D. C. Houghton 《Journal of Electronic Materials》1993,22(2):233-238
We have recently found that high quantum efficiency can be achieved in strained Si1−xGex alloy layers through the elimination of nonradiative channels. We observed a photoluminescence process in SiGe grown on 〈100232A;
silicon by rapid thermal chemical vapor deposition, which was attributed to free excitons localized by random fluctuations
in alloy composition. The external quantum efficiency of this process was measured directly for a single Si0.75Ge0.25 quantum well and found to be extraordinarily high, about 11.5 ± 2%. In this paper, we present additional data on the localized
exciton photoluminescence, including temperature dependence, time decay curves, and effects of sample annealing. 相似文献
88.
The quantitation of intracellular beta-galactosidase activity has been described for viable cells. By using the fluorogenic substrate fluorescein-di-beta-D-galactopyranoside (FDG) in conjunction with flow cytometry, the proportion of positive cells as well as the level of expression can be determined. In this paper we describe beta-galactosidase expression in lymphoid and myeloid cells from transgenic mice that widely express beta-galactosidase from an inserted lacZ transgene. Both foetal and adult haematopoietic tissues are able to express beta-galactosidase. The intracellular fluorescence reflecting beta-galactosidase activity can be readily combined with fluorescently labelled antibodies against cell surface antigens. Thus, beta-galactosidase can be used as a marker in transplantation experiments to study the development of lymphoid and myeloid precursor cells. 相似文献
89.
NS Sturm Y Lin SK Burley JL Krstenansky JM Ahn BY Azizeh D Trivedi VJ Hruby 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,41(15):2693-2700
We have designed and synthesized eight compounds 2-9 which incorporate various amino acid residues in positions 17, 18, and 21 of the glucagon molecule: 2, [Lys17]glucagon amide; 3, [Lys18]glucagon amide; 4, [Nle17,Lys18,Glu21]glucagon amide; 5, [Orn17,18, Glu21]glucagon amide; 6, [d-Arg17]glucagon; 7, [d-Arg18]glucagon; 8, [d-Phe17]glucagon; and 9, [d-Phe18]glucagon. Compared to glucagon (IC50 = 1.5 nM), analogues 2-9 were found to have binding affinity IC50 values (in nM) of 0.7, 4.1, 1.0, 2.0, 5.0, 25.0, 43.0, and 32.0, respectively. When these compounds were tested for their ability to stimulate adenylate cyclase (AC) activity, they were found to be full or partial agonists having maximum stimulation values of 100, 100, 100, 100, 87, 78, 94, and 100%, respectively. On the basis of the X-ray crystal structure of [Lys17,18,Glu21]glucagon amide reported here, the ability to form a salt bridge between Lys18 and Glu21 is probably key to their increased binding and second messenger activities. Among the eight analogues synthesized here, only analogue 4 preserves the ability to form a salt bridge between Lys18 and Glu21. However, since these modifications are minor they do not seem to change the amphiphilic character of the C-terminus, allowing these analogues to reach 78-100% stimulation in the adenylate cyclase assay. Biological data from analogues 6-9 supports the idea that position 18 of glucagon may influence binding only, while position 17 may influence both receptor recognition and transduction. 相似文献
90.