Nuclear data sheets for A = 158

Experimental nuclear data for nuclides with mass 158 are presented.All nuclei with Z between 62 and 72 with the exception of Lu (Z=71) have been reported for this mass number. Although gammas in ¹⁵⁸Eu ground-state decay have recently been studied with better accuracy, there is uncertainty regarding β-feeding of ¹⁵⁸Gd levels. The study of ¹⁵⁷Gd(n,γ) reaction with a crystal diffraction spectrometer has enabled the determination of ¹⁵⁸Gd levels with greater precision. However, there remain a large number of unassigned gamma transitions seen in (n,γ) reaction; also the conversion electron data from n-capture studies could not easily be correlated with other available data on ¹⁵⁸Gd. There is ambiguity regarding the Q⁺-value in (ε/β⁺)-decay of ¹⁵⁸Ho. It is also not clear which of the gammas seen in ¹⁵⁸Ho decay are due to the direct feeding of ¹⁵⁸Dy levels by the 27-m ^158mHo state.Unless indicated otherwise, all energies given in the following pages are in MeV. Every effort has been made to include all data available prior to July 1, 1973. Some of the older data have been omitted or referenced under “other measurements.”     

Endocardial detection of repolarization alternans

Repolarization alternans (RPA) is prognostic of sudden cardiac death and is thought to be mechanistically linked to the initiation of ventricular tachyarrhythmias. Thus, implantable cardiac device detection of RPA may be therapeutically valuable. Because alternans detection is currently limited to surface electrocardiograms, we investigated whether RPA could be measured using a single right-ventricular endocardial lead in humans. Such a location was chosen because it is consistent with the requirements for long-term implantable-device implementation. During diagnostic electrophysiological testing, 28 patients (23 male, 5 female; 61 +/- 15 years) were evaluated for surface T-wave alternans (TWA; the current "gold standard" for RPA detection) and endocardial RPA during 5 min of 550-ms right-atrial pacing. Power spectral analysis indicated that 11/28 patients had both surface TWA and endocardial RPA, 9/28 patients had neither, and 8/28 patients had discordant results (71% concordance; p = 0.02). Importantly, unlike surface TWA, endocardial RPA was detectable on a beat-to-beat basis. Given the putative mechanistic link between RPA and ventricular arrhythmias, beat-to-beat endocardial RPA detection might be of diagnostic or therapeutic utility.     

Nuclear data sheets for A = 143

Experimental nuclear structure information, based upon radioative decay and nuclear reaction studies, is presented for all known nuclides with mass 143. The arguments for J^π assignments and the level energies often derived by the evaluators are given in the “Adopted Leves” sections. The measurement techniques, methods of analysis, and assumptions used by the authors are indicated by evaluators' comments with various data sections.     

Filter performance of reduced sized defect photonic crystals based on single‐negative materials

Single‐ and multiple‐channeled filters based on single‐negative (SNG) photonic crystals with inversion defects have been demonstrated theoretically. Omnidirectional filters with wide angular apertures and multiple‐channeled filters at normal incidence have been reported. Sharp, high transmission peaks with frequencies lying within the SNG range are obtained. By variation of the structural parameters these structures can also be made to function as tunable or polarizing filters, though the frequencies of the transmission modes in these two cases will lie outside the SNG range. A significant feature of all the filter types discussed is the drastic reduction in size of the proposed structures in comparison to those reported earlier. This implies easier fabrication methods and lower cost. Improved performance of devices has been achieved by proper placement of defects.     

Effect of inter-electrode spacing on structural and electrical properties of RF sputtered AlN films

An attempt has been made to correlate the morphological and electrical properties of RF sputtered aluminum nitride (AlN), with target to substrate distance (D _ts) in sputter chamber. AlN films, having thickness around 3,000 Å, were deposited on silicon substrates with different D _ts values varying from 5 to 8 cm. XRD results indicated that the crystallinity of c-axis oriented films increase significantly with decrease in D _ts and the FTIR absorption band of the films became prominent at shorter D _ts. The surface roughness increased from 1.85 to 2.45 nm with that in D _ts. A smooth surface with smaller grains was found at shorter D _ts. The capacitance–voltage (C–V) measurements revealed that the insulator charge density (Q _in) increased from 3.3 × 10¹¹  to 7.3 × 10¹¹ cm^?2 and the interface state density (D _it) from 1.5 × 10¹¹  to 7.3 × 10¹¹ eV^?1cm^?2 with the increase in D _ts.     

Arsenate exposure affects amino acids, mineral nutrient status and antioxidants in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes

Simulated pot experiments were conducted on four rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes (Triguna, IR-36, PNR-519, and IET-4786) to examine the effects of As(V) on amino acids and mineral nutrient status in grain along with antioxidant response to arsenic exposure. Rice genotypes responded differentially to As(V) exposure in terms of amino acids and antioxidant profiles. Total amino acid content in grains of all rice genotypes was positively correlated with arsenic accumulation. While, most of the essential amino acids increased in all cultivars except IR-36, glutamic acid and glycine increased in IET-4786 and PNR-519. The level of nonprotein thiols (NPTs) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1), glutathione reductase (GR; EC 1.6.4.2) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX; EC 1.11.1.11) increased in all rice cultivars except IET-4786. A significant genotypic variation was also observed in specific arsenic uptake (SAU; mg kg(-1)dw), which was in the order of Triguna (134) > IR-36 (71) > PNR-519 (53) > IET-4786 (29). Further, application of As(V) at lower doses (4 and 8 mg L(-1) As) enhanced the accumulation of selenium (Se) and other nutrients (Fe, P, Zn, and S), however, higher dose (12 mg L(-1) As) limits the nutrient uptake in rice. In conclusion, low As accumulating genotype, IET-4786, which also had significantly induced level of essential amino acids, seems suitable for cultivation in moderately As contaminated soil and would be safe for human consumption.     

A circuit simulation compatible surface acoustic wave interdigital transducer macro-model

In the present work, a surface acoustic wave (SAW) interdigital transducer (IDT) has been modeled as a resistance-inductance-capacitance (RLC) network. The model includes the effects of metal shorting and energy storage at metal discontinuities, as well as an arbitrary polarity sequence of fingers. A C++ program generates the equivalent electrical circuit, which is directly simulated by Simulation Program with Integrated Circuit Emphasis (SPICE), a popular electrical circuit simulator. Simulations compare well with reported experimental results, validating the proposed model.     

Role of alkyl moieties in the antiwear and antioxidant performance of alkyl phosphorodithioates

Phosphorodithioate derivatives having different alkyl substitu‐ents have been synthesised, while keeping the core phosphorus‐sulphur moiety intact. The change in antiwear, extreme‐pressure, and antioxidant properties with the variation in sub‐stituents at oxygen and at sulphur linkages in the phosphorodithioates has been studied. The role of the heteroatoms with regard to the alkyl substituents has been examined. The experimental data show that the chemical structure of an additive influences its physicochemical and tribological properties.     

Additive‐additive interactions: The search for synergistic antioxidant—antiwear phosphorodithioate compositions

Additive‐additive interactions between zinc dialkylphosphorodithioates and ashless alkylaminophosphorodithioates have been studied with the object of reducing the zinc level in the lubricant formulations. Various combinations of these components were evaluated for their antiwear and antioxidant properties using four‐ball and differential scanning calorimetry techniques.