We have developed a playmate robot system for playing the rock-paper-scissors game with humans. The playmate robot recognizes
the hand motions of a human using image processing without attaching any additional units to the human. The playmate robot
system consists of three parts: a game management part, a hand motion recognition part, and a robot hand control part. The
system functions as follows. (1) Before the game is played, the game management part decides on the motion of the robot hand
from amongst rock, paper, and scissors. After the game is played, the robot develops a reaction using speech and facial expressions
depending on the result of the game. (2) The hand motion recognition part recognizes the hand motion of the human. It does
not use any additional units on the human’s body, only a camera on the robot. (3) The robot hand control part shows the motion
of the robot hand. A robot hand has four fingers that are controlled independently. We have played the rock-paper-scissors
game with this playmate robot. 相似文献
It is understood that grain boundary cavitation is one of the detrimental processes for the degradation of materials that reduces the creep-fatigue life at high temperatures. In a previous investigation, a model for life prediction under creep-fatigue conditions was proposed in terms of cavity nucleation and growth. In that model, the cavity nucleation factor (P) was introduced to correlate between the number of cavities and the plastic strain range from which athermal vacancies are generated. It was considered to be a material specific constant which was independent of the experimental conditions. However, in this study, it is found that the cavity nucleation factor is a function of the plastic strain range but is independent of the testing temperature at near 0.5 Tm. In the light of this dependency, a new cavity nucleation factor (P'), is introduced. Using this new cavity nucleation factor (P'), a modified equation for life prediction is proposed, and it is shown that there is good agreement between predicted and experimental lives. Additionally, an interesting approach has been made to find the physical meaning of the new cavity nucleation factor (P'). According to this study, it is suggested that the new cavity nucleation factor, which is regarded as a material specific constant, is found to be strongly related to the density of the grain boundary precipitates with a linear relationship existing between them. 相似文献
The aim of this study is to evaluate brain regions related with excessive binocular disparity that may be linked to stereoscopic visual fatigue. In stereoscopic displays, excessive binocular disparity may generate blurring or double vision in the stereovision and induce unnatural oscillations in accommodation and vergence. These phenomena may lead to visual fatigue and activation (or deactivation) of human brain related with sensory and eye movement functions. A functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) method is used to investigate the effect of excessive binocular disparity on human brain. Subjective assessments of visual fatigue are also conducted with the same stimuli as the fMRI experiment. Based on the subjective assessment results, participants are classified into low‐ and high‐fatigue groups. From the fMRI experiments, the high‐fatigue group showed more activation at the intraparietal sulcus (IPS) than the low‐fatigue group, when viewing an excessive disparity stimulus. The results showed that the excessive binocular disparity stimulus may induce overload to the IPS region, which is related with stereo processing and saccadic eye movement. In addition, it could be possible to use fMRI as an objective measurement method for understanding the stereoscopic visual fatigue when stimuli with excessive binocular disparity are applied. 相似文献
The growth pattern of γ precipitates in the grains and at the grain boundaries has been investigated in a Ni-24Co-4Al-4Ti-5Cr-5Mo
(weight percent) alloy of very small lattice misfit between the precipitate and the matrix phases under varying heat-treatment
conditions. When aged at temperatures lower than the solvus temperature (Ts = 1150 °C) by more than 30 °C after direct cooling from the solution-treatment temperature, the nucleation density is high.
In this condition, the supersaturation is quickly removed because of the overlapping diffusion fields and the precipitates
undergo Ostwald ripening from the early stage. The precipitates then have an equilibrium shape of spheres in the grains and
truncated spheres at nearly straight grain boundaries. The precipitates at the grain boundaries are coherent with one of the
grains, and their number density is not much larger than that in the grains, apparently because of a large contact angle (about
150 deg) with the grain boundary. Quenching the alloy after the solution treatment and aging at any temperature also produce
high precipitate number density and equilibrium shapes. When aged at temperatures just belowTs (above 1140 °C), the nucleation density is low, the precipitates grow dendritically in the grains, and the grain boundaries
become serrated. The observed dendritic growth characteristics do not quantitatively agree with the predictions of Mullins
and Sekerka theory, but the discrepancy may be due to the uncertainties in both the observed and calculated quantities. By
deeply etching the matrix, it is shown that the grain boundary serration is produced by the precipitates growing preferentially
in the direction of the incoherent boundary because of the rapid solute diffusion along the grain boundary. The dendritic
growth and grain boundary serration can be obtained also by slowly cooling through the temperature range just belowTs. 相似文献
ZnO on Si(3)N(4) bimorphs have shown large deflections with quadratic dependence on applied voltages. Several effects are suggested that might explain these large deflections. No conclusion on the origin of these large deflections can yet be given. 相似文献
Recently, pedestrian detection systems have become an important technology in the development of the advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) for the autonomous car. The histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) is currently the most basic algorithm for detecting pedestrians, but it treats the entire body of the pedestrian as one single feature. In other words, if the entire body of the pedestrian is not visible, the detection rate under HOG decreases markedly. To solve this problem, we propose a detection system using a deformable part model (DPM) that divides the pedestrian data into two parts using a latent support vector machine (SVM)-based machine-learning technique. Experimental results show that our approach achieves better performance in a detection system than the existing method. In practice, there are many occlusions in the environment in front of the vehicle. For example, the surrounding transport facilities, such as a car or another obstacle, can occlude a pedestrian. These occlusions can increase the false detection rate and cause difficulties during the detection process. Our proposed method uses a different approach and can easily be applied in real-world scenarios, regardless of occlusions.
In this paper, we describe a numerical study about the performance improvement of a mixed-flow pump by optimizing the design of the impeller and diffuser using a commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code and design-of-experiments (DOE). The design variables of impeller and diffuser in the vane plane development were defined with a fixed meridional plane. The design variables were defined by the vane plane development, which indicates the blade-angle distributions and length of the impeller and diffuser. The vane plane development was controlled using the blade-angle in a fixed meridional plane. The blade shape of the impeller and diffuser were designed using a traditional method in which the inlet and exit angles are connected smoothly. First, the impeller optimum design was performed with impeller design variables. The diffuser optimum design was performed with diffuser design variables while the optimally designed impeller shape was fixed. The importance of the impeller and diffuser design variables was analyzed using 2k factorial designs, and the design optimization of the impeller and diffuser design variables was determined using the response surface method (RSM). The objective functions were defined as the total head (Ht) and the total efficiency (?t) at the design flow rate. The optimally designed model was verified using numerical analysis, and the numerical analysis results for both the optimum model and the reference model were compared to determine the reasons for the improved pump performance. A pump performance test was carried out for the optimum model, and its reliability was proved by a comparative analysis of the results of the numerical analysis and an experiment using the optimum model. 相似文献
A programed light‐responsive chiral liquid crystal (LC) containing four photochromic azobenzene moieties covalently connected to a central bicyclic chiral core (abbreviated as AZ4ICD) is newly designed, precisely synthesized, and efficiently applied as a remote‐controllable molecular knob for the optically tunable thin film. First of all, phase evolutions and ordered structures of AZ4ICD are systematically investigated by a combination of thermal, microscopic, scattering, and simulation techniques. Wide‐angle X‐ray diffractions of oriented AZ4ICD samples indicate that the AZ4ICD molecule itself basically forms layer structures: one is a low‐ordered chiral smectic A LC phase (SmA*) with 5.61 nm layer periodicity at high temperatures, and two highly ordered smectic crystal (SmCr1 and SmCr2) phases are subsequently formed at lower temperatures with the anticlinically tilted molecular packing structures. The helical superstructures of chiral nematic LC phase (N*) can be spontaneously constructed by doping AZ4ICD chiral agents into the achiral nematic molecules. Due to the bent conformational geometry of AZ4ICD, the thermal window of blue LC phase (BP) is expanded by stabilizing the double twisted cylindrical building blocks. Remote‐controllable phase transformations in the mesomorphic helical superstructures are demonstrated by tuning the wavelength of light. 相似文献