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21.
Kien Tiek Wong Boris Brigljević Jeong Hyeon Lee So Yeon Yoon Seok Byum Jang Choe Earn Choong Inwook Nah Hyeongjun Kim Hyun-Seog Roh Sang Kyu Kwak Hankwon Lim Min Jang 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2023,19(1):2204336
This study focuses on the applicability of single-atom Mo-doped graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) nanosheets which are specifically engineered with high surface area (exfoliated GCN), NH2 rich edges, and maximum utilization of isolated atomic Mo for propylene carbonate (PC) production through CO2 cycloaddition of propylene oxide (PO). Various operational parameters are optimized, for example, temperature (130 °C), pressure (20 bar), catalyst (Mo2GCN), and catalyst mass (0.1 g). Under optimal conditions, 2% Mo-doped GCN (Mo2GCN) has the highest catalytic performance, especially the turnover frequency (TOF) obtained, 36.4 h−1 is higher than most reported studies. DFT simulations prove the catalytic performance of Mo2GCN significantly decreases the activation energy barrier for PO ring-opening from 50–60 to 4.903 kcal mol−1. Coexistence of Lewis acid/base group improves the CO2 cycloaddition performance by the formation of coordination bond between electron-deficient Mo atom with O atom of PO, while NH2 surface group disrupts the stability of CO2 bond by donating electrons into its low-level empty orbital. Steady-state process simulation of the industrial-scale consumes 4.4 ton h−1 of CO2 with PC production of 10.2 ton h−1. Techno-economic assessment profit from Mo2GCN is estimated to be 60.39 million USD year−1 at a catalyst loss rate of 0.01 wt% h−1. 相似文献
22.
Jung Hyeon Bae Gun Hee Kim Woong Hee Jeong Hyun Jae Kim 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2011,19(5):404-409
Abstract— Non‐volatile memory effects of an all‐solution‐processed oxide thin‐film transistor (TFT) with ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) as the charge‐trapping layer are reported. The device was fabricated by using a soluble MgInZnO active channel on a ZrHfOx gate dielectric. ZnO NPs were used as the charge‐trapping site at the gate‐insulator—channel interface, and Al was used for source and drain electrodes. Transfer characteristics of the device showed a large clockwise hysteresis, which can be used to demonstrate its memory function due to electron trapping in the ZnO NP charge‐trapping layer. This memory effect has the potential to be utilized as a memory application on displays and disposable electronics. 相似文献
23.
Hyeon Bae Tae-Ryong Jeon Sungshin Kim Hyun-Soo Kim Dongseop Kim Seung-Soo Han Gary S. May 《Soft Computing - A Fusion of Foundations, Methodologies and Applications》2010,14(2):161-169
This study describes techniques for the cascade modeling and the optimization that are required to conduct the simulator-based
process optimization of solar cell fabrication. Two modeling approaches, neural networks and genetic programming, are employed
to model the crucial relation for the consecutively connected two processes in solar cell fabrication. One model (Model 1)
is used to map the five inputs (time, amount of nitrogen and DI water in surface texturing and temperature and time in emitter
diffusion) to the two outputs (reflectance and sheet resistance) of the first process. The other model (Model 2) is used to
connect the two inputs (reflectance and sheet resistance) to the one output (efficiency) of the second process. After modeling
of the two processes, genetic algorithms and particle swarm optimization were applied to search for the optimal recipe. In
the first optimization stage, we searched for the optimal reflectance and sheet resistance that can provide the best efficiency
in the fabrication process. The optimized reflectance and sheet resistance found by the particle swarm optimization were better
than those found by the genetic algorithm. In the second optimization stage, the five input parameters were searched by using
the reflectance and sheet resistance values obtained in the first stage. The found five variables such as the texturing time,
amount of nitrogen, DI water, diffusion time, and temperature are used as a recipe for the solar cell fabrication. The amount
of nitrogen, DI water, and diffusion time in the optimized recipes showed considerable differences according to the modeling
approaches. More importantly, repeated applications of particle swarm optimization yielded process conditions with smaller
variations, implying greater consistency in recipe generation. 相似文献
24.
A method of stepwise benchmarking for inefficient DMUs based on the proximity-based target selection
Shaneth A. Estrada Hee Seok Song Young Ae Kim Su Hyeon Namn Shin Cheol Kang 《Expert systems with applications》2009,36(9):11595-11604
DEA is a useful nonparametric method of measuring the relative efficiency of a DMU and yielding a reference target for an inefficient DMU. However, it is very difficult for inefficient DMUs to be efficient by benchmarking a target DMU which has different input use. Identifying appropriate benchmarks based on the similarity of input endowment makes it easier for an inefficient DMU to imitate its target DMUs. But it is rare to find out a target DMU, which is both the most efficient and similar in input endowments, in real situation. Therefore, it is necessary to provide an optimal path to the most efficient DMU on the frontier through several times of a proximity-based target selection process. We propose a dynamic method of stepwise benchmarking for inefficient DMUs to improve their efficiency gradually.The empirical study is conducted to compare the performance between the proposed method and the prior methods with a dataset collected from Canadian Bank branches. The comparison result shows that the proposed method is very practical to obtain a gradual improvement for inefficient DMUs while it assures to reach frontier eventually. 相似文献
25.
A small‐area and low‐power data driver IC using two‐stage DAC with a capacitor array for active matrix flat‐panel displays
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Hyeon‐Cheon Seol Seong‐Kwan Hong Oh‐Kyong Kwon 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2017,25(1):4-11
A small‐area and low‐power data driver integrated circuit (IC) using a two‐stage digital‐to‐analog converter (DAC) with a capacitor array is proposed for active matrix flat‐panel displays. The proposed data driver IC employs a capacitor array in the two‐stage DAC so as to reduce the DAC area and eliminate the need for a resistor string, which has high‐power consumption. To verify the proposed two‐stage DAC, a 20‐channel data driver IC with the proposed 10‐bit two‐stage DAC was fabricated using a 0.18‐μm complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor process with 1.8 and 6 V complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor devices. The proposed 10‐bit two‐stage DAC occupies only 43.8% of the area of a conventional 10‐bit two‐stage DAC. The measurement results show that the differential nonlinearity and integral nonlinearity are +0.58/?0.52 least significant bit and +0.62/?0.59 least significant bit, respectively. The measured interchannel deviation of the voltage outputs is 8.8 mV, and the measured power consumption of the 20‐channel data driver IC is reduced to 7.1 mW, which is less than half of the power consumed by the conventional one. 相似文献
26.
Jino Heo Min-Sung Kang Chang-Ho Hong Hyeon Yang Seong-Gon Choi 《Quantum Information Processing》2017,16(1):24
We propose quantum information processing schemes based on cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) for quantum communication. First, to generate entangled states (Bell and Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger [GHZ] states) between flying photons and three-level atoms inside optical cavities, we utilize a controlled phase flip (CPF) gate that can be implemented via cavity QED). Subsequently, we present an entanglement swapping scheme that can be realized using single-qubit measurements and CPF gates via optical cavities. These schemes can be directly applied to construct an entanglement channel for a communication system between two users. Consequently, it is possible for the trust center, having quantum nodes, to accomplish the linked channel (entanglement channel) between the two separate long-distance users via the distribution of Bell states and entanglement swapping. Furthermore, in our schemes, the main physical component is the CPF gate between the photons and the three-level atoms in cavity QED, which is feasible in practice. Thus, our schemes can be experimentally realized with current technology. 相似文献
27.
Won Tae Lee Jae Wook Lee Hyeon Yong Jang Seoung Jae Im SeGi Yu Jong Min Kim 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2001,9(1):35-40
A new protecting layer, a LaF3‐coated MgO layer, in color AC‐plasma‐display panels (PDPs) was studied in order to overcome the weakness of the conventional single MgO protecting layer. The material characteristics of the new layer were examined by using variations in the deposition process. The display characteristics were also examined by implementing their processes to actual PDPs. It was demonstrated that this method is effective in lowering the firing and sustaining voltages of PDPs and enhancing the brightness of the panel as well. 相似文献
28.
Microstructures and tensile behavior of carbon nanotube reinforced Cu matrix nanocomposites 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Kyung Tae Kim Seung Il Cha Seong Hyeon Hong Soon Hyung Hong 《Materials Science and Engineering: A》2006,430(1-2):27-33
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been considered as an ideal reinforcement to improve the mechanical performance of monolithic materials. However, the CNT/metal nanocomposites have shown lower strength than expected. In this study, the CNT reinforced Cu matrix nanocomposites were fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) of high energy ball-milled nano-sized Cu powders with multi-wall CNTs, and followed by cold rolling process. The microstructure of CNT/Cu nanocomposites consists of two regions including CNT/Cu composite region, where most CNTs are distributed, and CNT free Cu matrix region. The stress–strain curves of CNT/Cu nanocomposites show a two-step yielding behavior, which is caused from the microstructural characteristics consisting of two regions and the load transfer between these regions. The CNT/Cu nanocomposites show a tensile strength of 281 MPa, which is approximately 1.6 times higher than that of monolithic Cu. It is confirmed that the key issue to enhance the strength of CNT/metal nanocomposite is homogeneous distribution of CNTs. 相似文献
29.
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were grown using a dc arc discharge process and relevant process parameters were investigated. Unlike the usual process in which a carbon anode is filled with metal catalyst powder, CNTs were prepared using a carbon cathode on which the metal catalyst had been deposited using an electroplating system. Various transition metals were investigated. The results show that multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) and single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) can both be synthesized using this technique. SWNTs are detected in the soot sample collected around the cathode, whereas the MWNTs are detected mainly in the deposit sample collected from the central area of the cathode. The CNT yield varies depending on the catalyst used and the properties of a good catalyst are discussed. 相似文献
30.
In this review, the progress made in the last ten years concerning the synthesis of porous carbon materials is summarized. Porous carbon materials with various pore sizes and pore structures have been synthesized using several different routes. Microporous activated carbons have been synthesized through the activation process. Ordered microporous carbon materials have been synthesized using zeolites as templates. Mesoporous carbons with a disordered pore structure have been synthesized using various methods, including catalytic activation using metal species, carbonization of polymer/polymer blends, carbonization of organic aerogels, and template synthesis using silica nanoparticles. Ordered mesoporous carbons with various pore structures have been synthesized using mesoporous silica materials such as MCM‐48, HMS, SBA‐15, MCF, and MSU‐X as templates. Ordered mesoporous carbons with graphitic pore walls have been synthesized using soft‐carbon sources that can be converted to highly ordered graphite at high temperature. Hierarchically ordered mesoporous carbon materials have been synthesized using various designed silica templates. Some of these mesoporous carbon materials have successfully been used as adsorbents for bulky pollutants, as electrodes for supercapacitors and fuel cells, and as hosts for enzyme immobilization. Ordered macroporous carbon materials have been synthesized using colloidal crystals as templates. One‐dimensional carbon nanostructured materials have been fabricated using anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) as a template. 相似文献