X-ray diffraction of permalloy nanoparticles fabricated by laser ablation in water

Permalloy (NiFeMo) nanoparticles were fabricated by laser ablation of bulk material in water with a UV pulsed laser. Transmission electron microscope images showed that approximately spherical particles about 50 nm in diameter were formed in the ablation process. All diffraction peaks corresponding to the bulk material were present in the nanoparticles. In addition to these peaks several new peaks were observed in the nanoparticles, which were attributed to nickel oxide.     

Fischer–Tropsch synthesis: Effect of CO2 containing syngas over Pt promoted Co/γ-Al2O3 and K-promoted Fe catalysts

The effect of CO₂ was studied for cobalt and iron Fischer–Tropsch (FT) synthesis. CO₂ behaves differently in the presence of CO over cobalt and iron catalysts in terms of hydrogenation. A systematic increase of the CO₂ mole fraction of carbon in the feed gas mixture alters the product distribution dramatically for cobalt FT synthesis with CO₂ behaving like an inert gas at higher partial pressure of CO. With cobalt, CO appears to compete with CO₂ for adsorption. Using an iron FT catalyst, hydrogenation of CO₂ was effected due to the presence of the reverse water–gas shift activity of the catalyst which converts CO₂ to hydrocarbons through the formation of CO. Unlike the cobalt catalyst, the product distribution was only slightly altered with increasing CO₂ content in the feed gas mixture to the iron catalyst. This difference in behavior of CO₂ over cobalt and iron could be attributed to the absence of reverse water–gas shift activity on cobalt and hydrogenation of CO₂ to hydrocarbons—other than methane—will be derived through the formation of CO.     

Scheduling of machines and automated guided vehicles in FMS using differential evolution

This paper addresses the problem of simultaneous scheduling of machines and two identical automated guided vehicles (AGVs) in a flexible manufacturing system (FMS). For solving this problem, a new meta-heuristic differential evolution (DE) algorithm is proposed. The problem consists of two interrelated problems, scheduling of machines and scheduling of AGVs. A simultaneous scheduling of these, in order to minimise the makespan will result in a FMS being able to complete all the jobs assigned to it at the earliest time possible, thus saving resources. An increase in the performance of the FMS under consideration would be expected as a result of making the scheduling of AGVs as an integral part of the overall scheduling activity. The algorithm is tested by using problems generated by various researchers and the makespan obtained by the algorithm is compared with that obtained by other researchers and analysed.     

Double‐wall carbon nanotube‐reinforced polyester nanocomposites: Improved dispersion and mechanical properties

Double‐walled carbon nanotube (DWCNT)‐reinforced polyester nanocomposites were prepared and tested to characterize their mechanical properties. The DWCNTs were functionalized to improve their dispersion within the polyester matrix. The improvement in the mechanical properties shows that the functionalized DWCNTs have better distribution within, and good adhesion with, the polyester matrix. A comparison of the mechanical properties of nanocomposites reinforced by functionalized and nonfunctionalized DWCNTs confirms that the functionalization leads to substantially improved composites. POLYM. COMPOS., 2012. © 2012 Society of Plastics Engineers     

2-[(E)-{(1S,2R)-1-Hydroxy-1-phenylpropan-2-ylimino}methyl]phenol for Inhibition of Acid Corrosion of Mild Steel

2-[(E)-{(1S,2R)-1-hydroxy-1-phenylpropan-2-ylimino}methyl]phenol has been synthesized and its influence on corrosion of mild steel in 1?M HCl solution has been studied by means of weight loss and electrochemical measurements under various circumstances. The inhibitor showed a maximum of 91?% of inhibition efficiency at 100?ppm. Interestingly, the inhibition efficiency has decreased on increasing the inhibitor concentration. This abnormal behavior is attributed to the release of phenolic hydrogen from the molecule. The mechanism of corrosion inhibition follows Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The negative ?G _ads indicates the spontaneous adsorption of the inhibitor on mild steel surface. Potentiodynamic polarization studies show that it is a mixed type inhibitor with predominant cathodic inhibition. UV?CVisible spectroscopy of the inhibitor and inhibitor adsorbed on the mild steel confirmed the chemical interaction of the inhibitor with the metal surface.     

Infiltration and sustenance of viability of cells by amphiphilic biosynthetic biodegradable hydrogels

Amphiphilic biosynthetic hydrogels comprising natural polysaccharide alginate (I) and synthetic polyester polypropylene fumarate (II) units were prepared by crosslinking the copolymer of I and II with calcium ion and vinyl monomers viz, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl methacrylate (BMA) and N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide (NMBA). Three fast degradable hydrogels, ALPF-MMA, ALPF-HEMA and ALPF-BMA and one slow degradable hydrogel ALPF-NMBA were prepared. These hydrogels are amphiphilic and able to hold sufficient amount of proteins on their surfaces. All these hydrogels are found to be hemocompatible, cytocompatible and genocompatible. ALPF-NMBA promotes infiltration of L929 fibroblasts and 3D growth of H9c2 cardiomyoblasts and long-term viability.     

Automated building and road classifications from hyperspectral imagery through a fully convolutional network and support vector machine

The Journal of Supercomputing - Hyperspectral imagery facilitates the determination of various urban-correlated characteristics, such as features on the Earth's surface, including roads, trees,...     

Formation of face-contact interaction in 2D/2D/2D heterostructure ternary nanocomposites of g-C3N4/MoS2/GO for effective photocatalytic activity against the organic pollutants under the visible light irradiation

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - Face-contact heterojunctions in 2D materials effectively separate the charge carriers and enhance the degradation efficiency of the...