离散二进小波变换及其在电机故障分析中的应用

首次将小波分析理论应用于电机故障分析。小波分析在８０年代末才开始应用于工程技术领域，由于它克服了傅里叶变换不能对信号进行局部分析这一严重缺点，同时有很强的特征提取功能，尤其对突变信号的处理，表现出非常明显的优点，从而使小波分析的应用具有非常广阔的前景。本文较系统地给出了离散信号的二进小波变换及快速算法，并以同步发电机单相短路为例进行了实例分析，获得了满意的结果。     

Thermal oxidation‐induced long chain branching and its effect on phase separation kinetics of a polyethylene blend

Thermal oxidation‐induced long chain branching (LCB) during the molding processes for polyolefin copolymer poly(ethylene‐co‐butene) (PEB) and its blend with another polyolefin copolymer poly(ethylene‐co‐hexene) (PEH/PEB 50/50 blend, denoted as H50) was investigated mainly by rheological measurements. LCB with different levels could be introduced on PEB backbones by changing the molding temperature and/or molding time, which could be sensitively characterized by changes of rheological parameters, that is, storage modulus G′ and complex viscosity η*. Thermal oxidation‐induced LCB of PEB in H50 samples could largely influence the phase separation kinetics. Rheological measurements and phase‐contrast optical microscope observations coherently indicated that thermal oxidation‐induced LCB of PEB more or less retarded the development of phase separation and once it reached a certain level, the reduced chain diffusion even arrested phase separation. The decrease of mass‐averaged molecular mass in H50 with high LCB level was ascribed to the reduced hydrodynamic volume. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Structure and melt rheology of long‐chain branching polypropylene/clay nanocomposites

Long‐chain branching polypropylene (LCB‐PP)/clay nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending in a twin‐screw extruder. The microstructure and melt rheology of these nanocomposites were investigated using x‐ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, oscillatory shear rheology, and melt elongation testing. The results show that, the clay layers are intercalated by polymer molecular chains and exfoliate well in LCB‐PP matrix in the presence of maleic anhydride grafted PP. Rheological characteristics, such as higher storage modulus at low‐frequency and solid‐like plateau in tan‐ω curve, indicate that a compact and stable filler network structure is formed when clay is loaded at 4 phr (parts per hundred parts of) or higher. The response of the nanocomposite under melt extension reveals an initial decrease in the melt strength and elongational viscosity with increasing clay concentration up to 6 phr. Later, the melt strength and elongational viscosity show slight increases with further increasing clay concentration. These results might be caused by a reduction in the molecular weight of the LCB‐PP matrix and by the intercalation of LCB‐PP molecular chains into the clay layers. Increases in the melt strength and elongational viscosity for the nanocomposites with decreasing extrusion temperature are also observed, which is due to flow‐induced crystallization under lower extrusion temperature. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

The formation of β‐polypropylene crystals in a compatibilized blend of isotactic polypropylene and polyamide‐6

Compatibilized polypropylene (PP)/polyamide (PA6) blends with and without β nucleating agent (β‐NA) are prepared, and are designated as Blend‐0.3 and Blend‐0, respectively. The melting and crystallization characteristic of the blends crystallized under different cooling rates and different crystallization temperatures are studied. It is observed that high β‐PP content can be developed in Blend‐0.3 only at slow cooling rates (<5°C/min), whereas high α‐PP content is formed at fast cooling rates. Isothermal crystallization analysis of Blend‐0 indicates that PA6 is an effective NA for α‐PP in the lower temperature range, whereas the α‐nucleating effect disappears in the higher temperature range. Blend‐0.3 can, therefore, be viewed as a system containing both α‐ and β‐NAs, simultaneously. PA6 is competing with β‐NA in inducing PP crystallization. Under the normal injection of Blend‐0.3, the melt will be cooled through the higher temperature that favors the effectiveness of β‐NA rapidly because of the faster cooling rate. However, the α‐nucleation effect from PA6 predominate at the lower temperature. This explains the difficulty in obtaining high β‐PP content in Blend‐0.3 from injection molding. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 2011. © 2010 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Extension‐induced mechanical reinforcement in melt‐spun fibers of polyamide 66/multiwalled carbon nanotube composites

In this work, polyamide 66 (PA66) and its composites with multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) were melt spun into fibers at different draw ratios. PA66 fibers at high draw ratio demonstrate a 40% increase in tensile strength, 66% increase in modulus and a considerable increase in toughness. It is demonstrated that this reinforcement can be mainly attributed to high‐draw‐ratio‐induced good dispersion and orientation of MWNTs, particularly the enhanced interfacial adhesion between MWNT and matrix thanks to interfacial crystallization. Our work provides a simple but efficient method to achieve good dispersion and strong interfacial interaction through melt spinning. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

Broadband luminescence and emission enhancement

Three novel quinoline– and fluorene–coumarin hybrids were prepared and characterised by Fourier Transform–infrared spectroscopy, proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry. Their photoluminescence properties were investigated. All of these hybrid molecules exhibited a broadband emission from ca. 450 to 800 nm when excited by a 325 nm helium–cadmium laser at room temperature. Importantly, the fluorene–coumarin hybrid shows a very bright red emission at ca. 650 nm and displays up to a 10‐fold increase in fluorescence emission intensity, as compared with the other samples. The experimental results confirm that remarkable enhancements in the fluorescence emission intensity can be obtained by introducing a fluorene group into the azo‐bridged coumarin‐based π‐conjugated framework. The geometry structures and frontier orbitals are calculated by the ab initio Hartree–Fock method.     

基于弹塑性有限元的深挖路堑碎裂岩质边坡稳定性分析

西部地区地形地质条件复杂,对于岩体破碎、裂隙发育的边坡,前期地勘和试验工作获取到的信息非常有限,难以确定岩体力学参数统计特征.本文结合边坡施工开挖逐步揭示的工程地质信息,建立切合工程地质特征的三维弹塑性有限元模型,模拟边坡开挖过程对工程岩体岩石力学参数进行反分析,对比开挖过程测斜监测获得的位移变形,获得了接近实际情况的...     

概率法气藏储量计算中评估参数分布函数的确定

东方A气田纵向上的气水界面、平面上的含气砂体分布范围及部分储量计算参数难以确定,导致储量预测结果存在偏差.针对此问题,运用概率法合理确定油气储量评估参数分布函数,并对各参数进行了敏感性分析,进而实现对整个气田的储量评估.由于海上气田钻井资料数据较少,因此采用了三角分布函数,通过对各计算单元进行算术求和的方法预测全气田的储量.运用确定性容积法预测的探明储量与运用概率法计算的Pmean储量接近,结果较为可靠.     

基于分组拍卖的认知无线电频谱分配算法

针对传统基于拍卖的认知无线电频谱分配算法中次用户收益低、用户自私性等问题,提出了一种基于分组拍卖的认知无线电频谱分配算法.通过引入分组机制降低了拍卖的复杂度,使系统收益能较快的达到稳定;考虑到频谱分配过程中可能产生干扰问题,本算法设置了干扰半径,确保干扰范围内同一频谱不会分配给不同用户;构建次用户收益函数及竞价函数,在保证系统收益的同时提高了次用户收益;最后,为了抑制次用户拍卖过程中的自私性,建立满足真实性的收费机制,减少用户虚假报价.仿真实验验证了文中算法的合理性和有效性.     

柔性物流自动化接卸生产线工作流程优化方法

受柔性物流接卸生产线系统指令较多的影响,现有物流接卸生产线工作时间较长,为此设计一种柔性物流自动化接卸生产线工作流程优化方法.解析与分类柔性物流自动化生产线接卸指令,建立系统多模块划分标准,将柔性物流自动化接卸生产线作业时间最短作为目标函数,完成柔性物流自动化接卸生产线多模块工作流程优化.实验证明,该方法的产品加工时间...