Influence of laser geometric morphology type on SiC surface wettability

To obtain effective surface morphology to control surface wettability, this work investigated the influence of protuberant and concave morphology, which are respectively represented by circle-dimpled and micro-square-convex morphology, on surface wettability. The geometric morphologies were processed on silicon carbide (SiC) surfaces by a laser-marking machine, and surface wettability was monitored by the measurement of contact angles using the sessile drop method. Correlation analysis between contact angles and morphology parameters was conducted to determine the extent of influence. The results showed that the circle-dimpled diameter had a significant influence on surface wettability, whereas grooved width did not. Additionally, the depth of dimples and grooves exerted less influence on controlling wetting behaviors. In addition, surface wettability transformed from a superhydrophilic state to a hydrophobic state on micro-square-convex surfaces; contact angles on circle- dimpled surfaces showed a relatively slow transformation, though the surface wettability also underwent the state change.     

Optimisation on the two-layer stack gamma detectors of CsI(Tl) coupled with a pin photodiode for non-destructive testing

This paper proposed the two-layer stack scintillator-coupled photodiode detector to improve the measurement accuracy of the gamma-ray scanning. Both MCNPX and DETECT97 code were used to design the detector. The two manufactured two-layer stack gamma detectors were used to measure the density profile of the distillation column of the radiographic non-intrusive process diagnostic area. To compare the measurement accuracy of the density profile through the non-destructive transmission test, the relative error of the four fluids used for the process diagnostics was analysed. To summarise the measurement results with regard to the relative error of the NaI(Tl) detector and the manufactured detector by material as well as the total relative error, the total relative error of the NaI(Tl) detector was about 15.7 %, whereas that of the two-layer stack CsI(Tl) with photodiode detectors were about 5 %. This paper confirmed that the measurement accuracy of the detector proposed was improved by about three times as compared with the NaI(Tl) detector mostly used for non-destructive testing.     

蓝宝石衬底上原子级光滑AlN外延层的MOCVD生长

在蓝宝石衬底表面无氮化、低Ⅴ/Ⅲ比的情况下,采用1200℃的衬底温度、5kPa反应室气压,用MOCVD方法在蓝宝石衬底上生长出了表面原子级光滑的AlN外延层.原子力显微镜测试表明其平均粗糙度为0.44nm,X射线衍射(0002)回摆曲线FWHM为166".实验结果和分析表明,极性和气相反应是影响AlN表面形貌的主要原因.以原子级光滑的AlN为模板生长出了高质量的高Al组分的n型AlGaN,证实了AlN模板具有较好的质量.     

基于Solidworks的锚杆锚索应力传感器弹性体设计仿真分析

为使设计、分析、优化设计过程实现无缝衔接,进一步提高设计速度及有效性,通过三维仿真软件Solidworks,并利用自身模块Simulation Xpress对应力传感器元件部分的弹性体进行设计及静力学仿真分析,以此作为参考,对弹性体贴片位置的设计及弹性体有效性设计进行初步验证其可行性。通过对Solidworks仿真分析方面的各种插件进行简单介绍,使得利用Solidworks进行设计的过程中可合理选择对应的插件无缝地进行仿真,以实现优化设计,进一步提高设计的有效性及速度。     

Solar greenhouse assisted biogas plant in hilly region – A field study

The present study was undertaken with the objective of evaluating plastic as an alternative material for biogas plant on a par with conventional brick material. The field study was carried out for one year (October, 2005–September, 2006) in a small hamlet at Nilgiris incorporating solar energy to study its influence on biogas production. During summer (April–June) the temperature reaches to the maximum of 21–25 °C and the minimum of 10–12 °C. During winter (October–December), the temperature available is maximum of 16–21 °C and minimum of 2 °C. The solar insolation in the study area ranges from 250 to 600 W/m². This study involves the control conventional Deenabandhu model (Indian standard model prevailing in most part of India made of masonry structure only) and the experimental plastic tank with greenhouse canopy of similar capacity. Our previous work [Vinoth Kumar, K., Kasturi Bai, R., 2005. Plastic biodigesters – a systematic study. Energy for Sustainable Development 9 (4), 40–49] on lab scale digester made from plastic material was compared over other materials and the results gave us much confidence to carry out further study on pilot scale. In continuation, a semi-continuous study was conducted for one year with the retention time of 55 days. The gas generated from the biogas plants was utilized for cooking (burner) and lighting (lamp) purposes. The yearly average slurry temperatures recorded during the study period was 26.3 and 22.4 °C in experimental and control biogas plants against ambient temperature of 17.0 °C. The yearly average greenhouse chamber temperature recorded was 29.1 °C in the experimental biogas plant. The yearly average gas yield from the experimental and control biogas plants were 39.1 and 34.6 l kg^?1 day^?1 respectively. Gas productions in the winter season registered lower than other months. It can be concluded that the solar greenhouse assisted plastic biogas plant can be efficiently adopted with minor modifications in hilly regions since the temperature profile plays a major role in biogas production.     

基因芯片技术分析20 cGy γ射线照射人淋巴母细胞中差异表达的基因谱

应用基因芯片技术对20 cGy ^60Coγ射线照射的人淋巴母细胞和对照细胞中的mRNA表达水平进行对比杂交分析,探索差异表达基因。结果发现在所分析的14112条日的基因中差异表达显著的基因（2倍以上差异）有83条,其中表达上调的有21条,表达下降的有62条,这些基因表达产物涉及到信号转导、细胞周期调节、免疫相关蛋白、细胞骨架与运动等功能基因。表明低剂量辐射对多种功能基因表达产生了影响,是调控细胞辐射反应最基本的分子基础。     

合成塔出口气锅炉给水换热器上封头泄漏的处理及光刀机设计

合成塔出口气锅炉给水换热器防爆隔膜板裂,上封头泄漏引起着火,对事故的应急处理,中修消缺处理方法及现场光刀机设计作了介绍。     

测试条件对热塑性聚氨酯弹性体性能影响的研究

对热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)在不同测试条件下相应性能变化进行了研究,如温度、测试速度、试验负荷变化对测试结果的影响。结果表明:测量条件对TPU性能测试结果有较大的影响,所以在测试过程中要严格按照同一标准测试。     

Pretreatment of Rice Hulls for Cellulase Production by Solid Substrate Fermentation

Abstract

Rice hulls via pretreatment served as a solid substrate for cellulase production. Different pretreatment methods, including microwave irradiation, organosolv process catalyzed by acid or alkali were compared. With rice hulls pretreated by microwave irradiation coupled with alkaline pretreatment and rice hulls pretreated with organosolv process catalyzed with acid or alkali, the maxima of filter paper activity (FPA) obtained during the fermentation were 18%, 21%, 31% higher, and maxima of the carboxy‐methyl cellulase (CMCase) were 7.7%, 14%, 16% higher than those obtained with the rice hulls pretreated only with alkali, respectively. The ratios of cellulose degradation were also estimated and they showed similar tendency with the maxima of FPA detected in the fermentation processes.