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41.
Maria Tiziana Lisanti Giuseppe Blaiotta Claudia Nioi Luigi Moio 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2019,18(2):455-479
The use of sulfur dioxide (SO2) as wine additive is able to ensure both antioxidant protection and microbiological stability. In spite of these undeniable advantages, in the last two decades the presence of SO2 in wine has raised concerns about potential adverse clinical effects in sensitive individuals. The winemaking industry has followed the general trend towards the reduction of SO2 concentrations in food, by expressing at the same time the need for alternative control methods allowing reduction or even elimination of SO2. In the light of this, research has been strongly oriented toward the study of alternatives to the use of SO2 in wine. Most of the studies have focused on methods able to replace the antimicrobial activity of SO2. This review article gives a comprehensive overview of the current state‐of‐the‐art about the chemical additives and the innovative physical techniques that have been proposed for this purpose. After a focus on the chemistry and properties of SO2 in wine, as well as on wine spoilage and on the conventional methods used for the microbiological stabilization of wine, recent advances on alternative methods proposed to replace the antimicrobial activity of SO2 in winemaking are presented and discussed. Even though many of the alternatives to SO2 showed good efficacy, nowadays no other physical technique or additive can deliver the efficacy and broad spectrum of action as SO2 (both antioxidant and antimicrobial), therefore the alternative methods should be considered a complement to SO2 in low‐sulfite winemaking, rather than being seen as its substitutes. 相似文献
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Rita Capirossi Beatrice Piunti Mercedes Fernndez Elisa Maietti Paola Rucci Stefano Negrini Tiziana Giovannini Carlotte Kiekens Laura Calz 《International journal of molecular sciences》2020,21(23)
Although, biomarkers are regarded as an important tool for monitoring injury severity and treatment efficacy, and for predicting clinical evolution in many neurological diseases and disorders including spinal cord injury, there is still a lack of reliable biomarkers for the assessment of clinical course and patient outcome. In this study, a biological dataset of 60 cytokines/chemokines, growth factorsm and intracellular and extracellular matrix proteins, analyzed in CSF within 24 h of injury, was used for correlation analysis with the clinical dataset of the same patients. A heat map was generated of positive and negative correlations between biomarkers and clinical rating scale scores at discharge, and between biomarkers and changes in clinical scores during the observation period. Using very stringent statistical criteria, we found 10 molecules which correlated with clinical scores at discharge, and five molecules, which correlated with changes in clinical scores. The proposed methodology may be useful for generating hypotheses regarding “predictive” and “treatment effectiveness” biomarkers, thereby suggesting potential candidates for disease-modifying therapies using a “bed-to-bench” approach. 相似文献
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Alessandra Beretta Tiziana Bruno Gianpiero Groppi Ivan Tavazzi Pio Forzatti 《Applied catalysis. B, Environmental》2007,70(1-4):515
Experimental evidence and literature indications suggest that the process of methane partial oxidation over Rh catalysts is structure sensitive. Crystal phases and Rh cluster size are thus expected to affect the final catalytic performance. In this work, it is observed that outstanding performances are obtained when the as-prepared catalysts are conditioned through repeated runs at increasing temperature and O2/CH4 = 0.56. Catalysts slowly activate, that is CH4 conversion and synthesis gas selectivity progressively grow with time on stream. On the basis of TPO and CH4 decomposition measurements, this phenomenon is herein explained as the result of a surface reconstruction driven by the repeated exposition to the reaction at high temperature; it is thought that such reconstruction tends to eliminate defect sites and disfavors C-deposition reactions (extremely fast over steps and kinks). Conditioning with O2-enriched feed streams makes conditioning faster, since the accumulation of surface C-species is suppressed; however, the catalyst is eventually less active than a catalyst conditioned with standard feed mixtures. As an alternative, accumulation of carbon can be suppressed and surface reconstruction proceeds faster if the catalyst is directly exposed to the reaction at high temperature for several hours. 相似文献
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A comprehensive investigation of dye–chitosan blended films for green chemistry applications
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Vito Rizzi Alessandra Longo Tiziana Placido Paola Fini Jennifer Gubitosa Teresa Sibillano Cinzia Giannini Paola Semeraro Esther Franco Marcela Ferrandiz Pinalysa Cosma 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2018,135(10)
In this paper, the ability of chitosan film to remove dyestuff from wastewater was evaluated for environmental applications, using three commercial direct azo dyes. Two chitosan films were adopted: the standard one prepared following a well‐known procedure to form it, and a novel one, with a weakly acidic character. Moreover, to improve the adsorption process, the hydrophobic character of the films was investigated. The pH of the dye solutions was also changed, showing an excellent ability in dye removal at pH 12. The films were characterized by means of spectroscopic and morphologic methods to better understand the nature of interactions between dyes and chitosan chains. Swelling ratio measurements were also performed. All analyses suggest that all dyes showed a strong affinity to chitosan polymer chains, with the presence of extended hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals forces perturbing the chitosan network. Interestingly, very good results were obtained in recycling experiments related to the dyeing capacities of chitosan blended films in the presence of textiles. An ecofriendly application is thus presented in this paper. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 45945. 相似文献
48.
Silvio Borrelli Luca De Nicola Ilaria De Gregorio Lucio Polese Luigi Pennino Claudia Elefante Alessandro Carbone Tiziana Rappa Roberto Minutolo Carlo Garofalo 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(23)
Sodium overload is common in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and is associated with increased cardiovascular mortality that is traditionally considered a result of extracellular volume expansion. Recently, sodium storage was detected by Na23 magnetic resonance imaging in the interstitial tissue of the skin and other tissues. This amount of sodium is osmotically active, regulated by immune cells and the lymphatic system, escapes renal control, and, more importantly, is associated with salt-sensitive hypertension. In chronic kidney disease, the interstitial sodium storage increases as the glomerular filtration rate declines and is related to cardiovascular damage, regardless of the fluid overload. This sodium accumulation in the interstitial tissues becomes more significant in ESKD, especially in older and African American patients. The possible negative effects of interstitial sodium are still under study, though a higher sodium intake might induce abnormal structural and functional changes in the peritoneal wall. Interestingly, sodium stored in the interstial tissue is not unmodifiable, since it is removable by dialysis. Nevertheless, the sodium removal by peritoneal dialysis (PD) remains challenging, and new PD solutions are desirable. In this narrative review, we carried out an update on the pathophysiological mechanisms of volume-independent sodium toxicity and possible future strategies to improve sodium removal by PD. 相似文献
49.
Lomonaco S Decastelli L Nucera D Gallina S Manila Bianchi D Civera T 《International journal of food microbiology》2009,128(3):516-520
L. monocytogenes represents a primary concern in the production of Gorgonzola, a Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) Italian blue-veined cheese produced only in the Piedmont and Lombardy regions. L. monocytogenes isolates (N=95) obtained from Gorgonzola rinds, paste, and production/ripening environments were serotyped and then genotyped using Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE). The goal of this study was to investigate the variability of L. monocytogenes PFGE-types across different PDO Gorgonzola manufacturers (N=22). The majority of the strains (88%) were serotyped as 1/2a. PFGE identified 2 major pulse-types grouping 62 strains, detected from different plants and years, suggesting the presence of persistent and niche-adapted L. monocytogenes. In 9 plants, environmental strains shared the same pulse-types with strains from rinds or paste, suggesting a possible transmission pathway. Encouragingly, L. monocytogenes was retrieved from only 1 paste, indicating that production processes were under control in 21 plants. In the remaining plant, un-effective pasteurization or cross-contamination during production processes could be the cause of the contamination. Consequently, it is imperative that producers operate under the total respect of the Good Manufacturing Practices and following the principles of the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point plans, in order to contain contamination throughout the whole processing. 相似文献
50.
Sergio Rossi Maurizio Benaglia Franco Cozzi Andrea Genoni Tiziana Benincori 《Advanced Synthesis \u0026amp; Catalysis》2011,353(6):848-854
The first organocatalytic, stereoselective and direct aldol reaction of activated thioesters with aldehydes has been accomplished. The trichlorosilyl ketene thioacetal generated in situ by adding a tertiary amine to a trifluoroethyl thioester in the presence of tetrachlorosilane is activated by catalytic amounts of an enantiomerically pure biheteroaromatic phosphine oxide to react with different aldehydes, coordinated to as well as activated by the chiral cationic hypervalent silicon species. Starting from a variety of readily available thioesters, this Lewis acid‐mediated Lewis base‐catalyzed transformation allows the direct synthesis of syn‐β‐hydroxy thioesters in up to 95% ee. 相似文献