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81.
Kenichi Yokoyama Toshio Ogawa Kenzo Asaoka Junichi Sakai 《Journal of Alloys and Compounds》2005,400(1-2):227-233
The hydrogen absorption properties of Ti–0.2 mass% Pd (Ti–0.2Pd) alloy in 2.0% and 0.2% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) and neutral 2.0% NaF solutions (25 °C) has been evaluated by hydrogen thermal desorption analysis. During the early stage of immersion (120 h) in the 2.0% APF solution, the amount of absorbed hydrogen was lower than 500 mass ppm. A thermal desorption of hydrogen primary appearing with a peak at 500–600 °C and a broad desorption ranging from 100 to 400 °C were observed. In the 0.2% APF solution, the amount of absorbed hydrogen saturated at 100–200 mass ppm; the thermal desorption of hydrogen appeared with a single peak at 550 °C. In the 2.0% NaF solution, hydrogen absorption was negligible even after 1000 h of immersion, although corrosion pits were observed. The results of the present study suggest that the hydrogen absorption of Ti–0.2Pd alloy, as compared with commercial pure titanium, is suppressed in fluoride solutions. 相似文献
82.
As anthropogenic impacts on riverine ecosystems expand, both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems are influenced over large spatiotemporal scales. We predicted how riparian bird communities changed in response to long‐term changes in floodplain landscapes such as woodland expansion (i.e. rapid increases in vegetation cover on gravel bars and the progress of vegetation succession due to a decrease in the frequency and magnitude of flood disturbance). To test the hypothesis that woodland expansion after dam construction reduces the abundance of gravel bar‐nesting birds and increases the abundance of forest‐nesting birds, we estimated historical changes between past and present bird abundances using species distribution models across multiple rivers that were either unregulated or regulated by dams. We created past and present vegetation maps from remote sensing images and used habitat quantities as explanatory variables in the species distribution models. As we hypothesized, the estimated abundance of gravel bar‐nesting birds decreased and that of forest‐nesting birds increased because of woodland expansion in some regulated rivers. This suggests that anthropogenic alterations of riverine conditions (e.g. dam construction) can affect terrestrial ecosystems (e.g. riparian bird communities) through changes in floodplains (e.g. woodland expansion). In addition, our findings highlight the efficacy of combining spatial and temporal analyses when examining long‐term ecological dynamics. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
83.
This study developed a coupled land-atmosphere satellite data assimilation system as a new physical downscaling approach, by coupling a mesoscale atmospheric model with a land data assimilation system (LDAS). The LDAS consists of a land surface scheme as the model operator, a radiative transfer model as the observation operator, and the simulated annealing method for minimizing the difference between the observed and simulated microwave brightness temperature. The atmospheric model produces forcing data for the LDAS, and the LDAS produces better initial surface conditions for the modelling system. This coupled system can take into account land surface heterogeneities through assimilating satellite data for a better precipitation prediction. To assess the effectiveness of the new system, 3-dimensional numerical experiments were carried out in a mesoscale area of the Tibetan Plateau during the wet monsoon season. The results show significant improvement compared with a no assimilation regional atmospheric model simply nested from the global model. The surface soil moisture content and its distribution from the assimilation system were more consistent to in situ observations. These better surface conditions affect the land-atmosphere interactions through convection systems and lead to better atmospheric predictability as confirmed by satellite-based cloud observations and in situ sounding observations. Through the use of satellite brightness temperature, the developed coupled land-atmosphere assimilation system has shown potential ability to provide better initial surface conditions and its inputs to the atmosphere and to improve physical downscaling through regional models. 相似文献
84.
A manufacturing XML schema definition and its application to a data management system on the shop floor 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Digitization for sharing knowledge on the shop floor in the machinery industry has been given much attention recently. To help engineers use digitization practically and efficiently, this paper proposes a method based on manufacturing case data that has a direct relation to manufacturing operations. The data are represented in XML schema, as it can be easily applied to Web-based systems on the shop floor. The definitions were made for eight manufacturing methods including machining and welding. The derived definitions consist of four divisions of metadata, work-piece, process and evaluation. Three divisions except for the “process” division are common to the manufacturing methods. The average number of elements for a manufacturing method is about 200. The represented schema is also used to convey knowledge such as operation standards and manufacturing troubleshooting on the shop floor. Using the definitions, a data management system is developed. It is a Web-based Q&A system, in which the engineers specify the manufacturing case data mainly by selecting from the candidates. Then, the system fills in the blank portions and/or shows messages to help complete the case data. The proposed method is evaluated through practical scenarios of arc welding and machining. 相似文献
85.
Hiroki Kikuchi Shigeki Hashimoto Shinichiro Tajiri Tsuneo Hayashi Yutaka Sugawara Michio Oka Yoshiyuki Akiyama Akira Nakamura Naoya Eguchi 《Journal of the Society for Information Display》2009,17(3):263-269
Abstract— A high‐pixel‐rate, high‐contrast (30,000:1) wide‐color‐gamut grating‐light‐valve laser projector is reported. A new optical engine enabling high‐frame‐rate (240 Hz) scan projection is employed. Panoramic wide‐angle‐scan projection with a 64:9 aspect ratio was also developed. Speckle noise is eliminated using a simple but highly efficient technique. The optical throughput efficiency of the grating‐light‐valve laser projector is reviewed. 相似文献
86.
In this paper, we evaluate the effectiveness of a semantic smoothing technique to organize folksonomy tags. Folksonomy tags
have no explicit relations and vary because they form uncontrolled vocabulary. We discriminates so-called subjective tags
like “cool” and “fun” from folksonomy tags without any extra knowledge other than folksonomy triples and use the level of
tag generalization to form the objective tags into a hierarchy. We verify that entropy of folksonomy tags is an effective
measure for discriminating subjective folksonomy tags. Our hierarchical tag allocation method guarantees the number of children
nodes and increases the number of available paths to a target node compared to an existing tree allocation method for folksonomy
tags. 相似文献
87.
Lydie du Bousquet Masahide Nakamura Ben Yan Hiroshi Igaki 《Innovations in Systems and Software Engineering》2009,5(3):181-196
A home network system consists of multiple networked appliances, intended to provide more convenient and comfortable living
for home users. Before being deployed, one has to guarantee the correctness, the safety, and the security of the system. Here,
we present the approach chosen to validate the Java implementation of a home network system. We rely on the Java Modelling
Language to formally specify and validate an abstraction of the system.
This is a substantially revised version of our paper that appeared in the proceedings of the Workshop On Leveraging Applications
of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation (ISoLA), Poitiers-Futuroscope, France, December 2007. 相似文献
88.
89.
Uniformly layered mixture of the succeeding members in the structure series was found in artificially layered Bi2Sr2Ca
n–1Cu
n
O2n+4 films synthesized by a three-target sequential sputter deposition technique. The intergrowth structure was quantitatively evaluated by X-ray analysis technique. An averagedc-axis (half) unit length and a plane spacing d0-0.31 nm
in the intergrowth structure are considered as a modulation wavelength and an average lattice of superlattice in the analysis. It is shown that the X-ray diffraction patterns observed in our films are in good agreement with that predicted by the superlattice model. 相似文献
90.
Summary 3-(N-Carbazolyl)-1-propyne polymerized with MoCl5- and WCl6-based catalysts to produce a polymer in high yields. The MoCl5 and MoCl5-n-Bu4Sn catalysts were the most effective (the systems solidified immediately after initiation of polymerization with these catalysts). The product polymer was a yellow solid insoluble in any solvent. Copolymerization of the present monomer with tert-butylacetylene by MoCl5-n-Bu4Sn produced a copolymer; it had a high molecular weight (M
w 350,000), completely dissolved in toluene, CHCl3 etc, and formed a free-standing film by solution casting. -N-Carbazolyl-1-hexyne and-1-octyne produced toluene-insoluble polymers with WCl6-Ph4Sn. 相似文献