Performance Analysis of Split-Winding Doubly Salient Permanent Magnet Motor for Wide Speed Operation

In this paper, various flux-weakening techniques available for wide speed operation of the doubly salient permanent magnet (DSPM) motor are reviewed. A new split-winding topology capable of widening the speed range is proposed, which is valid not only for the DSPM motor with stationary PMs, but also for that with rotary PMs. Based on the parameters obtained by finite element analysis, the performance of the proposed DSPM motor is analyzed. The results show that this motor combines the features of wide speed range, high efficiency, simple structure, and low cost.     

A new design method and half-step operation for ultrasonic stepping motors

In this paper, a systematic design method and a new half-step operation are proposed for ultrasonic stepping motors (USMs) which are based on the principle of spatially shifted standing vibrations. With emphasis on the combination of the order of vibration mode, the number of spatial phase shifts, the number of electrodes, and the number of simultaneously excited electrodes, the design equations and constraints are newly derived, hence, proposing the design procedure. The finite-element method and impedance measurement are also employed to investigate the vibration of the stator. By borrowing the control idea of electromagnetic stepping motors, the half-step operation is newly applied to this USM so that the step size can be further halved. An 80-step USM is prototyped. The proposed design method and half-step operation are well supported by experimentation.     

聚磁式场调制永磁风力发电机工作原理与静态特性

提出一种新型聚磁式场调制永磁(Flux-Concentrating Field-Modulated Permanent-Magnet,FCFMPM)电机,该电机外转子采用聚磁式永磁体结构改善气隙磁通密度,定子采用开口槽结构提高空间利用率.基于磁齿轮效应,定子齿对转子永磁磁场进行调制,产生极对数少、运行速度快的谐波磁场,由该谐波磁场作为有效励磁的FCFMPM电机具有低速、大转矩密度的特点.在深入分析电机工作原理的基础上,运用二维有限元方法计算了其静态特性,包括空载永磁磁链、空载感应电动势、电感、定位力矩和电磁转矩等.研制了一台5kW实验样机,并与商业化小型永磁直驱风力发电机做比较.仿真和实验结果表明,所提电机具有转矩密度大、定位力矩小、外特性硬等特点,特别适用于如风力发电等低速、直驱系统.     

Cyanobacteria,Cyanotoxins, and Neurodegenerative Diseases: Dangerous Liaisons

The prevalence of neurodegenerative disease (ND) is increasing, partly owing to extensions in lifespan, with a larger percentage of members living to an older age, but the ND aetiology and pathogenesis are not fully understood, and effective treatments are still lacking. Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are generally thought to progress as a consequence of genetic susceptibility and environmental influences. Up to now, several environmental triggers have been associated with NDs, and recent studies suggest that some cyanotoxins, produced by cyanobacteria and acting through a variety of molecular mechanisms, are highly neurotoxic, although their roles in neuropathy and particularly in NDs are still controversial. In this review, we summarize the most relevant and recent evidence that points at cyanotoxins as environmental triggers in NDs development.     

An effective hybrid approach of desirability,fuzzy logic,ANFIS and LAPO algorithm for optimizing compliant mechanism

This paper proposes an efficient hybrid approach for solving multi-objective optimization design of a compliant mechanism. The approach is developed by integrating desirability function approach, fuzzy logic system, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system, and Lightning attachment procedure optimization. Box–Behnken design is used to form a numerically experimental matrix. First, a refinement of design variables is conducted through analysis of variance and Taguchi approach in terms of considerably eliminating space of design variables and computation efforts. Next, desirability of two objective functions is computed and transferred into the fuzzy logic system. The output of fuzzy logic system is regarded as single combined objective function. Subsequently, a modeling for fuzzy output is developed via adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system. Then, LAPO algorithm is adopted for solving the optimization problem. By investigating three different numerical examples, performance of the proposed approach is validated. Numerical results revealed that the proposed approach has a computational accuracy better than that of Taguchi-based fuzzy logic reasoning. Finally, case study 1 is chosen as an optimal solution for the mechanism. Furthermore, the effectiveness of proposed approach is greater than that of the Jaya algorithm and TLBO algorithm through Wilcoxon signed rank test and Friedman test. The proposed approach can be used for related engineering fields.

     

Determinants of users’ continuance of social networking sites: A self-regulation perspective

Social networking sites (SNS) have transformed how individuals interact, build and maintain social relationships. We proposed a research model on the determinants of user continuance using Bagozzi's framework of self-regulation as the theoretical foundation. Following the process of appraisal → emotional reactions → coping responses, we developed the model by leveraging findings from social presence and IS continuance research. Based on survey data from Facebook users, we found that appraisal factors (pleasure, awareness, connectedness, and system quality) were strong determinants of emotional reaction (user satisfaction and sense of belonging). User satisfaction and sense of belonging together positively influenced continuance intention.     

A valences-totaling model for English sentiment classification

Sentiment classification plays an important role in everyday life, in political activities, activities of commodity production and commercial activities. Finding a time-effective and highly accurate solution to the classification of emotions is challenging. Today, there are many models (or methods) to classify the sentiment of documents. Sentiment classification has been studied for many years and is used widely in many different fields. We propose a new model, which is called the valences-totaling model (VTM), by using cosine measure (CM) to classify the sentiment of English documents. VTM is a new model for English sentiment classification. In this study, CM is a measure of similarity between two words and is used to calculate the valence (and polarity) of English semantic lexicons. We prove that CM is able to identify the sentiment valence and the sentiment polarity of the English sentiment lexicons online in combination with the Google search engine with AND operator and OR operator. VTM uses many English semantic lexicons. These English sentiment lexicons are calculated online and are based on the Internet. We present a full range of English sentences; thus, the emotion expressed in the English text is classified with more precision. Our new model is not dependent on a special domain and training data set—it is a domain-independent classifier. We test our new model on the Internet data in English. The calculated valence (and polarity) of English semantic words in this model is based on many documents on millions of English Web sites and English social networks.     

Micromechanical digital-to-analog converter for out-of-plane motion

This paper describes a novel micromechanical digital-to-analog converter (MDAC) for out-of-plane motion using electrostatic parallel-plate actuators. The proposed mechanism converts an N-bit digital signal to a mechanical out-of-plane displacement that is proportional to the analog value represented by the N-bit binary word. The mechanism is analogous to that of an electrical binary-weighted-input digital-to-analog converter (DAC). It consists of a movable platform, an array of parallel-plate microactuators each operating in an ON/OFF mode and a set of connection springs that connect the actuators to the platform. The spring constants of the connection springs are weighted so that the stiffness of successive springs is related by a factor of 2. A 4-bit mechanism has been fabricated using the Poly-MUMPS process, achieving a total stroke of 675 nm (full-scale output) and step size (LSB) of 45 nm in a highly repeatable and stable manner. The linearity error (LE) of the device is within /spl plusmn/0.28 LSB, and the differential linearity error (DLE) is within /spl plusmn/0.25 LSB. This mechanism can be configured for many promising applications, particularly in optical devices and systems such as tunable external cavity diode laser, tunable VCSELs, adaptive micromirror array and tunable wavelength filter.     

Information technology, operational, and management competencies for supply chain agility: Findings from case studies

Given the growing emphasis on the need for supply chain agility to sustain competitive advantage, this study explores the impact of the relationship between supply chain competence and supply chain agility on firm performance. Although the influence of supply chain agility on firm performance has been acknowledged, this study further articulates the relationship from the perspective of inter-organizational collaboration. We develop a conceptual model based on the resource-based view and employ a multi-case study method in this exploratory research. Our findings highlight the importance of distinguishing the difference between supply chain agility and supply chain competence and their impact on firm performance. This study contributes to the growing body of conceptual and empirical literature on supply chain agility and adds to the understanding of the complexity of supply chain competence.