Preparation of Al2O3–AlN–Ni Composites

A method is proposed to prepare Al₂O₃-AlN-Ni composites. The composites are prepared by sintering Al₂O₃/NiAl powder mixtures at 1600°C in a mixture of nitrogen and carbon monoxide. The presence of NiAl particles raises the green density of Al₂O₃/NiAl powder compacts. During sintering, NiAl reacts with nitrogen to form AlN and Ni inclusions. A volume expansion accompanies the reaction. Because of the high green density and the reaction, the volume shrinkage of the Al₂O₃-AlN-Ni composite decreases with the increase of added NiAl content.     

基于TPS 复合结构毁伤的等效仿真方法

基于破片存速对某高空高速飞行器热防护结构的影响,提出一种用单一材料结构替代热防护系统(thermal protection system,TPS)复合结构毁伤的等效仿真方法.15 mmTPS热防护复合结构板经计算可等效为4.3 mm铝合金板,经试验验证误差仅为5.6％,吻合度较高,破片穿透板后,TPS复合材料层形成的破孔周围有明显扩孔现象.将试验与仿真结果对比发现:靶板正面与背面破孔直径误差分别为2.9％和2％,铝合金和TPS复合结构极限速度误差分别为2.3％和1.4％.结果表明,该方法对热防护复合结构的设计及优化具有一定参考价值.     

发射装置电路盒散热技术及其应用

设计电路盒结构时应使其产生的热量尽可能少,并可将工作中所产生的热量尽快散发出去,使电路盒的温度控制在正常工作范围内。阐述了散热性对发射装置电路盒工作性能的影响,分析了电路盒中热量的产生过程。通过散热技术在发射装置电路盒设计装配过程中的应用,提高了电路盒的可靠性。     

Large Charged Drop Levitation Against Gravity

A hybrid electrostatic-acoustic levitator that can levitate and manipulate a large liquid drop in one gravity is presented. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time such large drops (up to 4 mm in diameter in the case of water) have been levitated against 1-gravity. This makes possible, for the first time, many new experiments both in space and in ground-based laboratories, such as 1) supercooling and superheating, 2) containerless crystal growth from various salt solutions or melts, 3) drop dynamics of oscillating or rotating liquid drops, 4) drop evaporation and Rayleigh bursting, and 5) containerless material processing in space. The digital control system, liquid drop launch process, principles of electrode design, and design of a multipurpose room temperature levitation chamber are described. Preliminary results that demonstrate drop oscillation and rotation, and crystal growth from supersaturated salt solutions are presented.     

Preface to the Special Issue on “Heterogeneous Photocatalysts: From Fundamentals to Innovative Applications”

Topics in Catalysis -     

The influence of gas velocity, salt type and concentration on transition concentration for bubble coalescence inhibition and gas holdup

The influence of gas velocity (3.5, 10, and 18 mm/s), salt type (NaCl, NaF, NaBr, NaI and CsCl) and salt concentration (0.001-3 M) on bubble coalescence in a small bubble column were studied. The bubble coalescence was determined by the relative change in the measured light intensities passing through the salt solutions and clean deionised water. It was shown that the transition salt concentration for bubble coalescence inhibition (determined at 50% of bubble coalescence) of all investigated salts decreases with increasing superficial gas velocity. The difference in the transition concentration between NaCl, NaF, NaBr and CsCl does not significantly change with the gas velocity. However that difference between NaI and the other salts significantly decreases with increasing the gas velocity. The gas holdup significantly increases with NaCl, NaF, NaBr and CsCl concentrations but does not significantly change with NaI concentration. These new results imply that the transition salt concentration for bubble coalescence and gas holdup depend not only on the salt properties (i.e. the ion type and their combination) as previously reported, but also on the hydrodynamic conditions.