Combined use of cocoa dietary fibre and steviol glycosides in low‐calorie muffins production

Today, consumers are more conscious about nutrition and food products with health benefits. In this study, partial sucrose replacement (20%) with steviol glycosides derived from Stevia Rebaudiana and total replacement of cocoa powder with cocoa fibre preparation in muffins were conducted. There were three levels of dietary fibre addition – 3%, 6% and 12%. Physical analysis of texture, colour, cooking yield and porosity was conducted. Moreover, chemical analysis of total dietary fibre and total phenol content was made as well. Sensory evaluation in two parts was also carried out. The experiment revealed the increase in firmness, porosity, TDF and TCP and the decrease in springiness, cohesiveness and lightness. The best‐ranked sample in sensory evaluation was muffin with 6% of TDF sweetened with mixture of sugar and stevia. Stevia addition enhanced cocoa and sweet taste in tested muffins.     

Profiles and concentrations of heterocyclic aromatic amines formed in beef during various heat treatments depend on the time of ripening and muscle type

Heterocyclic Aromatic Amine (HAA) profiles and concentrations depended on several factors. The largest changes in the HAA profile were observed in meat ripened (chill stored) for 5-10days. Amines whos concentration varied most prominently included: Phe-P 1, harmane, AαC, IQ, IQx, PhIP, MeAαC, and MeIQx. HAA concentrations were strongly correlated with concentrations of the above compounds. Time of storage significantly affected the HAA profile and concentration. The profile changed dynamically for storage times up to 10days. For longer times the profile stabilized, only the HAA content increased. A novel, highly precise and accurate HAA analytical method was developed for this study. Results may help to optimize meat processing technology from the point of view of reducing concentration of HAA formed during heat treatment, including the most carcinogenic; IQ, IQx, MeIQx and PhIP amines.     

Shelf life of packaged sliced dry fermented sausage under different temperature

The aim of this study was to investigate the shelf-life of commercial sliced dry fermented sausage during storage at different temperatures. Different laminate composition was used for vacuum and nitrogen (100% N₂) packaging. The microbiological, physico-chemical and sensory parameters were analysed during 120 days storage at 4, 22 and 37 °C. Packaging materials were analysed for their barrier characteristic (oxygen permeability).     

Single- and two-photon spectral imaging of intrinsic fluorescence of transformed human hepatocytes

Autofluorescence (AF) originating from the cytoplasmic region of mammalian cells has been thoroughly investigated; however, AF from plasma membranes of viable intact cells is less well known, and has been mentioned only in a few older publications. Herein, we report results describing single- and two-photon spectral properties of a strong yellowish-green AF confined to the plasma-membrane region of transformed human hepatocytes (HepG2) grown in vitro as small three-dimensional aggregates or as monolayers. The excitation-emission characteristics of the membrane AF indicate that it may originate from a flavin derivative. Furthermore, the AF was closely associated with the plasma membranes of HepG2 cells, and its presence and intensity were dependent on cell metabolic state, membrane integrity and presence of reducing agents. This AF could be detected both in live intact cells and in formaldehyde-fixed cells.     

Taking back control of privacy: a novel framework for preserving cloud-based firewall policy confidentiality

As the cloud computing paradigm evolves, new types of cloud-based services have become available, including security services. Some of the most important and most commonly adopted security services are firewall services. These cannot be easily deployed in a cloud, however, because of a lack of mechanisms preserving firewall policy confidentiality. Even if they were provided, the customer traffic flowing through the Cloud Service Provider infrastructure would still be exposed to eavesdropping and information gaining by performing analysis. To bypass these issues, the following article introduces a novel framework, known as the Ladon Hybrid Cloud, for preserving cloud-based firewall policy confidentiality. It is shown that in this framework, a high level of privacy is provided thanks to leveraging an anonymized firewall approach and a hybrid cloud model. A number of optimization techniques, which help to further improve the Ladon Hybrid Cloud privacy level, are also introduced. Finally, analysis performed on the framework shows that it is possible to find a trade-off between the Ladon Hybrid Cloud privacy level, its congestion probability, and efficiency. This argument has been demonstrated through the results of conducted experiments.     

Magnetic-Memory Effects in High-Purity Beryllium

We study the magnesium-thermal beryllium condensate in the course of natural aging after several procedures of treatment by weak constant magnetic fields. The amplitude-time dependences of the effective shear modulus (G _ef ~ f ²), low-frequency internal friction, the parameter r, and the ratio of dislocation velocities V _afef /V ₀ are analyzed. It was revealed that the hysteresis in the f ²(γ) curves disappears after ~120 h of natural aging and the sign of r(γ) and V _afef /V ₀(γ) is inverted. The nature of the detected effects is connected with the appearance of microcracks in the stage of elastic deformation and their healing as a result of the viscous motion of unpinned dislocations in the field of point defects in the basal slip plane.     

Support vector machine for fault diagnosis of the broken rotor bars of squirrel-cage induction motor

The paper presents an automatic computerized system for the diagnosis of the rotor bars of the induction electrical motor by applying the support vector machine. Two solutions of diagnostic system have been elaborated. The first one, called fault detection, discovers only the case of the fault occurrence. The second one (complex diagnosis) is able to find which bars have been damaged. The most important problem is concerned with the generation and selection of the diagnostic features, on the basis of which the recognition of the state of the rotor bars is done. In our approach, we use the spectral information of the motor current, voltage and shaft field of one phase registered in an instantaneous form. The selected features form the input vector applied to the support vector machine, used as the classifier. The results of the numerical experiments are presented and discussed in the paper.     

Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds in Asphalt and in Corresponding Leachate Water

The environmental impact of polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) in asphalt (bitumen) materials is related to their availability for environmental transport and biouptake, rather than their total concentrations. This study examines six Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) paving asphalts and four commercial roofing asphalts. Three cleanup procedures for the neat asphalt samples are evaluated. This study reports on analyses for 29 PACs, including the EPA 16 priority pollutant PAHs and additional Persistent Bioaccumulative Toxins. These require reporting by the U.S. EPA under the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA) section 313. The analytical protocol for analysis of the higher molecular weight PACs by GC/MS is reported, with inclusion of GC/MS/MS verification of some of the detectable compounds. Additionally, each asphalt was taken through a toxicity characteristic leaching procedure following U.S. EPA method SW846-1311. Results of the paving and roofing asphalts and their corresponding leachate waters are presented in this study.     

罗斯托克大学图书馆

罗斯托克大学建于1419年，长期以来都因缺少图书馆的空间而备受困扰，藏书不断增多，图书馆的技术设备也需要更新。2000年，罗斯托克大学决定要将八个学院的藏书清理整合到一个图书馆内，该馆为玻璃立面，地面铺设亮色地砖，清楚地标志着校园的出入口。