Liver fibrosis of the turkey on rapeseed products

A method has been developed for selectively preparing the carboxyl-terminal tryptic peptide of proteins by cleavage at arginyl residues. The succinylated protein is digested with trypsin and the peptides produced are maleylated. Maleylated peptides are then submitted to cation-exchange chromatography in urea at low pH and ionic strength. Arginine-containing peptides are retained by the resin. The carboxyl-terminal peptide emerges unretarded and in pure form. This method has been applied to four proteins of known sequence. Yields as high as 88% have been obtained.     

Bioassay trials with twenty three pesticides to a fresh water teleost, saccobranchus fossilis

Bioassay tests were conducted with twenty three pesticides taking a fresh water teleost, Saccobranchus fossilis as test animal. Acute toxic ranges and LC₅₀ values for 7 organochlorine, (thiotox, endosulfan, heptachlor, chlordane, aldrin, lindane and BHC), 14 organophosphorus (zolone, ekalux, diazinon, rogor, DDVP, malatox, sumithion, ekatin, metasystox, malathion, phosvel, dipterex, formothion and abate) and 2 carbamate pesticides (carbofuran and sevin) were determined using static testing procedures for a period of 24, 48, 72 and 96 h both by graphical interpolation and probit analysis. 95% fiducial limits and heterogeneity factors X²) only for 96 h LC₅₀ values were calculated. The relative potency of all the 23 pesticides have been calculated with respect to abate. It was in the decreasing order from organochlorines (1–7), to organophosphorus (8–21) and carbamate pesticides (22, 23), respectively. The presumable safe concentrations were computed, using 0.021, 0.024 and 0.026 as arbitrary application factors based on other species for organochlorines, organophosphorus and carbamate pesticides, respectively.     

Exact solutions for some simple flows of an Oldroyd-B fluid

Summary We present two simple but elegant solutions for the flow of an Oldroyd-B fluid. First, we consider the flow past an infinite porous plate and find that the problem admits an asymptotically decaying solution in the case of suction at the plate, and that in the case of blowing it admits no such solution. Second, we study the longitudinal and torsional oscillations of an infinitely long rod of finite radius. The solutions are found in terms of Bessel functions.     

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS OF DRILLING ON CFRP COMPOSITES

The paper outlines the various problems associated with the drilling of CFRP composites. The technique of dimensional analysis is used to investigate the complex correlation between thrust force, cutting speed, feed, hole diameter, point geometry and material thickness during the drilling of holes in CFRP composites, A new non-dimensional number (t/D), thickness of layered composites to drill diameter, is found to influence the thrust force. Four drill point geometries specifically found effective in drilling of FRP were tried and among them the eight facet drill point geometry was found to give the best results.     

Test for detection and location of intermittent faults incombinational circuits

Faults in combinational circuits are either permanent or intermittent. Intermittent faults tend to be environment-dependent; hence altering the environment might rectify these faults. These faults can be detected by applying random input-vectors (IV). The existence of random intermittent faults might require applying more random IV before detection. The detection of permanent faults requires fewer random IV but correction demands location and replacement of the faulty device, if repair is not feasible. Thus correction of a permanent fault costs more than that of an intermittent fault. The correction cost can be reduced by detecting the type of fault. Since most operational failures in a circuit are due to intermittent faults, it is very important to detect the type of fault in order to find a cheaper solution. This paper discusses the behavior of permanent and intermittent faults in combinational circuits, and introduces a test-detection model (TDM) for these faults. The error latency for an intermittent fault is derived. Two test-strategies are intermixed in the model: random testing for fault-detection, and deterministic testing for deciding on the type of fault. The activity of intermittent faults that requires the minimum number of IV for detection is emphasized. Simulation is used to demonstrate the validity of TDM. Although the variables required in TDM can be difficult to evaluate, estimation of their values is not impossible. A worst-case analysis can always be adopted, where variables are easily evaluated, to find an upper bound on the error latency; thus detection of an intermittent fault is assured with a very high probability. The cost-saving offered by intermittent-fault corrections shows the practical aspect of TDM     

Creep of a thin anisotropic circular plate containing a circular hole at the centre

An analysis to study the creep behaviour of a circular plate with a circular hole at the centre under uniform stretching at the boundary has been carried out. The material of the plate is assumed to be anisotropic and homogeneous. The analysis is based on a time-hardening law and the stresses and strains have been calculated using procedure of successive approximations. All the results have been obtained in a non-dimensional form and compared with the corresponding values for the isotropic case. The redistributed stress and the ultimate stress and strain distributions are found very much different from the initial distributions. At the outer boundary of the plate the effect of anisotropy on stress and strain is negligibly small, whereas at the inner boundary this effect is quite pronounced. All the important results obtained in this study have been presented graphically.     

Scheduling and variable binding for improved testability in high level synthesis

In this paper, we present a scheduling and a variable binding technique for improved testability in high level synthesis. The scheduling technique called cost based scheduling system (CBSS), is time constrained which minimizes the number of resources (operations) and the number of registers based on a cost function. The CBSS improves the life time of primary input and primary output variables, reduces the life times of intermediate variables and hence improves the controllability and observability. The testability of the register transfer level (RTL) structure generated by this schedule is therefore improved. CBSS considers all the variables and operations jointly for scheduling. CBSS supports various scheduling modes such as multicycled and chained operations, and pipelining. The complexity of our scheduling algorithm is O(c·n²) where c is the number of control steps and n is the number of operations to be scheduled. To generate a highly testable RTL structure, the CBSS is followed by a variable binding technique to bind the variables into registers. An integer linear programming (ILP) approach is proposed with an objective function that minimizes the number of registers and a set of constraints that improves the testability of the RTL structure. Various case studies are presented and the results on different benchmark examples show the potential of our approach.     

Fluoride toxicity: a biochemical and scanning electron microscopic study of enamel surface of rabbit teeth

The present study has been carried out to investigate the effect of fluoride toxicity on the morphology as well as inorganic chemical constituents of rabbit teeth. Rabbits were administered sodium fluoride at a dose of 10 mg NaF/kg body weight every 24 h for 18 and 23 months. The incisor and molar teeth (whole tooth) were investigated for fluoride, calcium and phosphorus content in 18- and 23-month treated animals. The enamel surfaces of incisor teeth of 23-month treated animals were examined under scanning electron microscope. A significant increase in fluoride levels and significant decrease in calcium content was found following fluoride administration for 18 and 23 months as compared to control. Ca/P ratio was significantly increased only in 23-month treated animals. The scanning electron micrographs revealed hypoplastic, rough, uneven, pitted and cracked enamel surfaces covered with granular deposits as a result of excessive intake of fluoride. It can be concluded that long term fluoride administration leads to severe structural alterations on the enamel surface, possibly through defective mineralization.