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961.
M. Loidl E. Leblanc T. Branger H. Rotzinger T. Daniyarov M. Linck A. Fleischmann C. Enss 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment》2004,520(1-3):73-75
We report on a feasibility study on precise determination of mass-specific activity of low-energy emitting radioisotopes. Conventional methods of activity measurement suffer from source self-absorption and a strong decrease in detection efficiency for low-energy electrons and photons. We propose a new method based on metallic magnetic microcalorimeters with the source embedded in the detector target in a 4π geometry. First results with a 55Fe source show that electrons and photons are detected with a detection efficiency close to unity and with little loss of energy for electrons. The aim of this study is to provide standards of activity with very low uncertainties in the framework of radiation metrology. 相似文献
962.
B. A. Young J. R. Williams S. W. Deiker S. T. Ruggiero B. Cabrera 《Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment》2004,520(1-3):307-310
We summarize a continuing investigation into using ion implantation to alter the transition temperature of superconducting thin films. The primary motivation for the work presented here was to study the feasibility of using magnetic ion doping to replace the bi-layer Tc control process currently used for certain cryogenic detector applications at National Institute for Standards and Technology. The results from work with various ion species implanted into aluminum, molybdenum, titanium and tungsten host films are presented. 相似文献
963.
I. A. Grishin V. A. Gur'ev E. B. Intyushin Yu. E. Elliev A. P. Savikin 《Inorganic Materials》2004,40(4):431-433
TeO2–WO3 glasses coactivated with Er3+ and Yb3+ are prepared. The effect of Yb content on the efficiency of Er photoluminescence (PL) in the visible and IR spectral regions is studied. The highest PL efficiency is achieved at an Er : Yb atomic ratio of 1 : 1. The PL lifetime for the Er3+
4
I
13/2 level is determined to be 7–9 ms. 相似文献
964.
V. P. Vasil'ev 《Inorganic Materials》2004,40(5):445-450
New thermodynamic data for the In–Sb system are obtained and compared with calculation results available in the literature. An isothermal vacuum cell and a procedure for electrolyte preparation are described which ensure high measurement accuracy. 相似文献
965.
D.J. Bekers S.J.L. van Eijndhoven A.A.F. van de Ven 《Journal of Engineering Mathematics》2004,49(4):373-390
A long thin conducting stripline embedded in a dielectric and centered between two large conducting plates, i.e., the stripline environment, is considered. The stripline is modeled as infinitely long, infinitely thin, and perfectly conducting by first considering a stripline of finite length, thickness, and conductivity in a dielectric layer. Starting from Maxwell's equations and assuming that the current on the stripline is a propagating wave in length direction, asymptotic expressions for the fields inside and in the neighbourhood of the stripline are deduced. These expressions are used to model the stripline in the stripline environment, which leads to a boundary-value problem for the electric potential. This problem is solved by two different approaches, leading to integral equations for the current and for an auxiliary function describing the electric potential. A relation between the current and the auxiliary function is deduced, which is used to obtain asymptotic expressions for current and impedance. Results are compared with a numerical solution of the integral equation for the current and with results in literature. 相似文献
966.
The hydrodynamic impact problem is investigated within the framework of potential-flow theory. The vertical load acting on the rigid body is derived based on either momentum or energy conservation, and using the concept of added mass together with a homogeneous Dirichlet condition for the potential on the free surface as usually done to model an impact problem. It is demonstrated that the use of this simplified dynamic free-surface condition, instead of the fully nonlinear one, has a direct influence on the computation of the loads. In particular, the equivalence of momentum and energy analysis is in general not recovered. The situation is then highlighted by performing an asymptotic analysis of the two-dimensional blunt-body asymmetric impact problem. The asymptotic solution is given explicitly and validated through comparisons with experimental results. The energy distribution is then studied. It is shown that the contradiction between momentum and energy analysis can be removed, provided that the flux of energy through the jets is taken into account in the energy balance. If the simplified free-surface condition is indeed valid in the far-field, nonlinear terms must be retained near the body, in the spray-root domains. To leading order, the energy distribution during the gravity-free inertia stage does not depend on the blunt-body shape. The general analysis based on momentum or energy conservation suggests that this result also applies for arbitrary body shape as soon as a homogeneous Dirichlet condition can be applied as a dynamical free-surface boundary condition. In this case, and for a constant vertical impact velocity, half the work performed by the body would seem to be transferred to the fluid as kinetic energy within the spray. 相似文献
967.
The dynamics of a thin liquid film falling down a uniformly heated wall is studied. The model introduced by Kalliadasis et al. [J. Fluid Mech. 475 (2003) 377] for the same problem is revisited and its deficiencies, namely the prediction of a critical
Reynolds number with 20% error, cured. For the energy equation a high-order Galerkin projection in terms of polynomial test
functions is developed. It is shown that not only does this more refined formulation correct the critical Reynolds number,
but it also gives, with an appropriate expansion close to criticality, the long-wave theory. Bifurcation diagrams for permanent
solitary waves are constructed and compared with the solution branches obtained from different models. It is shown that, in
all cases, the long-wave theory exhibits limit points and branch multiplicity, while the other models predict the continuing
existence of solitary waves. Time-dependent computations show that the free surface and interfacial temperature approach a
train of coherent structures that resemble the infinite-domain stationary solitary pulses. 相似文献
968.
The operation of a torsional oscillator for detection, of flow-driven textural transitions in, 3He-A is described. The detection technique, tracking the shift of the resonant frequency of the torsional oscillator, allows us to observe textural changes and the presence of vortices in zero magnetic field. It relies on. the anisotropic superfluid density of 3He-A and its change due to reorientation of the Î-texture caused by counterflow. 相似文献
969.
Y.H. Sun 《Materials Research Bulletin》2004,39(9):1247-1255
Effects of Ca and Zr substitution upon the dielectric properties of Ba5LaTi3Ta7O30 ceramics were investigated together with the structural characterization. All the samples of Ba5La(ZrxTi1−x)3Ta7O30 formed a filled tungsten-bronze structures, whereas the solid solution limit was determined as x=0.25 in (CaxBa1−x)5LaTi3Ta7O30. Beyond this limit secondary phase of CaTa2O6 was detected and it would become the major phase for the Ca-rich compositions. The temperature coefficient of dielectric constant was improved with increasing Zr content while the dielectric constant decreased and the low dielectric loss varied little (in the order of 10−4). In the case of (CaxBa1−x)5LaTi3Ta7O30, small temperature coefficient of dielectric constant could be obtained with increasing Ca content while the dielectric constant decreased significantly, and a small amount substitution of Ca for Ba induced decrease in dielectric loss. 相似文献
970.
LiFePO4 is a potential candidate for the cathode material of the lithium secondary batteries. A co-precipitation method was adopted to prepare LiFePO4 because it is simple and cheap. Nitrogen gas was needed to prevent oxidation of Fe2+ in the aqueous solution. The co-precipitated precursor shows the high reactivity with the reductive gas, and the single phase of LiFePO4 is successfully synthesized with the aid of carbon under less reductive conditions. LiFePO4 fine powder prepared by co-precipitation method shows high rate capability, impressive specific capacity and cycle property. 相似文献