永州市抗御"碧利斯"台风的实践与思考

受2006年第四号台风“碧利斯”的影响,永州市出现了持续的强降雨过程,部分地区出现了大暴雨,引发了严重的洪涝灾害,成为近年来影响较为严重的一次台风暴雨。永州市在抗御这次台风暴雨过程中,高度警惕,充分准备,周密部署,科学调度,全力以赴抗灾救灾,将灾害损失降到了最低程度,全市没有垮一库一坝,没有因山洪灾害发生人员伤亡。文章总结了永州市的防灾抗灾经验,并针对防御台风暴雨存在的问题,探讨了进一步减轻台风暴雨灾害损失的对策。     

磷酸盐玻璃中Er~(3+)离子的光跃迁和激光作用

给出了Li-Al磷酸盐玻璃中Er~(3+)离子发射特性(Ar、σ_ρ、β、τ_γ)的计算结果。报道了Cr~(3+)→Yb~(3+)→Er~(3+)的一种有效能量转移,并获得了室温下3J1.54μm波长的激光输出。     

基于改进PSO算法的结构损伤检测

结构的损伤检测常转化为求解约束优化问题,针对粒子群算法容易出现早熟问题,增大算法后期的粒子位置的改变量,从而增加粒子位置的差异,因而能够增强其在求解约束优化问题时抵抗局部极小的能力。两层刚架单损伤和多损伤识别的数值结果和收敛曲线表明了改进后的粒子群算法优于传统的带惯性因子的粒子群算法。三层框架结构的4种损伤工况的试验研究进一步说明了该算法应用于结构损伤检测领域的有效性。     

Effect of storage temperature on phenolics stability in hawthorn (Crataegus pinnatifida var. major) fruits and a hawthorn drink

The stability of five major phenolics, namely (−)-epicatechin (EC), procyanidin B₂ (PC-B₂), chlorogenic acid (ChA), hyperoside (HP) and isoquercitrin (IQ), in hawthorn fruits and a canned hawthorn drink were evaluated during 6 months of storage in the dark at three different temperatures (4, 23 and 40 °C). HPLC with a diode-array detector was used to determine the contents of the individual compounds. The results showed that the studied phenolics in the hawthorn fruits and the drink were both stable at 4 °C and relatively unstable at 23 and 40 °C with varied extents of degradation. At room temperature (23 °C), marked degradations of EC and PC-B₂ were observed in both the fruits and the drink with around 50% and 30% decrease after a 6-month storage, respectively. A more significant decrease of the phenolics was observed at 40 °C, especially for EC and PC-B₂, which were almost completely degraded after a 6-month storage. HP, IQ and ChA were relatively stable at 23 °C, but unstable at 40 °C. Therefore, low-temperature storage is recommended for maintaining the quality and efficacy of hawthorn fruits and its preparations.     

国外复合材料用高级增强纤维的发展现状

本文综述了国外碳纤维、陶瓷、聚芳酰胺、超高分子量聚乙烯、液晶聚合物纤维的发展现状,包括它们的生产能力、消费情况、性能特点,主要生产国和生产公司、产品牌号以及应用领域等,并指出了其生产进展和发展动向。     

卷筒纸胶印机技术讲座第一讲概述

卷筒纸胶印机的种类很多,使用范围也越来越广泛,但在使用中出现的问题也五花八门。如何提高卷筒纸胶印机的使用效率,及时排除故障,是每个用户关心的问题。本人根据以往经验就卷筒纸胶印机的结构和如何解决使用中的问题作一系统介绍。1卷筒纸胶印机的发明和发展1)卷筒纸胶印机的发明据有关史料记载,1905年美国人威廉.罗倍尔(W.Rubel)和他的助手操作一台直接印刷的平版印刷机,为了提高印刷质量,他们在压印滚筒上包了一块橡皮布。在一次印刷中,他的助手没有把纸续进印刷机,机器空转了一转,印版上的图文直接印在了橡皮布上。此时,他接着又续了…     

变频器在恒压供水上的应用

简要介绍了JP6C—AP1变频器的特点及在恒压供水上的应用。     

Grafting of maleic anhydride onto polyethylene through a green chemistry approach

The grafting of a polymer can lead to the improvement and modification of the polymer and thus expand its applications. Grafting methods include solution grafting in organic solvents, melt grafting at high temperatures, and light grafting with radioactive sources. These methods have their advantages and disadvantages. The disadvantages include waste treatment, consumption of energy, and so on. In this study, a hydrothermal process which is called the green approach, was developed to prepare graft copolymers. The effect of various factors on the grafting degree was investigated in detail. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

使用地热能的吸收式制冷系统

吸收式制冷系统可以利用低品位的热源来制冷，相对于常见的蒸汽压缩式制冷系统而言在这方面具有优势。我国是一个地热资源很丰富的国家，为了充分利用这一资源，我们有必要对以地热为热源的吸收式制冷系统进行研究。本文着重分析了使用地热资源的溴化锂吸收式制冷系统。     

薄层隔热保温涂料的研制及应用

常规保温材料的研究以提高孔隙率、提高热阻、降低传导传热性能为主,但其对流传热及辐射传热较难降低。当今以传热机理改进保温材料及保温结构是重要发展方向。文章介绍了一种借鉴国外航天工业用高科技绝热涂层的技术思路,并结合国情研制成功的具有高辐射率的薄层隔热保温涂料,它可弥补常规保温材料的不足。该保温涂料以液态涂料方式存在,干燥后的涂层热阻较大,特别是热反射率高,可有效地降低辐射传热,施工方便,涂层薄,无接缝,附着力好,集防水隔热外护于一体。绝热等级为R21.1,热反射度0.79,热辐射率0.83,固含量54％,性能接近国外同类产品水平,成本仅为国外产品的1/4左右。可直接以涂层方式使用,也可与其他多孔保温材料复合构成低辐射传热结构,作为石油石化行业成品油罐及储罐的隔热保温、管道及设备的保冷及屋面隔热保温涂层使用,综合节能效益高。