透明导电IMO薄膜的载流子迁移率研究

采用van-der-Pauw法、等离子振荡波长法和光谱拟合法等三种方法对IMO(In2O3：Mo)薄膜和ITO(In2O3：Sn)薄膜的载流子迁移率进行了测量和比较。结果表明，IMO薄膜的载流子迁移率高达100cm^2V^-1s^-1以上，远超过已报导的其他掺杂透明导电氧化物（TCO）薄膜的载流子迁移率；IMO薄膜的载流子有效质量约为电子静止质量的0.35倍；IMO薄膜的高载流子迁移率主要是由载流子受到的散射作用较弱所引起。这无法用通常的掺杂TCO薄膜的载流子散射理论来解释，为此引入复合效应进行分析。在ITO薄膜中，每形成一个电中性复合粒子，就会使两个掺杂的Sn^4 失去贡献载流子的电活性；而在IMO薄膜中，即使一个掺杂Mo^6 与晶格间隙中的一个O^2-结合成复合离子后，该复合离子仍然会贡献出一个载流子，故薄膜中形成的电中性复合粒子数目较少，从而导致价态差为3的IMO薄膜中的电中性复合粒子对载流子的散射远低于价态差为1的ITO薄膜，因此，IMO薄膜有可能获得较高的载流子迁移率。     

Raman and infrared spectroscopic investigations on aqueous alkali metal phosphate solutions and density functional theory calculations of phosphate-water clusters

Phosphate (PO(4)(3-)) solutions in water and heavy water have been studied by Raman and infrared spectroscopy over a broad concentration range (0.0091-5.280 mol/L) including a hydrate melt at 23 degrees C. In the low wavenumber range, spectra in R-format have been constructed and the R normalization procedure has been briefly discussed. The vibrational modes of the tetrahedral PO(4)(3-)(aq) (T(d) symmetry) have been assigned and compared to the calculated values derived from the density functional theory (DFT) method for the unhydrated PO(4)(3-)(T(d)) and phosphate-water clusters: PO(4)(3-).H(2)O (C(2v)), PO(4)(3-).2H(2)O (D(2d)), PO(4)(3-).4H(2)O (D(2d)), PO(4)(3-).6H(2)O (T(d)), and PO(4)(3-).12H(2)O (T), a cluster with a complete first hydration sphere of water molecules. A cluster with a second hydration sphere of 12 water molecules and 6 in the first sphere, PO(4)(3-).18H(2)O (T), has also been calculated. Agreement between measured and calculated vibrational modes is best in the case of the PO(4)(3-).12H(2)O cluster and the PO(4)(3-).18H(2)O cluster but far less so in the case of the unhydrated PO(4)(3-) or phosphate-water cluster with a lower number of water molecules than 12. The asymmetric, broad band shape of v(1)(a(1)) PO(4)(3-) in aqueous solutions has been measured as a function of concentration and the asymmetric and broad band shape was explained. However, the same mode in heavy water has only half the full width at half-height compared to the mode in normal water. The PO(4)(3-) is strongly hydrated in aqueous solutions. This has been verified by Raman spectroscopy comparing v(2)(H(2)O), the deformation mode of water, and the stretching modes, the v(1)OH and v(3)OH of water, in K(3)PO(4) solutions as a function of concentration and comparison with the same modes in pure water. A mode at approximately 240 cm(-1) (isotropic R spectrum) has been detected and assigned to the restricted translational mode of the strong hydrogen bonds formed between phosphate and water, P-O...HOH. In very concentrated K(3)PO(4) solutions (C(0) > or = 3.70 mol/L) and in the hydrate melt, formation of contact ion pairs (CIPs) could be detected. The phosphate in the CIPs shows a symmetry lowering of the T(d) symmetry to C(3v). In the less concentrated solutions, PO(4)(3-)(aq) solvent separated ion pairs and doubly solvent separated ion pairs exist, while in very dilute solutions fully hydrated ions are present (C(0) < or = 0.005 mol/L). Quantitative Raman measurements have been carried out to follow the hydrolysis of PO(4)(3-)(aq) over a very broad concentration range. From the hydrolysis data, the pK(3) value for H(3)PO(4) has been determined to be 12.45 at 23 degrees C.     

从β-聚丙烯到β-聚丙烯共混物

相对于聚丙烯(PP)共混物,β-PP共混物研究很少。文中对本实验室近几年开展的β-成核PP与聚苯乙烯(PS)、丙烯腈-苯乙烯共聚物(AS)、丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)、尼龙(PA)、对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)共混物的制备、结构与性能进行了总结。重点讨论了不同第二组分及其用量、结晶度与极性,增容和制备方法等对PP共混物的β-成核作用的影响。观察到PS、AS和ABS对β-成核作用影响很小,可获得高β-晶含量的PP共混物。β-成核PP与PA、PET共混物的β-成核作用取决于制备方法,降低PET结晶度的方法和加入相容剂有利于共混物β-晶的形成。第二组分极性并不是影响共混物β-成核作用的主要因素。     

座席员的心理资本对压力反应和工作满意度的影响

本研究旨在考察呼叫中心座席员的心理资本与工作压力、压力反应和工作满意度之间的影响关系,并探讨心理资本的调节作用。研究者通过对318位座席员进行问卷测量,通过对数据进行相关分析和分层回归分析后发现,座席员的心理资本与压力反应呈显著负相关、与工作满意度呈显著正相关;座席员的心理资本调节了其工作压力源对工作满意度的影响,但对工作压力源和压力反应之间的调节作用不显著。结论:提升心理资本有助于减轻工作压力造成的压力反应,并提高工作满意度。     

高层电梯井内模操作平台应用

近年来,伴随着高层建筑物的不断增加,电梯井等筒状结构的施工进度、质量、安全等对整个工程有着重要影响,因此根据其自身结构特点,比较常规的钢筋混凝土电梯井内模支设方法未能满足其要求,高层电梯井内模施工对施工方法提出新的要求。本文以实体工程为例,就高层建筑电梯井内模安全、高效,经济施工提出具体的改进办法。     

42CrMo钢三棱螺旋钻杆接头断裂原因分析

某42CrMo钢三棱螺旋钻杆接头在进行煤层钻采过程中发生断裂。采用宏观观查、化学成分分析、力学性能测试、硬度测试、金相检验、应力分布有限元模拟等方法对钻杆接头断裂的原因进行了分析。结果表明:该42CrMo钢三棱螺旋钻杆热处理时因回火温度过低,使其硬度偏高,造成冲击吸收能量偏低,韧性较差,在扭转、弯曲等交变载荷作用下,于螺纹牙底的应力集中处发生早期疲劳断裂。     

氧化锌压敏电阻的老化机理

研究了ZnO压敏电阻的老化现象,提出了一种新的老化机理-线性链理论。该理论认为,在外电场作用下,压敏电阻势垒高度降低;当降低到一定值时,晶界可变电阻转化为线性晶界电阻,从而压敏链转化为线性链。线性链是稳定的,因而压敏电阻老化到一定程度后其电性能将不能完全恢复。     

Laser-induced fluorescence of green plants. 3: LIF spectral signatures of five major plant types

A technique amenable to remote sensing use which utilizes laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) properties of plants has been successfully used in the laboratory to identify five major plant types. These included herbaceous dicots, herbaceous monocots, conifers, hardwoods, and algae. Each of these plant types exhibited a characteristic LIF spectra when excited by a pulsed N2 laser emitting at 337 nm. Although monocots and dicots possess common fluorescence maxima at 440, 685, and 740 nm, they could be differentiated from one another by using the ratio of the square of the fluorescence intensity at 440 nm to the nonsquared intensity at 685 nm, i.e., (440)2/685. In all cases, monocots yielded a significantly higher ratio. Conifers have fluorescence maxima at 440, 525, and 740 nm but none at 685 nm. Hardwoods exhibited fluorescence at 440, 525, 685, and 740 nm. Algae had very low fluorescence at 440 nm, no fluorescence at 525 nm, and fluorescence maxima at 685 and 740 nm. For algae, the ratio of the fluorescence intensity at 685 nm to that at 740 nm was much greater than that for monocots, dicots, and hardwoods. The potential use of the LIF technique for individual species identification is suggested.     

磁控反应溅射氮化钛薄膜特性研究

氮化钛薄膜由于具有许多有用的特性而受到人们日益广泛的注意。许多不同方法都曾用来生长氮化钛薄膜,其中包括化学气相淀积、活化反应蒸发、反应磁控溅射、空心阴极放电、离子镀等。溅射淀积得到的氮化钛薄膜具有较低的电阻、较细的晶粒微结