TB10钛合金筒体反挤压成形的有限元模拟

通过热模拟实验得到TB10钛合金的流动应力-应变曲线,应用DEFORM-3D软件建立材料模型.基于刚塑性有限元法,对TB10钛合金筒体反挤压过程进行数值模拟.分析了挤压过程的载荷-行程曲线,以及坯料内部的温度、速度、应力、应变等的分布,并对模拟过程中的误差来源做了分析.研究表明,在摩擦因子较小(m=0.1)的情况下,挤压载荷较为稳定,筒壁处金属流动速度均匀,但局部变形不均和应力集中可能在表面形成裂纹.     

Acrylate–vinylidene chloride copolymers derived from corresponding water‐borne latexes: Influence of acrylate units on their potential as heavy‐duty anticorrosive coating materials

A series of aqueous latexes with solid contents of 56%–59% were synthesized by binary emulsion copolymerization of vinylidene chloride (VDC) with an acrylate, namely methyl acrylate (MA), ethyl acrylate (EA), butyl acrylate (BA), hexyl acrylate (HA), or 2‐ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier‐transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed that the acrylate units with short ester side‐chains, such as MA and EA, made the copolymers hard and the crystallization tendency of their PVDC segments was reduced. Hydrophobic acrylates with relatively long ester groups, such as HA and EHA, gave flexible copolymers, and favored the crystallization of their PVDC segments. BA endowed the copolymers with medium flexibility and crystallization tendency. As coating materials, the copolymers bearing MA and EA adhered poorly to the tinplate before or after 100 hr of salt‐spray corrosion, whereas those bearing BA, HA, or EHA showed good adhesion to tinplate when they had little or no crystallinity. After 100 hr of salt‐spray corrosion, only BA–VDC80, containing 80% VDC, retained both excellent adhesion to metal and excellent barrier performance. Further study demonstrated that BA–VDC80 could protect tinplate from rusting for at least 250 hr under harsh salt‐spray corrosion. Scanning electron microscopy, FTIR‐attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy and DSC were used to evaluate the corroded BA–VDC80 film. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40192.     

The Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of Multifunctionalised Derivatives of Noscapine as Cytotoxic Agents

Noscapine, a phthalideisoquinoline alkaloid derived from Papaver somniferum, is a well‐known antitussive drug that has a relatively safe in vitro toxicity profile. Noscapine is also known to possess weak anticancer efficacy, and since its discovery, efforts have been made to design derivatives with improved potency. Herein, the synthesis of a series of noscapine analogues, which have been modified in the 6′, 9′, 1 and 7‐positions, is described. In a previous study, replacement of the naturally occurring N‐methyl group in the 6′‐position with an N‐ethylaminocarbonyl was shown to promote cell‐cycle arrest and cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines. Here, this modification has been combined with other structural changes that have previously been shown to improve anticancer activity, namely halo substitution in the 9′‐position, regioselective O‐demethylation to reveal a free phenol in the 7‐position, and reduction of the lactone to the corresponding cyclic ether in the 1‐position. The incorporation of new aryl substituents in the 9′‐position was also investigated. The study identified interesting new compounds able to induce G2/M cell‐cycle arrest and that possess cytotoxic activity against the human prostate carcinoma cell line PC3, the human breast adenocarcinoma cell line MCF‐7, and the human pancreatic epithelioid carcinoma cell line PANC‐1. In particular, the ethyl urea cyclic ether noscapinoids and a compound containing a 6′‐ethylaminocarbonyl along with 9′‐chloro, 7‐hydroxy and lactone moieties exhibited the most promising biological activities, with EC₅₀ values in the low micromolar range against all three cancer cell lines, and these derivatives warrant further investigation.     

CFD and experimental investigation of the gas–liquid flow in the distributor of a compact heat exchanger

High performance of compact heat exchangers is conditioned by correct fluid distribution. This is especially true for gas–liquid heat exchangers where a uniform distribution is particularly delicate to obtain and where maldistribution entails significant performance deterioration. Several phenomena can lead to phase distribution problems: the fins may be subject to manufacturing defects or fouling, leading to shortcuts or dead zones. But the first source of maldistribution may be a poor distribution at the outlet of the entrance distributor. This distributor aims at mixing the phases and distributing them across the channels.     

An uncertainty quantification method for nanomaterial prediction models

This paper presents a new method for quantifying uncertainty in the predictions of a nanomaterial computational model to account for variability in the constituent nanostructure properties and characterization measurements. The stiffness of a buckypaper–polymer composite is predicted using a micromechanics model. The model requires from the user as inputs the nanostructure properties, including the diameter, length, and curvature distribution of the carbon nanotubes which shows large variability. The current characterization techniques used to describe these dimensions are subject to considerable measurement error. We propose a constrained nonlinear programming approach for quantification of raw material variability and its impact on the property prediction of buckypaper–polymer composites. The uncertainty quantification method is useful for decision making to predict probability that the quality characteristic of the final part will satisfy design constraints. A case study based on data from a real buckypaper manufacturing process was used to illustrate the approach. It is shown that modeling the correlation between nanostructure properties using a multivariate distribution rather than independent univariate distributions is important to accurately quantify the effect of these properties on the final-part property.     

硫磺粉尘爆炸特性研究

为研究硫磺粉尘爆炸危险性,采用哈特曼管式爆炸测试装置与20 L球爆炸测试装置对常温常压下不同粒径的硫磺粉尘爆炸特性参数进行了测试和评估,得到了不同粒径硫磺粉尘的最小点火能、爆炸下限质量浓度和爆炸指数,根据实验结果对硫磺粉尘危险性进行了分级。结果表明,70~850 μm不同粒径的硫磺粉尘最小点火能在0.144~125 mJ,且随着粒径的减小而降低;45~375 μm不同粒径的硫磺粉尘爆炸极限质量浓度在15~20 g/m3,且随着粉尘粒径的减小而降低;45~375 μm不同粒径的硫磺粉尘最大爆炸指数在34.46~39.87 MPa·m/s,且随着粒径的减小而增大,其粉尘爆炸危险性等级为St3。     

砂砾用于太阳能斜温层罐填料的蓄热特性

建立了间接接触式显热蓄热实验台,对不同粒径的砂砾用于太阳能显热蓄热斜温层单罐填料的蓄热特性进行了研究.实验台蓄热装置为一圆柱形罐体,内部按六边形蜂窝状布置了19根不锈钢管.选用空气作为换热流体,流经钢管内部通道传热,钢管外部用于与罐体内的砂砾相接触.选取了4种砂砾:细砂、中砂、滤砂和粗砂进行实验.结果表明,空隙率是影响砂砾蓄热性能的重要因素,而不是密度或粒径.其中,粗砂空隙率最低,蓄热效果最好.对于砂砾等基本物性变化不大的材料,不同蓄热温差下,蓄热效果相同.采用空气作为换热流体,蓄热效率较低,需要降低空气流速或者加长管段以强化换热.实验结果与二维简化数值模型进行对比,结果吻合良好,该模型可用于进行大型蓄热罐蓄热性能研究.     

Effects of gating design on structural and mechanical properties of high manganese steel by optimizing casting process parameters

Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology - The impacts of gating design and riser system on structure-property relationship of high manganese steel specimens produced by CO2 sand molding...