Prevalence and risk factors in serous arthritis in the carpal joint of Norwegian coldblooded trotters

Of 508 four-year-old coldblooded trotters examined for carpitis, 135 (27%) had the condition. Thirty horses had unilateral carpitis on the left frontlimb, 52 on the right frontlimb and 53 had bilateral carpitis. Of these horses, 105 were stallions, 135 were geldings and 269 were mares. The prevalence of carpitis in these three groups was 25%, 25% and 28%, respectively. Information was obtained on the training regimes in four periods of the life of 378 horses. The odds ratios for the training variables were of the same order in all four periods. In logistic regression analyses on the training variables for the first period for the variable percentage of carpitis within each progeny group (sire index), the odds ratio corresponding to a 10% increase in sire index was 1.7 (1.4, 2.1) (95% confidence interval of the odds ratio). The odds ratios for leaving the horses out in a paddock, walking in a jogcart and fast training, or not in each case, were 0.4 (0.2, 0.9), 2.5 (1.2, 5.3) and 2.0 (0.9, 4.4), respectively. This implies a decreased risk of developing carpitis for horses left out in a paddock as a two-year-old, and a 2.5 and 2.0 times increased risk of carpitis occuring in horses exposed to walking in a jogcart and fast training, respectively. Information on the feeding regimes during the first, second and third year collected by a questionnaire revealed no association with carpitis beyond that which could be ascribed to chance. The rations offered were within normal ranges except for calcium, which was below recommended levels.     

Regulation of organelle movement in melanophores by protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC), and protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)

We used melanophores, cells specialized for regulated organelle transport, to study signaling pathways involved in the regulation of transport. We transfected immortalized Xenopus melanophores with plasmids encoding epitope-tagged inhibitors of protein phosphatases and protein kinases or control plasmids encoding inactive analogues of these inhibitors. Expression of a recombinant inhibitor of protein kinase A (PKA) results in spontaneous pigment aggregation. alpha-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH), a stimulus which increases intracellular cAMP, cannot disperse pigment in these cells. However, melanosomes in these cells can be partially dispersed by PMA, an activator of protein kinase C (PKC). When a recombinant inhibitor of PKC is expressed in melanophores, PMA-induced pigment dispersion is inhibited, but not dispersion induced by MSH. We conclude that PKA and PKC activate two different pathways for melanosome dispersion. When melanophores express the small t antigen of SV-40 virus, a specific inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), aggregation is completely prevented. Conversely, overexpression of PP2A inhibits pigment dispersion by MSH. Inhibitors of protein phosphatase 1 and protein phosphatase 2B (PP2B) do not affect pigment movement. Therefore, melanosome aggregation is mediated by PP2A.     

基于非下采样Contourlet变换的指纹图像超分辨率重建

非下采样Contourlet变换(Nonsubsampled contourlet transform,NSCT)采用非抽样金字塔结构和非抽样方向滤波器组构成,具有Contourlet变换所不具备的平移不变性、较高冗余度等优良特性,而且能够克服伪吉布斯现象。图像经过非下采样Contourlet变换后分解成多尺度、多方向的细节信息,这些细节信息代表了图像不同频带不同方向的特征,这就简化了系数之间的关系。基于学习的超分辨率重建算法具有整体的预测性,将非下采样Contourlet变换和基于学习的算法相结合,在一定程度上提高训练精度。针对指纹图像的实验证明该算法具有良好的性能,重建的图像纹理性细节信息较好,基本保持了原指纹图像的特征点,更接近于原始的高分辨率图像。     

基于欧姆龙NJ控制器的半自动芯片封装机

在介绍半导体热熔型塑胶封装工艺流程的基础上,对于采用欧姆龙NJ系列高性能多功能一体化新型控制器的芯片封装设备研发,给出关键论题的多方案创新性研讨.     

模型桥墩局部冲刷瞬时地形数据自动获取装备研制

模型试验中冲刷地形测绘装备相对落后,致使桥墩周围局部冲刷瞬时地形数据无法实时获取,冲刷动态发展过程及机理的模型试验研究工作难以开展。研制了一种模型桥墩局部冲刷瞬时地形数据等值线自动绘制装备,并利用室内水工模型试验优化了各组成的性能指标,量化了绘制装备的设计参数,分析了监测系统在模型应用中的测绘精度及在工程原型中的适用性。模型试验研究表明,该装备结构简单,操作方便,加工制作成本较低,精度及灵敏性较高,能够快速获取动态过程中局部冲刷瞬时地形等值线,适用于局部冲刷发展影响流场特性研究中的水下地形快速测绘,也可按放大比尺制作成型后应用于涉水建筑物周围水下地形监测。     

基于Virtools的虚拟现实技术及在特种设备教学中的应用

本文以电梯为研究对象,运用虚拟现实技术建立电梯虚拟样机,开发了一种电梯零部件识别系统用于电梯司机的考核。现行的考核方式存在过程繁琐、成绩统计困难等问题,就这些问题提出了合理的解决方案,并将方案应用于开发的系统中。该系统是虚拟现实技术在特种设备领域的全新应用,构建的虚拟电梯完整地呈现了真实的电梯,而且可以从多角度观察其结构的每个细节,方便教学与考核。系统结合SolidWorks、3Dmax、Virtools等软件,以触摸选择为主要的操作方式,具有优良的操作性与交互性,且投资少、开发周期短。     

连铸机扇形段框架和立柱腐蚀失效分析

对连铸机扇形段和框架腐蚀发生的原因进行了分析. 结果表明，在生产现场的特殊环境条件下，腐蚀是各种因素综合作用下缝隙腐蚀加速发展的 结果，冷却水中Cl离子浓度过高是腐蚀加速发展的重要原因, 改善表面保护涂层质量是防治 腐蚀的关键.     

特高压直流送端系统的运行约束及新能源消纳挑战研究

针对特高压直流工程投运后电网特性的变化,分析了电力系统安全、经济运行面临的挑战及可采取的对策。首先在简要介绍直流系统故障的基础上,分别针对有功回退引起的暂态功角稳定问题与无功冗余造成的暂态过电压问题进行了理论分析,并根据陕西电网仿真计算结果进一步说明直流投运后对运行灵活性的制约。然后分析了运行灵活性下降对新能源消纳造成的影响,讨论了提高新能源消纳能力的对策。最后对所讨论问题进行归纳总结,并提出了未来工作与研究的展望。     

陆良盆地彩色沙林沉积-成岩特征及其景观成因分析

通过分析露头剖面、岩石微观组构及主量元素等特征,探讨了陆良彩色沙林成景地层沉积环境、成岩作用及景观形态、颜色成因.研究结果表明:(1)彩色沙林成景地层为茨营组,该组沉积环境为扇三角洲相、辫状河相及滨浅湖亚相,其中砾石成分主要为碎屑岩及变质岩,磨圆度及分选性较差,砂岩类型主要为中细岩屑砂岩,颗粒以点接触为主;(2)研究区茨营组砂岩在同生成岩阶段至早成岩阶段A期形成的铁、锰氧化物是影响砂岩固结的关键因素.铁、锰氧化物及有机质含量及分布使砂岩颜色改变;(3)茨营组的沉积环境、成岩作用及构造作用是导致岩石形态及颜色变化的主要因素.     

配网居民用户侧应急抢修资源多目标选址研究

配网居民用户侧应急抢修主要针对10 kV以下的居民用户故障,其抢修处理量大、到达时间要求短.现有的应急抢修存在问题:未考虑不同地区的差异性及不确定性进行布置;抢修资源选址模型单一.在此背景下,考虑不同目标对资源配置的影响,建立配电网应急抢修资源多目标选址模型.模型中根据故障工单及天气、路况等数据构建距离、成本目标函数,同时设置覆盖面积、到达距离约束.采用基于Pareto支配的多目标粒子群算法进行优化求解,通过基于信息熵的序数偏好法得到最终优化方案.最后,通过算例验证所述模型的可行性.