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101.
Physical Stability of Octenyl Succinate–Modified Polysaccharides and Whey Proteins for Potential Use as Bioactive Carriers in Food Systems
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The high cost and potential toxicity of biodegradable polymers like poly(lactic‐co‐glycolic)acid (PLGA) has increased the interest in natural and modified biopolymers as bioactive carriers. This study characterized the physical stability (water sorption and state transition behavior) of selected starch and proteins: octenyl succinate–modified depolymerized waxy corn starch (DWxCn), waxy rice starch (DWxRc), phytoglycogen, whey protein concentrate (80%, WPC), whey protein isolate (WPI), and α‐lactalbumin (α‐L) to determine their potential as carriers of bioactive compounds under different environmental conditions. After enzyme modification and particle size characterization, glass transition temperature and moisture isotherms were used to characterize the systems. DWxCn and DWxRc had increased water sorption compared to native starch. The level of octenyl succinate anhydrate (OSA) modification (3% and 7%) did not reduce the water sorption of the DWxCn and phytoglycogen samples. The Guggenheim–Andersen–de Boer model indicated that native waxy corn had significantly (P < 0.05) higher water monolayer capacity followed by 3%‐OSA‐modified DWxCn, WPI, 3%‐OSA‐modified DWxRc, α‐L, and native phytoglycogen. WPC had significantly lower water monolayer capacity. All Tg values matched with the solid‐like appearance of the biopolymers. Native polysaccharides and whey proteins had higher glass transition temperature (Tg) values. On the other hand, depolymerized waxy starches at 7%‐OSA modification had a “melted” appearance when exposed to environments with high relative humidity (above 70%) after 10 days at 23 °C. The use of depolymerized and OSA‐modified polysaccharides blended with proteins created more stable blends of biopolymers. Hence, this biopolymer would be suitable for materials exposed to high humidity environments in food applications. 相似文献
102.
Multibody System Dynamics - A recently developed index reduction method is applied to comparatively complicated underactuated mechanical systems in the context of inverse dynamics. The inverse... 相似文献
103.
This paper considers a novel distributed iterative learning consensus control algorithm based on neural networks for the control of heterogeneous nonlinear multiagent systems. The system's unknown nonlinear function is approximated by suitable neural networks; the approximation error is countered by a robust term in the control. Two types of control algorithms, both of which utilize distributed learning laws, are provided to achieve consensus. In the provided control algorithms, the desired reference is considered to be an unknown factor and then estimated using the associated learning laws. The consensus convergence is proven by the composite energy function method. A numerical simulation is ultimately presented to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed control schemes. 相似文献
104.
为降低烟草中噁霉灵检测中的基质干扰,提高检测灵敏度和和稳定性,通过试验建立了以QuEChERS为样品前处理方法、液相色谱串联质谱仪为检测仪器的烟草中噁霉灵残留检测方法。样品加水浸润后,经丙酮提取、盐析试剂包除水、石墨化炭黑除杂后,采用Agilent ZORBAX 300SB-C8液相色谱柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8 μm)分离,甲醇-水程序洗脱,ESI雾化,串联质谱MRM检测。结果发现,该方法在0.0025~0.0500 mg/L范围内线性良好,决定系数r2=0.9996,定量检测限1.06 μg/L,回收率在90.8%~92.0%之间,相对标准偏差为5.1%。运用该方法测定烟草中的噁霉灵,操作简单,检测精度高,满足CORESTA对烟草农残检测的要求。 相似文献
106.
热轧态中锰TRIP钢首先经650 ℃退火2 h,随后在550 ℃进行等温时效热处理,采用场发射扫描电镜(FE-SEM)研究该钢中P的偏聚和时效析出行为的变化情况。结果表明,中锰TRIP钢中P在晶界的偏聚是一种非平衡偏聚现象,临界时间约为50 h,与理论计算结果48 h较为吻合。在局部偏聚区域内,C与P存在共偏聚的关系,即P偏聚量高的地方,C含量也高。而合金元素Nb具有抑制P偏聚的效果,在20~70 h时效时间内,可以相对降低6.57%~19.5%的最大P偏聚量。根据电子背散射衍射(EBSD)菊池线分析,P偏聚量低于2.28at%时,P为固溶状态,高于2.28at.%时,P为析出状态。 相似文献
107.
108.
目前对铜精矿元素含量及水分的检测大多基于试验室取样分析,存在取样代表性差,分析时间长等问题。针对上述问题,采用基于瞬发γ中子活化分析(PGNAA)技术设计的在线分析仪对国内某铜精矿样品进行主要元素含量及水分在线检测研究。结果表明:铜精矿中各主要元素含量及水分检测量线性相关性良好,满足指导铜精矿生产的要求。 相似文献
109.
Ricardo Cambraia Parreira Diana Paola Gmez‐Mendoza Itamar Couto Guedes de Jesus Rafael Pereira Lemos Anderson Kennedy Santos Cristiana Perdigo Rezende Henrique Csar Pereira Figueiredo Mauro Cunha Xavier Pinto Frank Kjeldsen Silvia Guatimosim Rodrigo Ribeiro Resende Thiago Verano‐Braga 《Proteomics. Clinical applications》2020,14(4)
110.
Mani Balamurugan Hui‐Yun Jeong Venkata Surya Kumar Choutipalli Jung Sug Hong Hongmin Seo Natarajan Saravanan Jun Ho Jang Kang‐Gyu Lee Yoon Ho Lee Sang Won Im Venkatesan Subramanian Sun Hee Kim Ki Tae Nam 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,16(25)
The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to hydrocarbons is a challenging task because of the issues in controlling the efficiency and selectivity of the products. Among the various transition metals, copper has attracted attention as it yields more reduced and C2 products even while using mononuclear copper center as catalysts. In addition, it is found that reversible formation of copper nanoparticle acts as the real catalytically active site for the conversion of CO2 to reduced products. Here, it is demonstrated that the dinuclear molecular copper complex immobilized over graphitized mesoporous carbon can act as catalysts for the conversion of CO2 to hydrocarbons (methane and ethylene) up to 60%. Interestingly, high selectivity toward C2 product (40% faradaic efficiency) is achieved by a molecular complex based hybrid material from CO2 in 0.1 m KCl. In addition, the role of local pH, porous structure, and carbon support in limiting the mass transport to achieve the highly reduced products is demonstrated. Although the spectroscopic analysis of the catalysts exhibits molecular nature of the complex after 2 h bulk electrolysis, morphological study reveals that the newly generated copper cluster is the real active site during the catalytic reactions. 相似文献