A robust and coarse surface mesh modified by interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel for oil‐water separation

A robust and coarse surface mesh was fabricated by introducing a hydrogel coating with interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) structure on stainless steel mesh. The IPN hydrogel was prepared by crosslinking polymerization of acrylic acid (AA) followed by condensation reaction of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and glutaraldehyde (GA) at room temperature. As a result, the roughness of modified mesh was enhanced obviously and oil droplet underwater showed a larger contact angle. The hydrogel‐coated surface showed an underwater superoleophobicity with an oil contact angle of 153.92 ± 1.08^°. Besides, stable wettability was observed. The mesh can selectively separate oil from water with a high separation efficiency of above 99.8%. This work provides a facile method to strengthen the coating and enhance the efficiency of oil‐water separation. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41949.     

A facile method of using sulfobetaine‐containing copolymers for biofouling resistance

Antifouling materials are desirable for many biomedical applications. In this work, the poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate‐co‐butyl methacrylate) (PSB) copolymers were investigated for their antifouling properties. The copolymers were synthesized via a simple free‐radical polymerization with feed ratio of the zwitterionic sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA) varying from 0 to 20 mol %. The polymer composition was verified by nuclear magnetic resonance. The enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay and surface plasmon resonance were used to evaluate protein adsorption on a series of PSB copolymers from the single protein solution of fibrinogen, undiluted human blood serum, and undiluted human blood plasma. Results show that the protein adsorption amount decreased with the increasing content of SBMA in the copolymers. The adsorption levels achieved by PSB containing 20 mol % SBMA (PSB20) were only 4, 17, and 15 ng/cm² from fibrinogen, serum, and plasma, respectively, which represented 99%, 90%, and 90% reduction compared with the adsorption amounts on poly(butyl methacrylate) with no SBMA. The PSB20 film also completely inhibited endothelial cell attachment. Fouling resistance of PSB polymers can be well correlated with their receding water contact angles, which represent the polymer surface compositions in aqueous environment. The excellent antifouling abilities of PSB copolymers, combined with the facial synthesis method, commercial availability of all monomers, and low cost, render them highly promising for wide practical applications. The polymers can be applied versatilely as both solvent‐cast films and surface coatings. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40789.     

胶粉改性沥青混合料细观结构的力学性能研究

通过室内试验分析了胶粉改性沥青、SBS以及普通沥青混合料按照统一级配制成的混合料试件分组进行三点弯曲试验,每一种试件分别以3种加载速率进行加载,得出它们的变形、破坏应力及劲度模量来评价其抗拉裂性能,同时借助于图像分析技术,对胶粉改性沥青进行数值模拟,比较数值模拟的结果与室内试验的结果,为胶粉沥青混合料的细观结构力学性能打下基础。     

某铁矿全尾砂胶结充填体力学性能研究

安徽某铁矿山针对西部矿区-370 m以上的矿体,以及前期预留的矿柱拟采用分段空场嗣后充填采矿法进行回采。利用该矿选场产生的全尾砂作为井下充填骨料,不仅可以减少尾矿长期堆存而产生的各种问题,节约筑坝、防灾和防洪等的工程建设费用,还能改善尾矿对环境造成的污染,为企业取得一定的社会、经济和环境效益。本文从该矿山全尾砂的物化性能入手,通过对全尾砂的物理性质测试和化学元素分析,充填体的单轴抗压强度测试、抗剪强度测试和承压变形试验,获得了不同充填料浆浓度和砂灰比与全尾砂胶结充填体力学性能的关系,为全尾砂作为矿山充填骨料提供了数据支持及理论依据。     

全尾砂沉降浓缩试验研究

尾砂高效沉降浓缩是全尾砂高浓度充填的核心,随着选矿工艺的改进,尾砂的粒径越来越细小,导致尾砂沉降浓缩愈发困难,而在尾砂浆中加入絮凝剂能够极大地提高尾砂沉降浓缩的效率。针对国内某矿山尾砂颗粒细小、沉降浓缩困难的问题,通过开展沉降浓缩试验,以固体通量和底流浓度作为评价指标,得到沉降浓缩效率最佳的絮凝剂型号、给料浓度和絮凝剂添加量,并研究了给料浓度和絮凝剂添加量对尾砂沉降效率的影响规律。结果表明：最佳絮凝剂型号为HJ70010,最佳给料浓度范围为10%~12%,最佳絮凝剂添加量范围为10~15 g/t;当给料浓度为12%、絮凝剂添加量为15 g/t时,底流浓度达到64.4%,沉降速度为26.2 m/h,固体通量为3.43 t/（h?m²）;随着给料浓度的增加,固体通量呈现先增大后减小的抛物线状变化规律,底流浓度先增大后逐渐趋于稳定;随着絮凝剂添加量的增加,固体通量先增大后趋于稳定,底流浓度呈现先增大后减小的抛物线状变化规律。     

高硫尾砂充填体强度变化规律实验研究

国内某铜矿尾砂含硫偏高,为论证该矿山能否采用尾砂胶结充填,通过尾砂充填配比实验研究高硫尾砂充填体强度变化规律。结果表明：高硫尾砂充填体在不密闭条件下养护,随龄期的增长逐渐开裂,强度先增加后逐渐减小;在密闭环境下养护,充填体未出现开裂现象,强度随龄期的增长逐渐增加至相对稳定。在不密闭条件下养护,充填体前期强度随料浆质量浓度和灰砂比的变化呈规律性增加或减小,后期强度随灰砂比或质量浓度的变化无明显规律;扫描电镜分析显示高硫尾砂充填体开裂主要是因充填体内含有大量的钙矾石和石膏等膨胀性物质。     

Oxamate Attenuates Glycolysis and ER Stress in Silicotic Mice

Glycolysis and ER stress have been considered important drivers of pulmonary fibrosis. However, it is not clear whether glycolysis and ER stress are interconnected and if those interconnections regulate the development of pulmonary fibrosis. Our previous studies found that the expression of LDHA, a key enzyme involved in glycolysis, was increased in silica-induced macrophages and silicotic models, and it was closely related to silicosis fibrosis by participating in inflammatory response. However, whether pharmacological inhibition of LDHA is beneficial to the amelioration of silicosis fibrosis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of oxamate, a potent inhibitor of LDHA, on the regulation of glycolysis and ER stress in alveolar macrophages and silicotic mice. We found that silica induced the upregulation of glycolysis and the expression of key enzymes directly involved in ER stress in NR8383 macrophages. However, treatment of the macrophages and silicotic mice with oxamate attenuated glycolysis and ER stress by inhibiting LDHA, causing a decrease in the production of lactate. Therefore, oxamate demonstrated an anti-fibrotic role by reducing glycolysis and ER stress in silicotic mice.     

炮孔底部垫层水介质爆破研究与应用

针对仓上金矿地下裂隙水丰富,爆破效果差的特征,利用水作传递爆轰能的介质,改善了爆破效果,提高了爆破质量,降低了爆破震动。     

微波热处理对马铃薯全粉品质改良及马铃薯面包消化特性的影响

采用微波热处理对马铃薯全粉进行改良,明确马铃薯脂肪酶、持水力、不溶性膳食纤维及粉质特性的变化规律。将改良后的马铃薯全粉与高筋粉按3:7比例制作马铃薯面包,研究不同微波功率对马铃薯面包品质及淀粉消化特性的影响规律。结果表明:微波热处理后的马铃薯全粉各项特性均得到改善,随着微波功率的增加,马铃薯全粉脂肪酶残余酶活降至1.23%,持水力提升至5.71 g/g,不溶性膳食纤维含量降低了21.35%。与未经微波热处理的马铃薯全粉制成的马铃薯面包相比,改良后的马铃薯面包营养及消化特性均得到了明显的改善,当微波功率为750 W时面包各项指标最优,比容提升为4.04 mL/g,硬度降为115.50 g、弹性升高为9.17 mm,抗性淀粉含量提高为43.60%,HI_WB750、PGI_WB750分别降低为67.29%、46.34,改良后的马铃薯面包抗老化能力和感官品质均有所提升。     

扩频芯片Z2000中的AFC

本文阐述了Ｚ２０００接收机内的闭环自动频率控制的工作原理，并说明如何这个系统。