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排序方式: 共有212条查询结果,搜索用时 16 毫秒
21.
Performance optimization of RZ data format in WDM systems using tunable pulse-width management at the transmitter 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Yan L.-S. Nezam S.M.R.M. Sahin A.B. McGeehan J.E. Luo T. Yu Q. Willner A.E. 《Lightwave Technology, Journal of》2005,23(3):1063-1067
Tunable pulse-width management is one of the efficient methods to enhance the robustness of return-to-zero (RZ) data formats for long-haul transmission systems. We demonstrate both single channel and 4 /spl times/ 10-Gb/s wavelength-division-multiplexed performance optimization using tunable pulse-width management. Pure RZ single with tunable pulse-width is generated by changing the driving voltages on a phase modulator and the dispersion values of a tunable dispersion element simultaneously according to our simulation results. Varying the pulse width from 50 to 10 ps at the transmitter can almost double the transmission distance with 4% variation in the residual link dispersion. 相似文献
22.
Electrically controllable all-fiber PMD emulator using a compact array of thin-film microheaters 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Hauer M.C. Yu Q. Lyons E.R. Lin C.H. Au A.A. Lee H.P. Willner A.E. 《Lightwave Technology, Journal of》2004,22(4):1059-1065
An electrically controllable, all-fiber polarization-mode dispersion (PMD) emulator is constructed using thin-film microheaters to temperature tune the birefringence of 30 PM-fiber sections spliced at 45/spl deg/ angles. Compact packaging is achieved by mounting the fiber heaters onto an array of silicon V-grooves. The advantages of this electrically tunable emulator design are low loss, negligible PDL, simple construction, no internal reflections, and no moving parts. 相似文献
23.
P Willner 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1997,12(6):297-308
The dopamine hypothesis of schizophrenia is reviewed in the context of recent advances in dopamine research. These include the following: the discovery that there are several subtypes of dopamine receptor, the recognition that the activity of dopamine neurons is controlled by negative feedback systems; insights into the functions of different subsystems of dopamine neurons; the discovery that different subsystems of dopamine neurons interact with one another; and a growing understanding of the functions and mode of operation of the forebrain regions that the dopamine projections innervate. The paper reviews some of the complexities that the dopamine hypothesis has encountered, and continues to encounter, with a particular focus on three issues: the adequacy of our understanding of neuroleptic drug action, the heterogeneity of schizophrenic symptoms and the paucity of direct evidence to support the hypothesis. It is concluded that schizophrenia does not reflect primary abnormalities of dopamine transmission, but probably does reflect abnormalities in systems that have an intimate interaction with the dopamine system. The primary substrates for schizophrenia will probably be found within the major targets of the ascending dopamine projections: the fronto-striato-pallido-thalamic loops, and the limbic structures, such as amygdala and hippocampus, with which the fronto-striatal system interacts. 相似文献
24.
J Orphal A Frenzel H Grothe B Redlich D Scheffler H Willner C Zetzsch 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1998,191(1):88-92
In this study, we assessed the influence of three analgesic techniques on postoperative knee rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Forty-five patients scheduled for elective TKA under general anesthesia were randomly divided into three groups. Postoperative analgesia was provided with i.v. patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) with morphine in Group A, continuous 3-in-1 block in Group B, and epidural analgesia in Group C. Immediately after surgery, the three groups started identical physical therapy regimens. Pain scores, supplemental analgesia, side effects, degree of maximal knee flexion, day of first walk, and duration of hospital stay were recorded. Patients in Groups B and C reported significantly lower pain scores than those in Group A. Supplemental analgesia was comparable in the three groups. Compared with Groups A and C, a significantly lower incidence of side effects was noted in Group B. Significantly better knee flexion (until 6 wk after surgery), faster ambulation, and shorter hospital stay were noted in Groups B and C. However, these benefits did not affect outcome at 3 mo. We conclude that, after TKA, continuous 3-in-1 block and epidural analgesia provide better pain relief and faster knee rehabilitation than i.v. PCA with morphine. Because it induces fewer side effects, continuous 3-in-1 block should be considered the technique of choice. Implications: In this study, we determined that, after total knee arthroplasty, loco-regional analgesic techniques (epidural analgesia or continuous 3-in-1 block) provide better pain relief and faster postoperative knee rehabilitation than i.v. patient-controlled analgesia with morphine. Because it causes fewer side effects than epidural analgesia, continuous 3-in-1 block is the technique of choice. 相似文献
25.
26.
W. Shieh S.H. Huang A.E. Willner 《Photonics Technology Letters, IEEE》1996,8(4):533-535
We demonstrate a polarization-independent and contrast-ratio-enhancing all-optical wavelength shifting module using polarization-dependent SOA's. When comparing our robust module to a single polarization-dependent SOA wavelength shifter, we reduce the polarization dependence from 3.5-0.5 dB and the contrast-ratio-induced power penalty from 5-1.5 dB when upshifting over 19 nm at 1 Gb/s. 相似文献
27.
Beschreibung eines empirischen, mit einer Regressionsanalyse erstellten mathematischen Modells des Elektro-Schlacke-Umschmelzverfahrens. Aussagen über das stationäre Modell mit globalen Beziehungen zwischen Eingangs- und Zielgrößen und Eignung für eine Parameteroptimierung. Angabe der Modellkoeffizienten und Rangfolge des Einflusses der verschiedenen Variablen auf die jeweils betrachtete Ergebnisgröße. Erläuterung der wichtigsten Modellbeziehungen anhand von Bildern und Vergleich mit bekannten Ergebnissen. 相似文献
28.
Guo‐Feng Luo Yonatan Biniuri Margarita Vzquez‐Gonzlez Verena Wulf Michael Fadeev Ronit Lavi Itamar Willner 《Advanced functional materials》2019,29(33)
A series of metal ion‐terpyridine‐modified L‐tyrosinamide aptamers (Mn + = Cu2+ or Fe3+) act as enzyme‐mimicking catalysts (nucleoapzymes) for oxygen‐insertion into C? H bonds and the transformation of L‐tyrosinamide into amidodopachrome. The reaction proceeds in the presence of H2O2 and coadded L‐ascorbic acid. In one series of experiments, the catalyzed oxidation of L‐tyrosinamide to amidodopachrome by a set of nucleoapzymes consisting of Fe3+‐ or Cu2+‐terpyridine complexes tethered directly or through a 4 × thymidine (4 × T) bridge, to the 5′‐ or 3′‐end of the 49‐mer L‐tyrosinamide aptamer or to a shorter 23‐mer L‐tyrosinamide aptamer is examined. All nucleoapzymes reveal catalytic Michaelis–Menten enzyme‐like activities and the separated Fe3+‐ or Cu2+‐terpyridine and L‐tyrosinamide aptamer units show only minute catalytic properties. The catalytic activities of the nucleoapzymes are attributed to the concentration of the L‐tyrosinamide substrate by the aptamer units in proximity to the catalytic sites (Kd = (14 ± 0.1) × 10?6 m for all 49‐mer catalysts and Kd = (2.5 ± 0.1) × 10?6 m and Kd = (0.8 ± 0.04) × 10?6 m for the 23‐mer catalysts). Electron spin resonance experiments reveal that ?OH radicals and ascorbate radicals participate in the transformation of tyrosine derivatives to catechol products. An autocatalytic feedback mechanism for the amplified generation of the two radicals is suggested. 相似文献
29.
Stimuli‐Responsive Nucleic Acid‐Based Polyacrylamide Hydrogel‐Coated Metal–Organic Framework Nanoparticles for Controlled Drug Release 下载免费PDF全文
Wei‐Hai Chen Wei‐Ching Liao Yang Sung Sohn Michael Fadeev Alessandro Cecconello Rachel Nechushtai Itamar Willner 《Advanced functional materials》2018,28(8)
The synthesis of doxorubicin‐loaded metal–organic framework nanoparticles (NMOFs) coated with a stimuli‐responsive nucleic acid‐based polyacrylamide hydrogel is described. The formation of the hydrogel is stimulated by the crosslinking of two polyacrylamide chains, PA and PB, that are functionalized with two nucleic acid hairpins ( 4 ) and ( 5 ) using the strand‐induced hybridization chain reaction. The resulting duplex‐bridged polyacrylamide hydrogel includes the anti‐ATP (adenosine triphosphate) aptamer sequence in a caged configuration. The drug encapsulated in the NMOFs is locked by the hydrogel coating. In the presence of ATP that is overexpressed in cancer cells, the hydrogel coating is degraded via the formation of the ATP–aptamer complex, resulting in the release of doxorubicin drug. In addition to the introduction of a general means to synthesize drug‐loaded stimuli‐responsive nucleic acid‐based polyacrylamide hydrogel‐coated NMOFs hybrids, the functionalized NMOFs resolve significant limitations associated with the recently reported nucleic acid‐gated drug‐loaded NMOFs. The study reveals substantially higher loading of the drug in the hydrogel‐coated NMOFs as compared to the nucleic acid‐gated NMOFs and overcomes the nonspecific leakage of the drug observed with the nucleic‐acid‐protected NMOFs. The doxorubicin‐loaded, ATP‐responsive, hydrogel‐coated NMOFs reveal selective and effective cytotoxicity toward MDA‐MB‐231 breast cancer cells, as compared to normal MCF‐10A epithelial breast cells. 相似文献
30.
Donor/Acceptor‐Modified Electrodes for Photoelectrochemical and Photobioelectrochemical Applications 下载免费PDF全文
Tzuriel S. Metzger Chanchayya Gupta Chandaluri Ran Tel‐Vered Roy Shenhar Itamar Willner 《Advanced functional materials》2016,26(39):7148-7155
A 7‐pyrrolidino‐7‐benzylamino‐8,8‐dicyanoquinodimethane, PBEDQ, ( 1 ), donor–acceptor–modified electrode yields, in the presence of hydroquinone, ( 2 ), an anodic photocurrent with quantum efficiency of 1.5%. The PBEDQ‐functionalized electrode yields, in the presence of the electron acceptor diquat, ( 3 ), a cathodic photocurrent with a quantum efficiency corresponding to 2.1%. The electron transfer cascades leading to the anodic or cathodic photocurrents in the different systems are discussed. It is further demonstrated that the integration of 1,4‐dihydronicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, NADH, as electron donor, with the PBEDQ‐modified electrode leads to an anodic photocurrent. This allowed the assembly of a photobioelectrochemical integrated electrode composed of the photoactive PBEDQ donor–acceptor compound, NAD+ as cofactor, and the NAD+‐dependent glucose dehydrogenase, GDH. Irradiation of the integrated electrode in the presence of glucose results in the GDH–biocatalyzed oxidation of glucose to gluconic acid with the concomitant generation of NADH that acts as electron donor for the photoactive donor–acceptor PBEDQ units, leading to the generation of steady‐state anodic photocurrent. The photocurrent intensities are controlled by the concentrations of glucose. The integrated PBEDQ/NAD+/GDH electrodes introduces a functional photobioelectrochemical electrode for the detection of glucose, and demonstrates the assembly of a functional photo‐biofuel cell that uses light and a biomass product (glucose) for the generation of electric power. 相似文献