大跨度建筑开合屋顶形式设计研究

当前大跨度建筑已越来越注重用建筑屋顶的形式表达其丰富的设计理念,从目前国内外典型大跨度建筑开合屋顶工程实例中分析可知,在功能与形式、技术与艺术、精神生活与物质场所、建筑的"两观三性"等几对矛盾的统摄下,其设计方法可从具体物的抽象、具体逻辑关系的抽象、具体动作的抽象中获取概念,最终以抽象出来的概念作为设计的出发点,使其唯"真"、唯"善"而趋"美"。     

Polychlorinated naphthalenes in air and snow in the Norwegian Arctic: a local source or an Eastern Arctic phenomenon?

PCNs were measured in air and snow during separate field campaigns at Ny-Alesund (April 2001) and Troms? (February/March 2003) in the Norwegian Arctic. Air concentrations ranged from 27 to 48 and 9 to 47 pg sigmaPCN m(-3) for Ny-Alesund (n=6) and Troms? (n=10), respectively. These concentrations (including the tri-chlorinated naphthalenes) greatly exceeded concentrations previously measured in the Canadian Arctic, but did fall within the upper range of concentrations observed over the eastern Arctic Ocean and regional seas. Local sources appear to be affecting concentrations observed at both sites, with the presence of several hexa-chlorinated naphthalenes at Troms? probably attributed to local/regional sources. Use of air mass back trajectories at Troms? revealed that background air concentrations in the Norwegian Arctic are likely to range between <9 and 20 pg sigmaPCN m(-3) and that contemporary concentrations derived close to potential sources (i.e. arctic towns) may equal or exceed those of PCBs. The mean concentration in surface snow was 350 and 240 pg sigmaPCN L(-1) (meltwater) (or 0.014 and 0.01 pg g(-1) (snow)) at Ny-Alesund and Troms?, respectively. The wide variation in concentrations observed between fresh snowfalls could be explained by different snow densities (as a surrogate of snow surface area), rather than attributed to varying air concentrations. A statistically significant inverse relationship was found between snow density and concentrations of tri- to penta-chlorinated homologues and compliments similar findings for the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). This suggests that the vapour-sorbed quantity changes rapidly with snow ageing/compaction; with implications for the fate of these chemicals in the Arctic.     

中庭火灾烟气测试方法的研究

主要论述了国内外中庭建筑内火灾实验时根据火灾和烟气特性对一些相关参数进行测试的手段和方法 ,认为应根据实验条件的不同 ,灵活选择并建立相应的测试系统平台。     

深圳地铁一期工程地下防腐措施及提高耐久性对策

介绍了深圳地铁一期工程沿线地下水情况,分析了水质中化学介质对主体结构的腐蚀性机理,并对深圳地铁一期工程所采取的防腐措施作了详细阐述,最后结合工程实际,较为全面地提出了地铁工程提高耐久性的对策     

Experimental study on the life prediction of servo motors through model-based system degradation assessment and accelerated degradation testing

The advent of smart factories has resulted in the frequent utilization of industrial robots within factories to increase production automation and efficiency. Due to the increase in the number of industrial robots, it has become more important to prevent any unexpected breakdowns of the factory. As a result, the lifespan prediction of machinery has become a crucial factor because such failures can be directly associated with factory productivity resulting in significant losses. Most of the failures occur within one of the core components of the robot arm, the servo motor, and thus we will focus on the analysis of the servo motor in this study. However, sensor attachment to such equipment is considered difficult due to the dynamic movement of the robot arm, meaning that internal instrumentation should be utilized during analysis. In addition, no definite measure to determine the degradation of the motor exists, and thus a new degradation index is proposed in this study. Therefore, in this study, the lifespan of the servo motor will be estimated through accelerated degradation testing methods based on a new system degradation assessment method, which estimates the fault of the system using observer-based residuals with encoder data obtained from internal instrumentation.     

A study on piezoelectric energy harvester using kinetic energy of ocean

Electricity generation through fossil fuels has caused environmental pollution. Accordingly, research on new renewable energy (solar, wind, geothermal heat, etc.) to replace fossil fuels and solve this problem is in progress. These devices can consistently generate power. However, they have several drawbacks, such as high installation costs and limitations in possible set-up environments. Therefore, the piezoelectric harvesting technology, which is able to overcome the limitations of existing energy technologies, is actively being studied. The piezoelectric harvesting technology uses the piezoelectric effect, which occurs in crystals that generate voltage when stress is applied. Its advantages include a wider installation base and a lower technological cost. This study investigated a piezoelectric energy-harvesting device based on constant wave motion. This device can harvest power in a constant turbulent flow in the middle of the sea. The components of the device are circuitry, percussion bar, triple layer piezoelectric bender, bearing and rudder. A multiphysical analysis coupled with the structure and piezoelectric elements was also conducted to estimate the device performance. The analysis accuracy was improved by applying the impact energy to the bender calculated based on the shape of the wave in the East Sea. The proposed device’s performance was finally confirmed by experiments.     

Comparison of ablative and compressive mechanical behavior of several PICA-like ablative materials

It is significant to compare the ablative and compressive mechanical behavior of different PICA-like materials in the engineering applications. The plasma wind tunnel ablation tests with high-entropy air and CO_2 atmospheres, and compressive experiments in the ambient and 150℃, were conducted for three kinds of PICA-like materials(CF/PR-Si, CBCF/PR-SiOC and NQF/PR-Si composites). The traditional carbon/phenolic(C/PR) braided composites were also used for comparison. PICA-like materials have the better thermal insulation than traditional C/PR composite, especially for CBCF/PR-SiOC composite. The ablation behavior of CF/PR-Si and CBCF/PR-SiOC PICA-like materials in the CO_2 atmosphere can produce a large amount of SiO_2 in the form of coatings, oxide layers and skeletons on the ablated surface, which are greatly different from that in the air atmosphere.The compressive behavior of PICA-like material is greatly depended on the fiber fabrics, and exhibits the large discrete characteristics. The longer fiber in the PICA-like materials plays the role in maintaining the material integrity, while it may increase the thermal conductivity.     

增塑剂对纤维素膜表面结构和性能的影响

天然纤维素膜不经任何处理直接干燥,膜发脆、卷曲,作用不大.采用甘油做增塑剂来改变纤维素膜的柔顺性,研究了不同的增塑条件对纤维素膜表面结构和性能的影响及甘油的塑化机理.通过力学性能测试、表面形态的观察及红外光谱分析,研究表明,甘油在一定程度上改变了纤维素膜的柔顺性,但同时却使纤维素膜的力学性能变差,并且增塑的膜经水洗后,甘油易流失,增塑效果减弱.