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91.
Rh/Lil/SnR4 is an effective catalyst system for the conversion of methyl formate to acetic acid under carbon monoxide pressure. The effects
of solvent and initial CO partial pressure on the turnover rate of the reaction were investigated. The possibility of replacing
some of the iodide promoters by tin compounds has been probed. 相似文献
92.
93.
Temporal order and functional analysis of mutations within the Fli-1 and p53 genes during the erythroleukemias induced by F-MuLV 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
JC Howard S Yousefi G Cheong A Bernstein Y Ben-David 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》1993,8(10):2721-2729
The erythroleukemias induced by Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV) result from the accumulation of a number of genetic changes, including activation of the Fli-1 proto-oncogene and inactivation of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. We have determined the temporal order of mutation of the genes involved in this multistage malignancy, by serial in vivo transplantation of F-MuLV induced primary erythroleukemias into syngenic Balb/c mice. These primary tumors are capable of growing when transplanted into syngenic mice, but die after several days of in vitro culture. From the transplanted tumors grown in syngenic mice, erythropoietin-dependent cell lines were established in culture that are clonally related to cells in the primary tumors. We show that retroviral insertional activation of the Fli-1 ets family member is the first detectable genetic event in F-MuLV induced primary erythroleukemias. Mutations in the p53 gene were observed in the Epo-dependent cell lines but not in the transplanted erythroleukemias used to establish these cell lines in culture. These data suggest that activation of Fli-1 plays an important role in the early stages of F-MuLV-induced leukemia, perhaps by altering the self-renewal probabilities of erythroid progenitor cells and that p53 mutations immortalize these cells, enabling them to grow in vitro in the presence of Epo. 相似文献
94.
In connection with the specific features of high velocity aerated flow generated by hydraulic engineering structures, the mathematical model is developed for high turbulence air-water two-phase flow with the use of twin flow theoretical model in this paper. Furthermore the numerical method is proposed to treat bubbled flows. In addition, on the basis of air-water stratified twin flow model, the new calculation methods and free surface tracking technique are proposed to describe complicated movements of the free surface. Finally, the proposed model is used to calculate artificial aerated flows. The computed results coincide quite well with experimental results. This means that the proposed method can provide solid basis for practical engineering design. 相似文献
95.
Although the dams produce remarkable social and economic benefits, the threat made by unsafe dams to the life and property of people who live in the lower river area is un-negligible. Based on the monitoring data which reflect the safety condition of dams, the risk degree concept is proposed and the analysis system and model for evaluating risk degree (rate) are established in this paper by combining the reliability theory and field monitoring data. The analysis method for risk degree is presented based on Bayesian approach. A five-grade risk degree system for dam operation risk and corresponding risk degree is put forward according to the safety condition of dams. The operation risks of four cascade dams on some river are analyzed by the model and approach presented here and the result is adopted by the owner. 相似文献
96.
Fanggao Chang Tao Li Yongxia Ge Zhenping Chen Zhongshi Liu Xiping Jing 《Journal of Materials Science》2007,42(17):7109-7115
DC resistivity, dielectric constant, dielectric loss and positron annihilation spectra of (Ba1−x
Ho
x
)TiO3 ceramics have been measured as a function of holmium concentration x. It has been found that the DC resistivity of (Ba1−x
Ho
x
)TiO3 is strongly dependent on the Ho content: it decreases three orders of magnitude and reaches a minimum at x = 0.4%. Doping with 0.6% holmium increases the permittivity of BaTiO3 by approximately three times (from ∼1,300 to ∼4,000), with only a slight increase in the corresponding dielectric loss. The
local electron density and defect concentration estimated using positron annihilation technique conforms well to the features
found in the dielectric and resistivity measurements. The results have been discussed in terms of a mixed compensation model. 相似文献
97.
Document caching and connection caching are extensively studied problems. In document caching, one has to maintain caches
containing documents accessible in a network. In connection caching, one has to maintain a set of open network connections
that handle data transfer. Previous work investigated these two problems separately while in practice the problems occur together:
In order to load a document, one has to establish a connection between network nodes if the required connection is not already
open. In this paper we present the first study that integrates document and connection caching. We first consider a very basic
model in which all documents have the same size and the cost of loading a document or establishing a connection is equal to
1. We present deterministic and randomized online algorithms that achieve nearly optimal competitive ratios unless the size
of the connection cache is extremely small. We then consider general settings where documents have varying sizes. We investigate
a FAULT model in which the loading cost of a document is 1 as well as a BIT model in which the loading cost is equal to the
size of the document. 相似文献
98.
Non-redundant data clustering 总被引:6,自引:6,他引:0
Data clustering is a popular approach for automatically finding classes, concepts, or groups of patterns. In practice, this
discovery process should avoid redundancies with existing knowledge about class structures or groupings, and reveal novel,
previously unknown aspects of the data. In order to deal with this problem, we present an extension of the information bottleneck
framework, called coordinated conditional information bottleneck, which takes negative relevance information into account by maximizing a conditional mutual information score subject to
constraints. Algorithmically, one can apply an alternating optimization scheme that can be used in conjunction with different
types of numeric and non-numeric attributes. We discuss extensions of the technique to the tasks of semi-supervised classification
and enumeration of successive non-redundant clusterings. We present experimental results for applications in text mining and
computer vision. 相似文献
99.
Shou-ren Wang Hao-ran Geng Lin-hai Hui Ying-zi Wang 《Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance》2007,16(1):113-118
A multiphase reticulated porous ceramic (RPC) as Si3N4–Al2O3–SiO2 was fabricated by replication techniques. Proper volumes of additives and twice sinter- twice immerse process endow the RPC
an excellent crack healing and submerging property. The compressive strength and fracture toughness improved owing to the
crack bridging behavior. The existence of pores in struts in RPC blunt the crack tip and increased the external force needed
to propagate the crack. The mechanisms play a beneficial role in enhancing the compressive strength and fracture strength.
Si3N4 RPC with additives of 5%Al and 5% Al2O3 yielded the compressive strength of 9.8 MPa and fracture toughness of 0.3 MPa m1/2. 相似文献
100.