流固耦合的多元结构深厚覆盖层透水地基的力学特性

深厚覆盖层多元结构坝基在渗流过程中各土层力学差异明显,分析时关注的具体问题也不尽相同,需要深入研究。基于比奥固结理论,考虑土体的非线性流变以及土体固结变形过程中孔隙度、渗透系数、弹性模量及泊松比的变化;借助ADINA流固耦合模块来模拟西藏达嘎水电站坝基渗流场与应力场耦合过程,分析各层力学特性及相互作用。研究表明,透水性较强的表层土体是渗流主要通道,也是渗流进出区和沉降变形体现区,应在上游采取措施提高其压缩模量,下游区域增设反滤层和排水设施;坝基中的粉细砂层是坝基沉降的主要原因,对坝基沉降起主导作用,同时应注意其液化特性对坝基的不利影响;坝基中的承压含水土层对下游上部结构产生向上顶托力,若位置较深,则破坏性较小;坝基深部土层对整个坝基的渗流破坏影响较小,但对沉降和渗流量的影响不可忽视;表层砂卵砾石层和粉细砂层的渗透系数相差较小时,土层间不会发生接触冲刷。此外,还发现坝基孔隙水压力在快速衰减阶段被消散,期间土体固结较快。垂直防渗墙能有效降低渗透坡降和渗流量,将坝基沉降变形控制在防渗墙上游区域,但上游坝基变形对防渗墙产生较大的水平推力,应加大防渗墙尺寸或者采用辅助渗控措施。     

多雇主软件需求优选的存档NSGA-II算法

为解决多雇主的软件系统需求优选问题,使得所有雇主同时达到最优满意度,提出基于存档的NSGA-Ⅱ算法,通过将多雇主需求优选问题定义为多目标优化问题,自动而有效地求解满足数量较多的雇主需求优化目标的解集.实验结果表明:本文提出的需求优选方法,能够在资源和成本的限制下,求解一个令尽可能多雇主满意的需求集,在雇主平均满意度、最小满意度、满意度方差等评价指标上均优于基线方法.基于存档NSGA-Ⅱ遗传算法的需求优选方法能够为软件工程需求分析提供科学、合理的优选方案.     

Effect of wafer size on the film internal stress measurement by wafer curvature method

Wafer curvature method has been applied to determine the internal stress in the films using Stoney’s equation. During the film deposition, the wafer fixation on the sample holder will restrict the deformation of the rectangle-shaped wafer, which may result in the stress datum difference along length and width direction. In this paper, the effect of wafer size and the wafer fixation on the TiN film internal stress measured by wafer curvature method was discussed. The rectangle-shaped wafers with different length/width ratios (L/W=1:1, 2:1, 3:1 and 4:1) were fixed as a cantilever beam. After the TiN films deposition, the profiles of the film/wafer were measured using a stylus profilometer and then the internal stress was calculated using the Stoney equation in the film. The results showed that the fixed end of the wafers limited to some degree the curvature of the wafers along the width direction. For film internal stress measured by wafer curvature method, the wafer profile should be scanned along the length direction and the scan distance should be greater than or equal to half of wafer length. When the length/width ratio of the wafer reached 3:1, the wafer curvature and the calculated stress were basically the same at different positions along the length direction. For film internal stress measured by wafer curvature method, it was recommended that the length/width ratio of wafer should be considered to be greater than or equal to 3:1, and the deformed profile was scanned along the length direction.     

600 mesh silicon carbide corona protection varnish with epoxy/OMMT nano-composite adhesive

A new corona protection varnish was prepared by using epoxy/montmorillonite nano-composite and pure epoxy resin as adhesives respectively. The adhesive with different amounts of organic montmorillonite (OMMT) was mixed with 1200 mesh silicon carbide (SiC) by different weight ratios. The surface states of the varnishes with various adhesives were observed by powerful optical microscope. Some properties of the varnishes were analyzed during the enduring time under 5kV/cm DC, such as the relation of change in nonlinear coefficient, natural surface resistivity, and surface temperature variation. The results showed that the amounts of OMMT had little effect on the natural surface resistance of the varnish but had important influence on the nonlinear property of the varnish. When the range of the OMMT content was 2wt% to 6wt%, the nonlinear coefficient of all materials with epoxy/OMMT nano-composite adhesive was higher than that with pure epoxy resin adhesive. The surface temperature of the varnish with epoxy/OMMT nanocomposite adhesive was all lower than that with the pure epoxy resin adhesive under high electrical field strength.     

我国智慧城市发展现状与问题研究

目前我国智慧城市正处于试点推广阶段,还存在发展导向不明确、建设标准不统一等诸多理论和实践问题.为了更好地服务智慧城市的发展,基于城市结构和功能的再造理念,从城市规划、建设与管理的全过程进行阐释智慧城市的内容,分析智慧城市发展现状,针对智慧城市建设中存在的顶层设计缺位、城市管理效能低下等问题,提出加强一体化顶层设计、优化智慧城市发展环境等建议,从而为我国智慧城市的可持续发展提供参考.     

The Dynamical FSI Simulation for Bellows Inflating to Disperse Bomblets

According to the characteristics of fluid-structure interaction(FSI) in the process of metal bellows inflating to disperse bomblets,a 3D dynamical FSI model(W model) which describes the interaction between a viscous compressible flow and a structure undergoing large deformationis established.Then the dynamic characteristics of the metal bellows deformation, the changing law of the internal flow field and the motion law of the bombs are acquired.Where the internal pressure and bombs'' moving law are approximate to interior ballistic results, which indicates the W model established reasonably.Besides, considering gaps existing atthe bellows'' tow ends, the dynamical FSI modelcontaining gaps(Y model) is also built.The results of the W and Y models are compared and the results show that the existence of the gaps has little influence to the flow field and the stress distributionin the bellows,but obviously reduces the separation speed of the bomblets about 10%.     

群策式智能多联机末端在大学教学楼的设计应用与分析

建筑能耗占全国能耗比重较大,中央空调在公共建筑中使用广泛,滥用无管理使得公共建筑夏季空调能耗很高。本文针对大学中多联机中央空调系统以末端智能调控系统控制策略方向为目的进行基于群策控制智能末端控制改造,达到节能的目的。通过单片机对空调控制面板进行电信号控制,数据判断及传输通过总服务器进行计算。控制方式采用自动控制与群策相结合,由微信公众号进行查询及发送命令,通过网络传输和数据库相连。数据库录入空调系统使用教室信息、工作及学习时段表等相关数据。从调研、设计、模拟来看,节能效果显著,最理想节能量可达84%,在调研过程中大部分学生对此可接受。     

新建工程类本科院校服务地方经济发展的对策

新建工程类本科院校在服务地方经济与社会发展方面有重要作用。剖析了新建工程类本科院校在服务地方经济发展过程中发展定位、课程设置、实践锻炼、经济效益、人才队伍等方面存在的问题,并从找准发展定位、科学设置课程、政产学研联合、合理配置师资等方面提出了有针对性的对策。     

基于SWMM的铁心桥实验基地内涝防治效果模拟

基于南京水科院铁心桥实验基地的地形、下垫面条件等数据构建了SWMM,模拟了实验基地象目湖观景平台和水上餐厅两个监测点在不同降雨重现期、低影响开发措施、溢流孔设置和水泵强排条件下受淹情况。结果表明,初始水位较低(25.1 m)时,象目湖遭遇500年一遇的降雨事件时水位并未抬升至水上餐厅。初始水位较高(25.6 m)时,200年一遇和500年一遇的降雨事件中水上餐厅受淹持续时间分别为7 h和11 h。采用集水池、雨水花园和生物滞留池3种LID措施对象目湖水位峰值影响模拟结果显示,在5年或10年一遇的降雨事件中雨水花园和集水池可以分别降低象目湖峰值水位0.06 m和0.02 m,生物滞留池没有削减峰值水位。在降雨量为218.5 mm的20160707次降雨事件中LID措施削减象目湖水位效果不明显。水泵抽排流量越大,象目湖水位越早回落到观景平台以下。LID在应对造成城市内涝的低频次、短历时强降雨方面作用有限,铁心桥实验基地象目湖内涝防治应以加强水文气象预测和水位管理、加大溢流孔尺寸和采用水泵强排等措施为主。     

三榀高性能钢－混凝土组合楼板激励响应互相关分析

基于研发的空气调频激励装置,以三榀高性能钢－混凝土组合楼板模型激励响应动力特性试验测试为基础,通过构建榀－榀互相关函数分析模式,进行了该类型组合楼板结构的加速度激励响应和位移激励响应榀－榀互相关分析。研究表明,组合楼板榀与榀之间的加速度响应与位移响应激励过程由瞬态、稳态和衰减三个阶段组成。在瞬态阶段、稳态阶段和衰减阶段的阶段性互相关系数大小不一,互相关分布规律不同。瞬态阶段互相关性表现出稳定的抛物线分布规律;稳态阶段互相关分布规律呈现平滑的抛物线分布状态;衰减阶段互相关性均表现出榔头型分布规律。