初生硅在熔体中的溶解动力学

研究了初生硅在熔体中的溶解特性，并以原子扩散为模型，考虑界面反应等因素的影响，建立了初生硅在过热熔体中的溶解动力学模型。同时以Al-17%Si合金为研究对象，采用等温液淬技术，对所建立的模型进行了实验验证。结果表明，初生硅在熔体中的溶解机制不是单纯受扩散控制的，而是由扩散、界面反应共同作用的结果，文中所建立的初生硅溶解模型可以较好地描述初生硅在不同温度过热熔体中的溶解特性。     

微量Re对93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金性能及微观组织的影响

采用经高能球磨的超细93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe预合金粉末，并添加少量的Re，经压制，烧结制取试样。研究Re对93W-4.9Ni-2.1Fe合金性能和微观组织的影响。用机械式拉力试验机测量试样拉伸强度，用扫描电镜观察试样拉伸断1：3的形貌，用金相显微镜对试样显微组织进行测试分析。结果表明：当添加0％-0．8％Re（质量分数，下同）时，随着Re添加量的增加，合金的相对密度稳定在99．43％～99．49％，烧结样品延伸率从不加Re时的26．47％降至0．8％Re时的14．71％，合金的抗拉强度由不加Re时的1025MPa增加到0．8％Re时的1142MPa，合金拉伸断口收缩率由不加Re时的20．45％降至0．8％Re时的10．91％；随着Re含量的增加，合金中W晶粒的穿晶解理断裂的比例增加，而粘结相延性断裂的比例减少；随着Re含量的增加，合金中W晶粒尺寸明显减小，由不加Re时的40μm-45μm减小到添加0．8％Re时的20μm-25μm。     

富钛BaO-TiO2(Ti/Ba=4～4.5)系微波介质陶瓷

采用固相反应法制备了富钛BaTi4+xO9+2x(x=0.0-0.50)微波介质陶瓷,探讨了TiO2含量以及烧结温度对物相组成和介电性能的影响.在1300～1350 ℃烧结BaTi4+xO9+2x陶瓷即可达到约98%的相对密度.当x≤0.28时,BaTi4+xO9+2x陶瓷为BaTi4O9单相.随TiO2含量的增加,BaTi4+xO9+2x陶瓷从BaTi4O9单相逐渐转变成以BaTi4O9为主相,同时出现TiO2和Ba2Ti9O20相,并且随烧结温度提高,TiO2含量较多的试样中出现更多的Ba2Ti9O20相.随TiO2含量的增加介电常数逐渐增大,而Qf值呈下降趋势.Qf值从x=0.0时的约40 000 GHz逐渐降低至x=0.50时的15 000 GHz.     

不锈钢过钝化－二次钝化的研究

通过对３０４不锈钢在较高电位下过钝化和二次钝化的稳态过程和电化学交流阻抗（ＥＩＳ）的分析，认为不锈钢过钝化和二次钝化现象与膜／溶液（ｆ／ｓ）界面上的电化学反应有密切关系，并通过理论模型分析，解释了过钝化和二次过钝化膜在高电位下溶解速度高，而在开路自腐蚀电位下反而有较好的稳定性这一现象．     

离子束增强沉积CrN膜层及其微动摩擦学性能研究

以不同氮离子辅助轰击能量制备CrN膜层．利用纳米压入仪及显微硬度计分别测试单晶Si片上膜层的硬度及断裂韧度K1C．使用XRD、XPS及EPMA分析离子轰击能量对镀层组织结构的影响。结果表明，采用能量较低的氮离子轰击得到的涂层，由于金属Cr的存在，涂层硬度虽有所降低，但断裂韧度K1C数值较高。选择较低的4keV辅助轰击能量，在M2高速钢基体上沉积CrN涂层，膜层在空气介质中表现出优异的耐磨减摩特性.但在水介质条件下，由于膜层接触区域的去钝化，再钝化使腐蚀和磨损相互加速，导致CrN膜层摩擦系数，尤其是磨损量明显高于基材。     

脉冲磁场下铝合金定向凝固磁场分布数值模拟

采用ANSYS 8.0有限元分析软件对铝合金脉冲磁场定向凝固磁场分布作了数值模拟,得到了凝固过程中的磁场分布状态.结果表明:在试样中心附近磁感应强度较强,而在端部较弱.模拟结果和实验测得结果相符合.通过数值模拟,不仅可以初步了解凝固过程中的磁场分布状态,而且有助于进一步研究凝固组织细化的原因.     

从斜轧技术发展看自动轧管机组的改造方向

对斜轧技术的发展和传统斜轧“横锻效应”的副作用作的介绍和分析，并列举几种新型的斜轧穿孔和轧管设备的特点，提出用三步成型轧管工艺代替老式多工序轧管工艺以改造现有自动轧管机组。     

Friction stir welding of AZ31 magnesium alloy

Friction stir welding (FSW) is an new solid-phase joining technology which has more advantages over fusion welding methods in welding of aluminum and other non-ferrous metals. The effects of welding parameters on mechanical properties and microstructure during friction stir welding of AZ31 magnesium alloy were studied in this paper. Microstructures and mechanical properties of the joints were investigated by means of optical microscopy, scanning electric microscopy ( SEM ) , micro-hardness analysis, and tensile test. Experimental results show that the magnesium alloy can be successfully welded by FSW method, and the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) of FSW joint reaches up to 90 percent of base metal. The microstructures of welded joints exhibit the variation from dynamically recrystallized fine grains to greatly deformed grains. Hardness in nugget zone was found lower than the base metal but not too obvious.     

挤压模具型腔轮廊曲线优化拟合分析

采用三次样条函数插值和Bezier曲线拟合两种方法来完成挤压模具型腔轮廓形状的优化设计 ,以挤压表面载荷沿凹模型腔轮廓表面均匀分布来提高模具寿命为优化目标 ,运用刚塑性有限元分析和修正的序列二次规划算法相结合的方法 ,获得了各自优化了的凹模型腔轮廓曲线。通过有限元软件验证了优化结果的有效性和可行性。将这些方法应用于气门及其他类似零件的生产 ,证明了优化的凹模型腔轮廓曲线对提高模具使用寿命有显著效果     

Infrared heat treatment of Ti-6Al-4V with electroplated Cu

The objective of this study is to investigate an innovative infrared (IR) technique to enhance adhesion of electroplated copper (Cu) on Ti-6Al-4V without dichromate dipping. The ultimate goal is to develop a Cu coating process on Ti-6Al-4V without hazardous hexavalent chromium (Cr) solution treatments. Cu coatings of around 50 μm were electroplated on Ti-6Al-4V specimens at a current density of 0.03 A/cm² in an acidic Cu solution. To improve adhesion of coatings, IR heat treatments were performed on the Cu-coated samples at different temperatures and durations: 860 °C for 600 s and 875 °C for 20–120 s. This process was accomplished in an attempt to replace the use of dichromate dipping before electroplating. For samples heat treated at 860 °C, no bonding existed, even after 600 s. It is believed that solid-state diffusion prevailed at 860 °C and that 600 s was not enough for sufficient diffusion to occur. Adhesion was poor when samples were heat treated at 875 °C for 20 s. Excellent adhesion was observed when the heat treatment holding time was increased to 40 s. For 90 s, the surface appearance of coatings partially changed from Cu-colored to a grayish color. There was no Cu left on the surface after a 120 s heat treatment. From optical microscopic observations on sample cross sections, an interlayer between the Cu and Ti-6Al-4V formed when heat treated at 875 °C for 40 s and longer. The interlayer thickness increased as the holding time increased, until depletion of Cu. The sheet resistivity of coated specimens was on the order of pure Cu for samples heat treated at 875 °C and less than 90 s. During the 875 °C heat treatment, the following occurred: solid-state diffusion of Cu in Ti-6Al-4V, formation of eutectic solutions, dissolution of Cu and Ti-6Al-4V into the liquid phase, and the formation of intermetallic compounds. The lowest eutectic temperature of 875 °C played a key role in this innovative process of Cu coating on Ti-6Al-4V. This paper was presented at the 2nd International Surface Engineering Congress sponsored by ASM International, on September 15–17, 2003, in Indianapolis, Indiana and appears on pp. 403–10 of the Proceedings.