Gelable and Adhesive Powder for Lethal Non-Compressible Hemorrhage Control

Hemostatic powders are widely used in clinical and emergency situations but often exhibit low wet adhesion, cytotoxicity concerns, and do not work well for lethal non-compressible hemorrhage. Here a new kind of gelable and adhesive powder (GAP) is developed, which integrates chitosan microspheres (CM), tetra-armed poly(ethylene glycol) amine (Tetra-PEG-NH₂), and tetra-armed poly(ethylene glycol) succinimidyl succinate (Tetra-PEG-SS). Upon application to the wound site, the macroporous CM can rapidly absorb the interfacial liquids, and meanwhile, the hydrated GAP turns into hydrogel (crosslinking between Tetra-PEG-SS and CM/Tetra-PEG-NH₂) with stable and robust adhesion to the wet tissue though covalent bonding. The in vitro and in vivo results suggest that the GAP with optimized formulation exhibits strong tissue adhesive, high burst pressure, and enhanced blood clotting ability, as well as excellent biocompatibility and on-demand removal properties. A significantly improved hemostatic efficacy is demonstrated in the rat liver, spleen, and femoral artery injury models compared to that of the CM, commercial fibrin glue, and Yunnan Baiyao (YB). The GAP can also halt the severe bleeding from pig visceral organs. Overall, the proposed GAP has many advantages including good biocompatibility, rapid and effective hemostasis, low cost, and ease of use, making it as a promising hemostat for lethal non-compressible hemorrhage control.     

科学松鼠会的传播内容偏向和受众关注偏向的调查研究

通过对科学松鼠会微博、博客、网站的内容和受众关注内容的主题分类进行统计分析,发现两者都偏向关注生物、健康、医学等类别,即传播内容的偏向与受众关注的偏向具有一致性。同时,通过对科学松鼠会主编"游识猷"(网名)的采访调查和对其微博粉丝的问卷调查,深入分析科学松鼠会的传播者和受传者分别在各自偏向的形成过程中所起的作用,以及这两种偏向的关系,并为其他综合性科普网站提供一定的借鉴。     

某移动TD-SCDMA网络ATU测试FTP掉线问题分析

本文通过对一个ATU数据业务测试的异常事件的分析,介绍了网络总体构架和系统功能,给出了适合的分析方法及具体解决方案,对以后解决类似的问题起到了一定的帮助作用。     

限制性内切酶NcoI的高效重组表达、硒代与结晶条件初步筛选

来源于珊瑚诺卡氏菌Nocardia corallina的限制性内切酶NcoI是基因工程中常用的工具酶之一。然而目前NcoI蛋白质三维结构尚未被解析,对其基因改造缺乏理论指导。为了解析NcoI的三维结构,采用大肠杆菌表达系统,高效重组表达和纯化,获得了纯度>95%的NcoI野生型和Se-NcoI硒代蛋白。质谱分析表明,重组Se-NcoI蛋白中所有硫原子成功被硒原子取代。酶切实验表明,硒代蛋白与野生型具有相似的限制酶活性。采用坐滴法筛选重组NcoI蛋白结晶条件,已在3种条件下获得针状晶体,1种条件下获得颗粒状晶体。X射线衍射初步分析晶体分辨率在0.8 nm左右,为下一步解析NcoI三维结构提供了基础。     

中国致密油藏水平井注水吞吐技术进展与发展趋势

中国致密油藏多采用水平井体积压裂衰竭式开发,水平井产量递减快,一次采收率不足10%。因此,有效补充地层能量是致密油藏体积压裂水平井稳产的关键。注水吞吐是致密油藏水平井的一种有效注水补充能量方法,近年来针对该方法进行了大量的研究和实践。在介绍注水吞吐工艺的基础上,从渗吸采油微观机理以及压力对渗吸排油影响两个方面对注水吞吐机理的研究进展进行了概述,并系统总结了储层性质和工艺参数对注水吞吐采油效果的影响。为了提高注水吞吐的开发效果,目前主要形成了化学处理剂辅助注水吞吐技术、大排量注水强化注水吞吐技术和水平井同井缝间异步注采技术3种改善注水吞吐开发效果的技术。进一步通过总结注水吞吐油藏数值模拟和工艺参数优化的研究成果,分析矿场实践经验,提出了中国致密油藏注水吞吐技术未来发展趋势。     

表面态型半导体可饱和吸收镜实现Yb∶YAG激光器被动锁模

制作了一种新型的半导体可饱和吸收镜:表面态型半导体可饱和吸收镜.用表面态型半导体可饱和吸收镜作为被动锁模吸收体,实现了半导体端面泵浦Yb∶YAG激光器被动连续锁模.在泵浦功率为1 0 W时,获得了连续锁模脉冲序列,重复频率2 0 0 MHz,锁模脉冲平均输出功率为70 m W.在未加任何色散补偿的情况下,脉冲宽度为4 .35 ps     

半导体激光器端面泵浦 Nd∶YAG激光器用In_(0.25)Ga_(0.75) As吸收体被动锁模兼做输出镜

用金属有机气相淀积方法生长了一种新型的吸收体——低温InGaAs(LT-In0.25Ga0.75As).用这种吸收体兼做输出镜,实现了1.06μm半导体端面泵浦Nd∶YAG激光器被动锁模,脉冲宽度为皮秒量级,重复率为150MHz     

Accelerated oxidation during air flooding in a low temperature reservoir

To ensure the safety of application of air flooding in a low temperature reservoir, the accelerated oxidization of oxygen and the crude oil is studied at low temperature. The stabilized chlorine dioxide solution can be used as a type of catalyst, which can accelerate the reaction rate of oxygen and the crude oil to decrease the concentration of remaining oxygen when the gas reaches the production well. The experimental results of oxidization show that O₂ concentration is greatly reduced and CO₂ concentration is greatly increased on condition with catalyst. In addition, the amount of heavy components can be further reduced and the amount of light components can be further increased. These can ensure the safety of application of air flooding in low temperature reservoir. The experimental results of adaptability of the accelerated oxidation under different water saturation show air flooding can be better used in the low-temperature reservoir with low water saturation on condition with catalyst but cannot be used in the low-temperature reservoir with high water saturation. The experimental results can provide theoretical basis for the application of air flooding in a low-temperature reservoir.     

调整炼油厂产品结构的加氢技术的开发与应用

介绍了可以调整炼油厂产品结构的系列加氢技术。灵活调整产品分布的加氢裂化技术可以通过调整产品的馏程范围及更换化工型加氢裂化催化剂有效压减柴油产量,降低柴汽比;中压加氢改质MHUG技术可以生产约10%~35%的高芳潜石脑油,同时生产清洁柴油(其硫质量分数小于10μg/g,十六烷值较原料增加10~25单位);FD2G催化裂化柴油加氢转化技术可将劣质柴油馏分转化为收率50%以上的高辛烷值(RON 91~94)、低硫(硫质量分数小于10μg/g)的汽油产品,可作为国Ⅴ汽油调合组分;FDHC柴油中压加氢裂化技术以直馏柴油为主要原料,可以直接生产优质3号喷气燃料(喷气燃料收率40%~50%,烟点26~31 mm),有效压减柴油产量,降低柴汽比;FD2J直馏柴油中压加氢裂化技术可以进一步降低喷气燃料冰点,提高喷气燃料收率。