Numerical evaluation of the effects of friction and geometric nonlinearities on the energy release rate in three- and four-point bend end-notched flexure tests

Nonlinear finite element analyses are used to examine the effects of friction and geometric nonlinearities on the energy release rate in three- and four-point bend end-notched flexure tests. Energy release rates are first determined by a recently developed direct energy balance approach. It is shown that the finite diameter loading rollers that are typically used in practical test set-ups cause both tests to be inherently nonlinear. The effect of these nonlinearities on the energy release rate is shown to be larger in the four point than the three point test and to increase with increasing roller diameter, increasing coefficient of friction along the crack plane, and decreasing supporting span length. For the four point test, the effect of these nonlinearities is also shown to increase with increasing ratio of inner to outer span length. Next, energy release rates at the onset of crack advance are determined by a simulated compliance calibration technique. This “perceived toughness” is compared with predictions of the “true toughness” given by the direct energy balance approach at the same load. It is shown that perceived toughnesses from this simulated compliance calibration procedure are larger than previously reported results that were obtained in a similar fashion using linear theory. In addition, the perceived toughness is shown to strongly depend upon the range used for fitting the load versus deflection data to obtain compliance. These findings are used to make some general recommendations regarding use of the two test methods and their associated data reduction techniques.     

安钢高线品种开发的优势与实践

介绍了安钢高线的技术装备、工艺转化及创新，以及自投产以来的产品结构调整和重点产品的开发情况。     

Aspects of microstructure in low carbon steels produced by the CSP process

The solidification structure, microstructure evolution during rolling and precipitates with nanometers in dimension of the low carbon steels produced by CSP process with thin slabs have been studied in recent years. Important differences in microstructure and mechanical properties between the CSP products and the conventional one were observed. These differences may arise from the much rapider solidification rate and cooling rate after casting of the thin slabs. Some aspects of the microstructure for the low carbon steels of the CSP thin slabs are summarized and compared with the conventional one.     

在Windows下使用五笔字型输入法常见问题及解决方法

讨论了98王码WB9801五笔字型输入法软件在Windows环境下使用时应注意的问题、出现异常现象的解决方法及使用技巧。     

基于蚁群聚类算法的离群挖掘方法

离群挖掘是数据挖掘研究的重要内容,在实际生活中获得广泛应用。该文首先给出了离群数据的量化定义,并用基于蚁群的聚类学习方法,产生了状态空间的整体特征。然后结合具体的设备对象,提出了离群数据的挖掘方法。最后进行了实验验证,结果表明该文提出的方法是有效的。     

压力容器壳体曲面造型与展开误差分析

采用基于特征的多面体造型方法，解决了压力容器壳体曲面造型的问题，同时，提出了一种筒体展开的算法，并进行了误差分析与修正。     

加密算法与单片机编程

结合单片机编程信息的特点，对各种加密算法在单片机编程中的应用进行了研究     

嵌岩灌注桩的竖向承载力研究

结合实测和试验资料，从理论上分析嵌岩灌注桩竖向承载力问题，及其各种影响因素。归纳总结了确定嵌岩灌注桩的承载力方法。     

平改坡工程的研究和分析

青岛的建筑素有"万国博览会"之称,"红瓦绿树,碧海蓝天",在过去的百年历史中一直是青岛美丽的象征,随着时间的推移,特别是上世纪50年代至80年代,在沿海风貌保护区和市区重要区域出现了一些平顶建筑,与周边的环境很不协调,影响了这些区域的景观效果,破坏了青岛独特的建筑风貌.     

无线环境下一种新的证书状态查询方案

分析有线环境现有证书状态查询方案的基础上,提出了一种对传统的 O C S P进行了改进的方案-用户端部分缓存的ocsp方案,并将其与其他证书状态查询方案进行了比较。该方案借鉴了哈希链的思想,具有很高的安全性,可以有效减少用户端及服务器端的运算量,降低带宽负荷,适合用作无线环境下的证书状态查询方案。