Birnessite Nanosheet Arrays with High K Content as a High‐Capacity and Ultrastable Cathode for K‐Ion Batteries

Potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) are one of the emerging energy‐storage technologies due to the low cost of potassium and theoretically high energy density. However, the development of PIBs is hindered by the poor K⁺ transport kinetics and the structural instability of the cathode materials during K⁺ intercalation/deintercalation. In this work, birnessite nanosheet arrays with high K content (K_0.77MnO₂?0.23H₂O) are prepared by “hydrothermal potassiation” as a potential cathode for PIBs, demonstrating ultrahigh reversible specific capacity of about 134 mAh g^?1 at a current density of 100 mA g^?1, as well as great rate capability (77 mAh g^?1 at 1000 mA g^?1) and superior cycling stability (80.5% capacity retention after 1000 cycles at 1000 mA g^?1). With the introduction of adequate K⁺ ions in the interlayer, the K‐birnessite exhibits highly stabilized layered structure with highly reversible structure variation upon K⁺ intercalation/deintercalation. The practical feasibility of the K‐birnessite cathode in PIBs is further demonstrated by constructing full cells with a hard–soft composite carbon anode. This study highlights effective K⁺‐intercalation for birnessite to achieve superior K‐storage performance for PIBs, making it a general strategy for developing high‐performance cathodes in rechargeable batteries beyond lithium‐ion batteries.     

基于像素偏振片阵列的实时水下目标成像技术

借助偏振成像可以增强水下目标的探测效果。传统的偏振成像方法需要光学检偏器的机械转动来实现,这限制了其在水下的实时探测性能。采用基于像素偏振片阵列图像传感器开发的相机设计了一种水下实时成像系统。系统通过阵列上排布的四向微偏振片一次性捕获四向偏振图像,从而全局估算背景杂散光的偏振角和偏振度。然后利用偏振信息反解得到杂散光光强,最后借助水下成像物理模型得到去散射后的目标增强图像。实验结果表明,将像素偏振片阵列图像传感器应用到水下成像能够有效增强水下图像的对比度,且成像处理过程实时快速,进一步提高了水下目标的探测效率。     

Ownership-hidden group-oriented proofs of storage from pre-homomorphic signatures

In this paper, we study the problem of secure cloud storage in a multi-user setting such that the ownership of outsourced files can be hidden against the cloud server. There is a group manager for initiating the system, who is also responsible for issuing private keys for the involved group members. All authorized members are able to outsource files to the group’s storage account at some cloud server. Although the ownership of outsourced file is preserved against the cloud server, the group manager could trace the true identity of any suspicious file for liability investigation. To address this issue, we introduce and formalize a notion of ownership-hidden group-oriented proofs of storage (OPoS). We present a generic OPoS construction from pre-homomorphic signatures, and propose an OPoS instantiation by employing the Boneh–Boyen short signature. We show that the OPoS instantiation can be optimized using a polynomial commitment technique, so that the integrity auditing protocol would only take constant-size communication overheads by the cloud server. Theoretical and experimental analyses show that our OPoS instantiations are efficient and practical for enterprise-oriented cloud storage applications. Also, we show that the OPoS instantiations can be enhanced to safeguard against a dynamic set of corrupted members, as well as support batch integrity auditing mechanism.     

基于卷积神经网络的实时人群密度估计

针对传统实时人群密度估计方法存在误差大、分类效果不佳等缺陷,提出了基于 卷积神经网络的实时人群密度估计方法。通过对比4 种常见网络结构：AlexNet、VGGNet、 GoogLeNet 和ResNet 的准确度与实时性,选择综合性较好的GoogLeNet 作为人群密度估计的 模型,利用关键帧截取技术实现人群密度的实时估计并简要分析人群密度特征图。最后用实例 验证了该方法的实时性与准确度,证明了其可行性。     

目标近场电磁散射中心建模与特征参数反演

为了通过较少散射场数据实现雷达目标特性建模和参数反演,提出了一种基于时频图多普勒特征的散射中心建模和特征参数反演方法,采用单频点下的一维角度近场扫描数据实现对目标二维散射中心的提取。通过平滑伪Wigner-Ville分布(smooth and pseudoWigner-Ville distribution,SPWVD)分析方法生成高分辨率时频图,根据不同类型散射中心的多普勒特征,通过Radon逆变换(inverse Radon transform,IRT)提取散射中心模型的位置和幅度参数,并将提取的散射中心位置参数与几何模型参数、散射中心模型重构雷达散射截面积(RCS)与仿真的RCS进行了性能对比。结果表明:该方法只需要单频点的一维角度扫描数据,即可有效提取目标散射中心位置和幅度等特征参数,且重构RCS的均方根误差小于3 dBsm。     

Purification and characterization of novel thermo-alkaline lipase and its application

In order to excavate thermo-alkaline lipases from bacterial living in extreme conditions, we try to express new gene from Thermosyntropha lipolytica DSM 11003, an anaerobic, thermophilic, alkali-tolerant bacterium which grows in alkaline hot springs Lake Bogoria in Kenya and explore its application in biodiesel production. The lipase gene (tll1) of 1434 bp were ligated at the Nco I / EcoR I sites of the expression vectors pET28a to yield the construct of pET28a-TLL1. The strain harboring pET28a-TLL1 was cultivated for expression at 25℃, the specific activity of 1.99 U/mg protein were detected in disrupted cells. The recombinant lipase TlLipA was purified by a simple two-step procedure involving heat treatment and Ni-chelating affinity chromatography. The subunit of purified TlLipA showed a molecular mass of 53×10³ on 12% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The purified TlLipA exhibited optimal activity at 65℃ and pH 8.0 and it was stable from 55℃ to 65℃. The enzyme remained above 80% of its original activity at pH ranging from 7.0 to 11.0 and at room temperature for 1 h. The activity of TlLipA was little unaffected by Co²⁺, K⁺, Na⁺, and Ni²⁺, and a little activated by Mg²⁺ and Mn²⁺, ^{but were significantly inhibited by Zn2+, Fe3+, and SDS, and Tween 80 under the assay conditions. The purified recombinant TlLipA had a specific activity of 22.11 U/mg protein using p-nitrophenyl palmitate (p-NPP) as substrate. Determined by Sigma-Plot of reaction rate on p-NPP, the K_m was 0.23 mmol/L, the V_max was 33.50 mmol/(L·min), and the k_cat was 22.83 s-1. The enzyme was also active towards p-NPP, p-nitrophenyl laurate (p-NPL), p-nitrophenyl myristate (p-NPM) and p-nitrophenyl caproate (p-NPC), moreover TlLipA exhibited a strong preference for p-nitrophenol decanoate (p-NPD) and p-nitrophenyl octoate (p-NPO). Using recombinant lipase as a catalyst to prepare biodiesel in a solvent-free system, with a water content of 20%, an enzyme dosage of 200 U/g oil, and an alcohol-to-oil ratio of 4∶1, catalyzed soybean oil reaction at 55℃ for 48 h, the yield can reach 91.75%.}     

基于视频监控的变电站内安全帽检测算法研究

任何人进入变电站生产现场都必须佩戴安全帽。传统监控方式靠人工从海量的视频中检索异常信息来实现安全的保障,难度高,监控效果往往不太理想。为了提高安全生产管理,提出一种快速稳定的变电站内安全帽的识别算法,先对变电站内的行人进行检测;再根据人体几何特征,在行人中定位到头的位置;最后,根据安全帽形变比较小的特点,使用模板匹配的方法进行安全帽匹配,以判断该工作人员是否佩戴安全帽。实验结果表明,该方法在降低人为监控的劳动强度的同时,充分利用视频监控的智能处理功能,提高了变电站安全生产管理水平。     

LEG屋顶对夏季室内热湿环境和热舒适的影响

绿色屋顶被认为是改善建筑物热湿环境和室内热舒适性的技术。为研究轻型绿色（LEG）屋顶对重庆市夏季室内温度、湿度和人体热舒适度的影响,对两栋自然通风的6层住宅内相似房间、不同类型的屋顶（LEG和普通型）进行了对比试验。结果表明,与普通屋顶建筑相比,夏季LEG屋顶室内温度较低。下午14：00,LEG屋顶的7月份室内月平均温度比室外低5.8℃,比普通屋顶室内月平均温度低4.9℃。7月24日,研究期间最炎热的晴天,LEG屋顶室内外温度明显不同,在中午时温差达到7.6℃,室内没有明显的温度分层。与普通屋顶相比,LEG屋顶的建筑内部湿度相对较高。PMV-PPD热舒适模型和热感投票（TSV）都表明,LEG屋顶可显著提高人体热舒适性。利用LEG屋顶可以实现更高的室内热舒适度和更低的室内热不满意度。     

串并联坐标测量机虚拟样机仿真验证的研究

将在UG中创建的串并联坐标测量机虚拟样机导入动力学仿真软件ADAMS中,用编译运行过程函数的方法,对用数学方法推导的测量机运动学解析解进行了仿真验证,证明该解析解表达式推导正确.该方法为机器人运动学分析提供了新思路.     

基于电源优化的SoC低功耗技术

通过电源管理,降低系统功耗是SoC实现低功耗设计的主要技术手段.本文提出了一种面向SoC的电源动态优化方案,构造了实现该方案的硬IP结构.系统通过控制该模块内部的电源管理控制逻辑来控制DC/DC转换控制器的电压输出,达到为系统任务提供不同供电电压的目的.完成了其硬IP核的设计,通过ISCAS85和ISCAS89基准电路验证实现了预期目标.