Rationale and Clinical Research Progress on PD-1/PD-L1-Based Immunotherapy for Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer

Metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC), a highly aggressive and malignant tumor, currently lacks an effective treatment. There has been some progress in the treatment of mTNBC with programmed death receptor-1/programmed death ligand-1 (PD-1/PD-L1) immunotherapy in recent years. The combination of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors with other therapies is a noteworthy treatment strategy. Immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy or small-molecule inhibitors still faces many challenges. Additionally, there are some new immunotherapy targets in development. We aimed to further evaluate the effectiveness and usefulness of immunotherapy for treating mTNBC and to propose new immunotherapy strategies. This review explains the rationale and results of existing clinical trials evaluating PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors alone or in combination for the treatment of mTNBC. For patients with aggressive tumors and poor health, PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, either alone or in combination with other modalities, have proven to be effective. However, more research is needed to explore more effective immunotherapy regimens that will lead to new breakthroughs in the treatment of mTNBC.     

图符语言CQL解释器的实现

为了有效地实现数据库图符查询语言解释器,引入了图卡解析树;开发出二维文法规则;定义出一套适宜于模式分析、语法分析及语义解析的图符程序内部存储机制;并使用临时图卡的方法来解决带有嵌套结构的复杂语句的编译问题。     

具有高频高压大电流优值的超结集电区SiGe HBT

为了在兼顾特征频率( fT )和电流增益(β)的情况下有效提高器件的击穿电压( BVCBO/BVCEO ),利用SILVACO TCAD建立了npn型超结集电区SiGe异质结双极晶体管( heterojunction bipolar transistor,HBT)的器件模型.研究表明：通过在集电结空间电荷区( collector-base space charge region,CB SCR)内引入p型超结层可有效降低“死区”内的电场强度,使较高的电场强度转移至“死区”外较深的CB SCR内,进而在几乎不增加CB SCR宽度的情况下抑制碰撞电离,达到提高击穿电压、改善fT和β的目的.随着p型超结层厚度( dp )的增加,击穿电压BVCBO和BVCEO的改善也越明显.但dp值需优化,较大的dp值将引发Kirk效应,大幅降低器件的fT和β.进一步通过优化p型超结层的dp值,设计出一款dp为0.2μm且具有高频高压大电流优值( fT ×BVCEO ×β)的新型超结集电区SiGe HBT.结果表明：与传统SiGe HBT相比,新器件的fT ×BVCEO ×β优值改善高达35.5%,有效拓展了功率SiGe HBT的高压大电流工作范围.     

应用AR(P)模型预测水文系列

本文综述了近几年发展起来的时间序列分析理论;给出了建立、检验AR(P)模型的具体步骤。作为一实例,本文建立了降雨系列的AR(P)模型;通过验证知所建AR(P)模型是合平实际的可以用于降雨系列的预报。     

广西南宁航洋信和广场BIM技术综合应用

广西南宁航洋信和广场项目是集办公楼、商业城、地下室等为一体的超高层建筑,总建筑面积达42万m²。工程占地面积大、工期长、机电工程规模庞大、系统联动调试复杂、垂直管线多、各种专业设备错综复杂是工程的重点难点,本项目把BIM技术作为工程管理和技术手段,覆盖了设计与施工组织的各个环节,包括图纸会审、协同设计、管线综合优化、深化设计、成本控制、VR虚拟等,保证了项目的成功实施,解决了多处图纸问题及多处碰撞问题,提高了工程建设质量和项目综合管理水平。     

计及源荷互补特性的“源网荷储一体化项目”优化配置

针对“源网荷储一体化项目”(后简称一体化项目)在风光消纳率、清洁用电率等方面的建设要求,提出了计及源荷互补特性的一体化项目优化配置方法。基于包含风光发电制氢负荷、可平移工业负荷、电动汽车快充站的一体化项目拓扑,建立了一体化项目内部的多类型负荷用电功率模型。提出基于分时Copula函数生成时序一致的风光联合出力场景集的方法,进而提出分为风光额定功率配比优化、容量配置优化、负荷接入位置优化三阶段的一体化项目优化配置方法。通过算例分析对所提方法的可行性和有效性进行仿真验证。     

高效丢糟纤维素分解菌的筛选及产酶研究

从白酒丢糟堆腐物中筛选出5株分解丢糟纤维素能力强的菌株,以其中降解能力最强的绿色木霉S7为出发菌株。通过对其固态发酵产酶条件的单因素优化试验,初步确定其固体培养基质中丢糟粉与麸皮的最适质量比为4∶1,硫酸铵2%,初始pH值为4.0,30～35℃发酵96 h,羧甲基纤维素酶活和滤纸酶活分别达到57.08μg/min.mL和26.02μg/min.mL。     

米粉(米线)原料标准的研究

本文主要对米粉所用原料大米的糊化特性、品质特性进行了分析，并且对大米的可加工性与糊化数据、直链淀粉含量之间的相关性进行了分析。结果表明：当原料中直链淀粉含量高于27％，最低粘度600～800UV，最终粘度大于1300UV，回老值高于660UV时，加工出的米粉质量较好。大米中直链淀粉含量、最低粘度、最终粘度、回老值与可加工性呈极显著相关。     

Customized Utilization Strategies of Industrial Lignin to Produce Adsorbents and Flocculants Based on Fractionation and Adequate Structural Interpretation

Lignin, a by-product of pulping and biorefinery, has great potential to replace petrochemical resources for wastewater purification. However, the defects of lignin, such as severe heterogeneity, inferior reactivity and poor solubility, characterize the production process of lignin-based products by high energy consumption and serious pollution. In this study, several lignin fractions with relatively homogeneous structure were first obtained by organic solvent fractionation, and their structures were fully deciphered by various characterization techniques. Subsequently, each lignin component was custom-valued for wastewater purification based on their structural characteristics. Benefiting from the high reactivity and reaction accessibility, the lignin fraction (lignin-1) refined by dissolving in ethanol and n-butanol could been used as a raw material to produce cationic lignin-based flocculant (LBF) in a copolymerization system using green, cheap and recyclable ethanol as solvent. The lignin fraction (lignin-2) extracted by methanol and dioxane showed low reactivity and high carbon content, which was used to produce lignin-based activated carbon (LAC) with phosphoric acid as activator. Moreover, the influences of synthetic factors on the purification capacity were discussed, and the LBF and LAC produced under the optimal conditions showed distinguished purification effect on kaolin suspension and heavy metal wastewater, respectively. Furthermore, the corresponding purification mechanism and external factors were also elaborated. It is believed that this cleaner production strategy is helpful for the valorization of lignin in wastewater resources.     

基于ACT-Apriori算法的电网故障诊断方法研究

电网拓扑结构愈加复杂,故障后难以快速从海量数据中挖掘有效故障信息且具有较高的计算复杂度;当故障数据不完整或不确定时,无法得到正确的诊断结果。针对此问题,将Apriori算法与自编码算法结合改进,形成改进的自编码关联规则挖掘算法(ACT-Apriori)并引入电网故障诊断之中。以保护和断路器动作数据作为条件属性,故障线路为决策属性,建立故障初始决策表;然后利用ACT-Apriori算法进行核属性提取并利用动态阈值交互式挖掘技术确定最佳阈值;最后形成最简故障决策表,实现故障信息的诊断推理。文中采用四母线配电系统作为仿真对象,与传统的Apriori算法和FP-growth算法及目前最新的FP-Network算法进行对比分析,算例结果表明：改进的算法相较于传统关联规则算法,运行时间分别缩减了90.69%和83.55%,内存占用分别缩减了21.43%和15.38%,相较于FP-Network算法,在时间复杂度和空间复杂度上均有一定程度优化;且本文算法对故障数据不完备情况下的单重、双重、稀有故障诊断的容错性较高,准确率达到95.24%,可以有效实现故障的快速诊断。