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21.
Effects of surfactant/silica and silica/cerium ratios on the characteristics of mesoporous Ce-MCM-41
Se Ho Park Bo Yune Song Tai Gyu Lee 《Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry》2008,14(2):261-264
Using the surfactant CTMABr (cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide) and cerium(IV) sulfate, mesoporous Ce-MCM-41 molecular sieves were produced under a hydrothermal condition with various surfactant/silica (surfactant/Si) and silica/cerium (Si/Ce) ratios. Changes to the structural traits caused by changing the molar ratios of both surfactant/Si and Si/Ce were investigated. XRD (X-ray diffraction), FT-IR (fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and SEM (scanning electro microscopy) were used for the characterization of prepared mesoporous samples. Among the tested molar ratios, surfactant/Si ratio of 0.5 and 0.2 showed highest values of d1 0 0 and intensity, respectively, for the Si-MCM-41. XRD analysis also identified a quintessential hexagonal structure of Ce-MCM-41 for the Si/Ce molar ratio higher than 40 (maintaining the surfactant/Si ratio at 0.2). When cerium content was increased to have the Si/Ce molar ratio of 20, the hexagonal structure of Ce-MCM-41 was collapsed due to the structural stress of substituted cerium. FT-IR results confirmed calcination of Ce-MCM-41 and the incorporation of Ce4+ ions of cerium sulfate into the silica surface with proper removal of the surfactant. Rod-like shape with rounded edges of the prepared Ce-MCM-41 samples was identified by SEM. These results suggest surfactant/Si ratio of 0.2 and Si/Ce ratio of 40 for the production of Ce-MCM-41 with the highest level of crystallinity. 相似文献
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Dae-Son Kim Hyun-Young Oh Hong-Yeop Song 《Communications Letters, IEEE》2008,12(3):203-205
In parallel-architecture turbo codes, the constituent interleavers must avoid memory collision. This paper proposes a collision-free interleaver structure composed of a Latin square (LS) and pre-designed interleavers. Our proposed interleavers can be easily optimized for various information block sizes and for various degrees of parallelism. Their performances were evaluated by computer simulation. 相似文献
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The effects of yttrium and cerium on microstructures and properties of Nb-Si system composites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy( SEM), energy dispersive spectrum(EDS), X-ray diffraction(XRD) and high temperature oxidation experiments.It is found that the coarse primary silicide phase became finer and more homogeneous with Y and Ce addition.The results of high temperature oxidation experiments show that the oxidation rates of NbSi system composites with an appropriate amount of Y and Ce decrease compared with those of alloys without Y or Ce addition, and oxidation products mainly distribute along the phase boundaries between the Nb solid solution and silicide. 相似文献
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介绍了国产螺旋槽密封在进口压缩机上的应用,分析了原进口机械-浮环组合密封的失效原因,叙述了改造后国产浮环螺旋槽组合密封的结构和特点。 相似文献
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Myung-Sun Baek Hyung-Joon Kook Mi-Jeong Kim Young-Hwan You Hyoung-Kyu Song 《Broadcasting, IEEE Transactions on》2005,51(4):551-559
In this paper, we apply multi-antenna scheme to DAB system for high-rate transmission. In the MIMO-DAB system with a number of transmitting and receiving antennas increases the transmission rate efficiently with low multiplication operations. For channel estimation in the MIMO-DAB system, we propose a new PRS structure and evaluate the channel estimation performance. The proposed PRS structure can estimate multi-channel information based on the semi-blind processing. The performance of proposed PRS is compared with that of conventional training sequence employing Tarokh's transmission matrix. And also we investigate the performance limitation due to the imperfect channel estimation in a MIMO-DAB receiver. It has been shown that the MIMO-DAB system with multi-antennas can achieve the high-rate transmission for multimedia broadcasting and the performance of MIMO-DAB system is impaired by imperfect channel information. 相似文献
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市场经济带给企业的是:或是在竞争中被淘汰,或是在竞争中获得发展。这足企业科技实力的竞争,人力资源优势、物力资源优势的竞争。当我们还正在逐渐适应市场经济化的企业发展氛围时,国际市场经济竞争的硝烟已占据我们周围的一切环境。这一切促使每个企业要获得发展,就要锻造自身的能力、素质与品质,增强竞争优势,挖掘培植发展潜力,做大、做强,由内向型企业向外向型企业发展,由国内化的企业走向国际化的跨国企业。国内、国际的煤炭行业的竞争也 相似文献
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