旋风分离器两相流研究综述

综述了旋风分离器内部流场、颗粒运动和数值计算模型的理论研究发展历程。     

Phase Assemblages of Pr α-sialon Derived from SHS-ed Powders and TEM Study on the Nucleation of Pr α-sialon

The Pr α-sialon powders prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS), consisting of 55 wt% Pr α-sialon and 45 wt% of β-sialon (abbreviated as α' and β'), were hot-pressed at 1800°C for 1 h. The results showed that Pr α' phase would transfer to β' with the appearance of JEM phase (Pr(Si_{6− z} Al _z )(N_{10− z} O _z )) after sintering, thus resulting in the increase of β' phase to 86 wt%. The addition of Y₂O₃ into SHS-ed Pr α' powders as the starting materials restrains the transformation of α' to β' and prevents the formation of JEM phase as well. The nucleation mechanism of Pr α' grain during hot-pressing was investigated in terms of transmission electron microscope and energy-dispersive spectrometer analysis. Two nucleation modes of Pr α' grains were found, i.e., nucleating on the undissolved Pr α' grains and on the nuclei of (Pr, Y) α' grains precipitated from liquid phase.     

建筑卫生陶瓷行业发展战略选择

通过对佛山、东莞等地的陶瓷产区相关企业的调查研究,在SWOT分析的基础上,研究了相关的竞争战略,归纳总结出现阶段适合建筑卫生陶瓷企业的战略:即以低成本为竞争生存方式,差异性为竞争发展动力,国际化为发展长期最终目标。     

曝气生物滤池处理农村生活污水效率与微生物群落分析

以北京大兴区农村生活污水为处理对象,设计了4个反应柱,研究了3种填料结构、2种气水比条件下曝气生物滤池(BAF)对农村生活污水处理效率及微生物群落的影响。结果表明:(1)1~#、2~#、3~#柱气水比相同、填料结构不同,BOD5、CODCr和氨氮的去除率达到84.51%~96.49%;4~#柱与2~#柱填料结构相同,但气水比小,BOD5和CODcr处理效果差;4个柱TP的去除率低,需要强化除磷。(2)1~#、2~#、3~#柱OTU数量差异很小,说明微生物种类数量基本相同;2~#柱特有OTU数远大于4~#柱,说明填料结构相同条件下较大气水比有利于增加微生物种类。(3)1~#、2~#、3~#柱优势菌群主要有6种,在不同高度的优势菌群种类基本相同,但数量上有所差异;仅变形菌门中可能含有聚磷菌,这也是除磷效果差的原因之一。     

热溶过滤法脱除煤焦油沥青中喹啉不溶物的研究

以5种煤焦油沥青为原料,喹啉为溶剂,研究了热溶过滤法脱除喹啉不溶物(QI)等杂质的效应,目的是制备QI含量较低的净化沥青。结果表明:热溶过滤法可以有效地脱除喹啉不溶物,QI脱除率随滤网网目增加而提高,但阻力增加,脱除时间变长。综合考虑脱除率和实际可操作性,采用1000目的滤布,QI含量可以降到0.3%以下,基本能达到要求。采用凝胶色谱对QI脱除后沥青的组成和分子量分布的研究表明,热溶过滤脱除了沥青中的大分子组分,分子量减小,分子量分布变窄。     

电子显微镜研究分子筛的新进展

电子显微镜在沸石分子筛的研究中起着重要的作用.阐述了透射电子显微镜(TEM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)技术研究沸石分子筛的原理,描述了使用不同种类的电子显微镜剖析沸石分子筛的形态、尺寸、粒径分布等,并介绍了近年来电镜技术对沸石分子筛,特别是对新型功能介孔材料及手性介孔材料的研究进展.电子显微镜的发展将推动分子筛及纳米材料在选择性催化/吸附过程中的应用.     

磷钨酸／硅胶催化剂催化合成环己酮1，2-丙二醇缩酮

以溶胶-凝胶法制备的磷钨酸／硅胶为催化剂、通过环己酮和1，2-丙二醇反应合成了环己酮1，2-丙二醇缩酮，探讨磷钨酸／硅胶对缩酮反应的催化活性，较系统地研究了酮醇量比、催化剂用量、反应时间、带水剂用量对产品收率的影响。实验表明：磷钨酸／硅胶是合成环己酮1-2-丙二醇缩酮的良好催化剂，在门（酮）：门（醇）=1：1．5、催化剂用量为反应物料总质量的0．5％、环己烷为带水剂、反应时间45min的优化条件下，环己酮1，2-丙二醇缩酮的收率可达79．8％．     

Preparation,characterization, and prominent thermal stability of phase‐change microcapsules with phenolic resin shell and n‐hexadecane core

Microcapsules with phenolic resin (PFR) shell and n‐hexadecane (HD) core were prepared by controlled precipitation of the polymer from droplets of oil‐in‐water emulsion, followed by a heat‐curing process. The droplets of the oil phase are composed of a polymer (PFR), a good solvent (ethyl acetate), and a poor solvent (HD) for the polymer. Removal of the good solvent from the droplets leads to the formation of microcapsules with the poor solvent encapsulated by the polymer. The microstructure, morphology, and phase‐change property as well as thermal stability of the microcapsules were systematically characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), differential scanning calorimety (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The phase‐change microcapsules exhibit smooth and perfect structure, and the shell thickness is a constant fraction of the capsule radius. The initial weight loss temperature of the microcapsules was determined to be 330°C in N₂ and 255°C in air, respectively, while that of the bulk HD is only about 120°C both in air and N₂ atmospheres. The weight loss mechanism of the microcapsules in different atmosphere is not the same, changing from the pyrolysis temperature of the core material in N₂ to the evaporation of core material caused by the fracture of shell material in air. The melting point of HD in microcapsules is slightly lower than that of bulk HD, and a supercooling was observed upon crystallization. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

用对流磨粉碎石灰石的试验研究

本文扼要介绍了对流磨的结构与粉碎原理，及粉碎石灰石的试验研究。研究的主要内容是给料粒度与粉碎产物细度和能量效率的关系，以及喷嘴形状与能量效率的关系。