生物表面活性剂鼠李糖脂发酵条件的优化及绿色提取新工艺研究

通过正交实验对铜绿假单胞杆菌产鼠李糖脂（RL）的发酵条件进行了优化,并采用预处理酸沉淀冷冻干燥法新工艺提取RL。在最优发酵条件下RL的产量可达56 g/L以上。提取后的RL由二鼠李糖脂和单鼠李糖脂两种同系物组成,可将去离子水的表面张力降至29.01 mN/m。该RL提取工艺是一项绿色工艺。     

十二烷基苯磺酸钠对土壤中铬的去除作用研究

以表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为洗脱剂洗脱含铬土样。系统地考察了SDBS浓度、pH、洗脱时间及洗脱次数等因素对洗脱效果的影响。结果表明:SDBS质量浓度越接近5.5 mg.L-1,洗脱率越高;SDBS溶液的pH越接近8.4,洗脱效果越好;最佳的洗脱时间为26h,最适宜的洗脱次数为2次。最佳条件下,土壤中铬的洗脱率高达89.4%。     

Stability of amorphous Al90TMxCe10—x（TM=Fe or Ni） alloys

X-ray diffraction(XRD) and differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) were used to investigate the crystallization process of amorphous Al90TMxCe10-x (atom fraction in%;TM=Fe or Ni;x=3,5)alloys,Aging effects were examined by X-ray diffraction,The structure corresponding to the prepeak for the amorphous Al90Fe5Ce5 alloy is more stble than the amorphous matrix,but it is not stable for amorphous Al90Ni5Ce5 alloy during the first crystallization stage and even decomposes at room temperature,Although both Al-Ni and Al-Fe have strong chemical bonding,the cyrstallization onset temperature of amorphous Al-Fe-Ce alloys is much higher than that of amorphous Al-Ni-Ce alloys,which is likely caused by the different stability of the structure corresponding to the prepeak.The crystallization onset temperature increases as Ce/Ni ratio increases in amporphous Al90NixCe10-x alloys,whereas it decreases as Ce/Fe ratio increases in amorphous Al90FexCe10-x alloys.A better atomic packing produces as Ce content increases because of the size mismatch in Al-Ni-Ce systems and as Fe content increases because of the increasing Fe central structural units.     

Materials genomics‐guided ab initio screening of MOFs with open copper sites for acetylene storage

Discovering high‐performance metal‐organic frameworks (MOFs) with open metal sites has become an increasingly hot research topic in the field of safe storage and transportation of acetylene. Following the concept of Materials Genomics proposed recently, a database of 502 experimental MOFs was built by searching the structures deposited in the CSD with the dicopper paddle‐wheel node Cu₂(COO)₄ as the characteristic materials gene. On the basis of the developed ab initio force field, a high‐throughput computational screening was conducted to examine the property‐performance relationships of MOFs containing Cu‐OMS for C₂H₂ storage at ambient conditions. The optimal ranges of the structural and energetic features for the design of such MOFs were suggested. From our computational screening, three potentially promising MOFs were identified which exhibit a performance outperforming those MOFs reported experimentally so far with record high gravimetric C₂H₂ uptakes, both in the total and deliverable adsorption capacities. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 64: 1389–1398, 2018     

Modification of aqueous acrylic–polyurethane via epoxy resin postcrosslinking

An epoxy resin (E‐51)‐modified acrylic–polyurethane emulsion with triethylenetetramine (TETA) serving as the postcrosslinking agent was synthesized. The curing reaction between E‐51 and the curing agent TETA during the film‐forming course was monitored and identified by an infrared spectrophotometer. The stabilities of the single‐pack emulsion during the polymerization course as well as the storage stage were investigated. The effect of the epoxy resin was studied in terms of the dispersion size of the emulsion, the mechanical properties, as well as the swell in water and toluene of the cast film, The emulsion was shown to be stable when the epoxy content was below 20% based on the mass of the polyacrylate in the system. The tensile strength and the modulus and the water and toluene resistance were enhanced with increase of the epoxy resin. In contrast, the elongation at break was decreased. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 470–475, 2003     

G43断块油藏整体压裂技术研究与应用

G43区块主力产层为中孔中渗储层,地层饱和压力低,弹性采收率低;岩石塑性较强,造成支撑剂嵌入,前期压裂效果差。为提高压裂开发效果,进行了整体压裂技术研究。通过原油性质测试表明,区块原油胶质沥青质较重,在前置液前加降黏液以避免原油乳化;岩石力学试验表明,区块岩石易发生支撑剂嵌入,且储层为中孔、中低渗储层,压裂设计应以提高裂缝导流能力为主,具体措施包括通过单剂优选和整体性能测试,优选出适合G43区块的压裂液体系,该体系具有携砂性能好、低摩阻、低残渣的特点,可减少压裂液对地层及支撑裂缝的伤害;通过支撑剂导流能力试验,结合整体压裂裂缝参数优化,采用大粒径陶粒或组合陶粒压裂技术提高支撑裂缝导流能力。3口井的现场实施表明,G43断块整体压裂各项技术措施针性强,压后增产效果显著,推动了G43区块压裂开发的有效实施。     

激光熔覆大厚度Fe57Co8Ni8Zr10Si4B13非晶表层及其微结构研究

利用激光熔覆制备出１．２ｍｍ厚的Ｆｅ５７Ｃｏ８Ｎｉ８Ｚｒ１０Ｓｉ４Ｂ１３大厚度非晶表层。用ＸＲＤ,ＥＤＳ,ＴＥＭ,ＤＳＣ及硬度仪对获得的非晶表层进行了多种分析,研究了非晶合金表层的微结构与非晶形成能力,初步探讨了大厚度非晶表层的形成机制。     

激光熔覆TiCp/Ni合金涂层中界面结构及界面硬度与弹性模量分布

利用激光熔覆地了两类ＴｉＣｐ／Ｎｉ合金涂层,与自生ＴｉＣｐ涂层不同,在添加ＴｉＣｐ涂层中,ＴｉＣｐ与基体界面处理观察到ＴｉＣ外延生长及ＣｒＢ,相利用纳米硬度仪研究了涂层中ＴｉＣｐ与基体的界面硬度Ｈ及弹性模量Ｅ的分布。添加ＴｉＣｐ与基体相界面加载的曲线存在位移突进（ｐｏｐ－ｉｎ）现象;原位ＴｉＣｐ界面附近加载曲线不存在ｐｏｐ－ｉｎ现象。原位ＴｉＣｐ相界面附近Ｈ及Ｅ较高并呈现连续梯度分布特征。表明原位     

大气颗粒物中碳官能团组分的NEXAFS分析

2010年1月14日及10月16-17日,在位于上海西北郊的上海应用物理研究所分粒径采集了大气颗粒物,并于2010年10月19-21日进行了采集样品和三种标准物质(草酸、蔗糖、石墨)的X射线近边吸收精细结构(NEXAFS)谱分析.发现在不同粒径及不同时间段(如昼、夜)的新采集的大气颗粒物中的C(1s)NEXAFS谱存在...