扫描拉曼埃分辨显微术:一种新的分子化学结构解析方法

针尖增强拉曼光谱(TERS)技术由于其超高的空间分辨与灵敏的化学识别能力,在纳米尺度的结构表征和物理化学性质的分析中发挥着重要作用。本文首先回顾了高分辨TERS技术的近期发展与应用,并对高分辨成像的潜在物理机理进行了简要概述,接着介绍一种由超高分辨TERS成像衍生出来的新的分子化学结构解析方法―扫描拉曼埃分辨显微术(SRP),最后对SRP技术的进一步发展进行了展望。     

遥感图像的云分类和云检测技术研究

为了有效减小云层遮盖对遥感图像数据利用率的影响,提出了一种基于灰度特性 的算法,实现了遥感图像高效自动的云分类及云检测。该方法首先将大幅遥感图像切分成小块 子图,然后统计子图灰度值的均值和方差,在此基础上将云分成无云、薄云和厚云三类,最后 通过边缘检测算法,实现了对厚云影响范围的有效标记。对100 幅典型水域遥感图像的实验测 试结果表明：正确云分类判别率达到97%,误判率小于4%,漏判率小于2%,基本满足实时性 需求,证明了该算法的有效性。     

Enhancing Physicochemical Properties and Indium Leachability of Indium-Bearing Zinc Ferrite Mechanically Activated Using Tumbling Mill

The synthetic indium-bearing zinc ferrite (IBZF) was activated mechanically using a tumbling mill under different rotation speeds, milling times, media fillings, and ball-to-material ratios. Subsequently, the changes in the physicochemical properties and leaching behavior of IBZF induced by mechanical activation were studied by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectra (FT-IR), M?ssbauer spectrometry, particle size analysis, and leaching tests in sulfuric acid. The results showed that different milling conditions could form different particle size distribution, morphologies, and crystal structures, which influenced indium extraction differently. In addition, the indium extractions from various activated samples were related closely to the changes of physicochemical properties induced by mechanical activation. The strengthening effect of mechanical activation in IBZF decomposition lies mainly in the damage of crystal structure besides the decrease of the particle size because the indium-leaching efficiencies increased significantly with the increase of the damage of the crystal structure when the particle size is kept constant.     

Replication of polypyrrole with photonic structures from butterfly wings as biosensor

Polypyrrole (PPy) with photonic crystal structures were synthesized from Morpho butterfly wings using a two-step templating process. In the first step photonic crystal SiO₂ butterfly wings were synthesized from Morpho butterfly wings and in the second step the SiO₂ butterfly wings were used as templates for the replication of PPy butterfly wings using an in situ polymerization method. The SiO₂ templates were then removed from the PPy butterfly wings using a HF solution. The hierarchical structures down to the nanometer level, especially the photonic crystal structures, were retained in the final PPy replicas, as evidenced directly by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The optical properties of the resultant PPy replicas were investigated using reflectance spectroscopy and the PPy replicas exhibit brilliant color due to Bragg diffraction through its ordered periodic structures. The preliminary biosensing application was investigated and it was found that the PPy replicas showed a much higher biological activity compared with PPy powders through their response to dopamine (DA), probably due to the hierarchical structures as well as controlled porosity inherited from Morpho butterfly wings. It is expected that our strategy will open up new avenues for the synthesis of functional polymers with photonic crystal structures, which may form applications as biosensors.     

水处理剂用量对缓蚀阻垢性能的影响

冷却水长期循环使用后,会出现腐蚀、结垢、微生物滋生等问题,影响系统的正常运行。通过对循环冷却水系统进行合理的水质处理,同时采用腐蚀在线监测技术对系统的腐蚀状况进行监测,保证了循环水系统安全、稳定运行。     

GCSQX-01型高侧石中央隔离带清洗车

<正>公路中央隔离带的清洗一般是由人工或使用简单清洁设备来完成的,劳动强度大、作业效率低、清洁效果不明显。钢制隔离带通常是由波形板与钢管铆接而成的,截面规则,灰尘附着在隔离带表面,一般的护栏清洗车就可以将其清洗干净。而高侧石隔     

基于机理法的核电机组汽轮机一次调频模型的研究

基于核电机组汽轮机与火电机组汽轮机的相似性,结合核电机组汽轮机特有的结构特点,分析了其工作特性.采用机理建模方法,并参考火电机组汽轮机特性建立了核电机组汽轮机参与一次调频的模型,使用该模型构建了汽轮机功频控制系统.采用Simulink软件对该控制系统的仿真结果表明,汽轮机功频控制系统可较好地缓解电网频率的实际波动速率,实现对电网负荷的初步跟踪.     

水轮发电机转子大立筋安装技术研究

在水轮发电机转子现地组装中,大立筋的安装非常重要,直接关系到整个转子圆度和同心度,由于厂家的指导工艺对实际操作描述不够详细,在此对大立筋在安装过程中的难点和易忽略点提出新的见解。