Mathematical modeling in the geoinformation problem of the dynamics of geomigration under space–time nonlocality

A mathematical model is set up to analyze the dynamics of locally time- and space-nonequilibrium migration–consolidation processes in a porous earth saturated with salt solutions under mass transfer. The corresponding nonlinear boundary-value problem is stated, an algorithm of its approximate solution is presented, and the results of the numerical implementation of the algorithm are given.     

The low-cost polarization reconfigurable phased array based on high-precision full 360° phase shifter

In this article, to adapt the various polarization of user terminal, a 1 × 4 C-band high-integrated polarization reconfiguration phased array based on phase shifter matrix is presented. The phased array combined with polarization reconfiguration antenna elements exhibits the desired beamforming patterns and achieves beam polarization reconfiguration simultaneously. Based on the technique of the shunted microstrip open-stub and equalizing resistor, a high-precision reflection-type phase shifter with full 360° continuous phase tuning range is designed for this phased array in this article. The prototype of the polarization reconfiguration phased array is designed and fabricated. Measured results show that proposed phased array works at 5.8 GHz and achieves 21.4% (1.2 GHz) impedance bandwidth and 14.3% (800 MHz) 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth. The beam coverage range at 5.8 GHz is more than 64° with 0.2° beam steering resolution.     

3-卤代吲唑水助质子转移反应机理的理论研究(英文)

在密度泛函B3LYP/6-311G**理论水平上,对气相和水相中3-卤代吲唑瓦变异构体进行几何构型伞自由度优化,获得它们在气相和水相中的几何结构和电子结构,PCM反应场溶剂模型用于水相计算.结果显示在气相和水相中,3.卤代吲唑的N1-H形式比N2-H形式稳定.探讨了不同的3-取代基团和溶剂化效应对互变异构体的几何结构,能量,电荷分布以及互变异构反应活化能的影响等.进一步研究了3-卤代吲唑水催化质子迁移的反应机理,提出了平面五元环的过渡态结构.     

无线传感器网络分层路由协议能量有效性研究

对无线传感器网络的路由协议进行了分析研究,重点对LEACH协议进行了深入的探讨,发现LEACH协议的随机选择簇头的方案没有做到最优,因为它在选择过程中没有考虑节点剩余能量,且簇头节点在与基站通信时采用单跳通信,针对LEACH存在的不足,进行了改进,提出了EECH协议。通过NS仿真比较表明,改进的协议有效地延长了网络的生存时间,提高了网络的效率。     

基于网络编码的传感网重编程协议能耗模型

在无线传感器网络中,当需要进行软件更新、修复软件Bug 时,重编程协议能够将新程序镜像分发到多跳网络中的全部节点.近来,基于网络编码的重编程协议被用于解决在高损环境下的有效代码分发问题,但对这些协议性能的分析仍有待深入.提出一种基于时间和网络拓扑的能耗分析模型,在模型中综合考虑了页面流水和节点通信距离对协议性能的影响.该模型分析结果与基于网络编码的重编程协议Rateless Deluge 的仿真结果达到了较好的一致性(平均单节点能耗相对误差在0.23%左右),验证了能耗分析模型的有效性.分析结果揭示了基于网络编码重编程过程的网络能耗与网络密度、网络大小和分发镜像页面大小的关系:网络能耗随着网络密度的减小呈上升趋势(能耗与网络密度经拟合呈二次函数关系);网络能耗与网络大小基本呈线性正相关关系(对于n×n 的网格型网络,n从3~10,随着n 的增大,网络能耗的平均增长率为50%),并且随着网络的增大,单节点能耗有所增加(平均增长率为6.9%);页面大小增加时,网络能耗呈下降趋势(平均下降率为11.2%).     

循环函数法在回热系统中的局部定量计算

根据等效焓降法在热力系统计算时的特点,推导了循环函数法在回热系统中的局部定量计算方法,导出了回热系统局部定量计算的几个重要结论.最后,通过实例计算对所得结论进行了验证.验证结果表明,该方法在回热系统局部定量计算过程中具有简洁、准确、概念清晰等特点,适合推广.     

适用于医学图像的模糊边缘检测改进算法

边缘检测是医学图像预处理中最重要的内容之一,系统地分析了Pal.King模糊边缘检测算法的不足,提出一种适用于医学图像的新型模糊边缘检测算法。该算法使用遗传算法对传统Otsu算法进行优化来确定阈值参数,对待测图像所对应的模糊特征平面通过基于此阈值定义的隶属函数来提取,并且对图像进行分区模糊增强和平滑处理以达到更好的边缘检测效果。仿真结果表明,针对所要处理的医学图像,与几种经典的处理方法相比,该算法能够提取出更加真实和完整的边界信息。     

模电教学中工程观念的培养

"模拟电子线路"课程是工科本科电子信息类专业的一门重要的专业基础课程.本文以集成运放电路在压力检测中的应用为例,探讨了模拟电子线路课程教学中如何将理论联系实际、如何培养工程观念、如何将基本理论与工程应用相结合等问题.通过课程教案示例,阐述了工程观念的培养在教学实践中的具体做法.     

Glioblastoma Extracellular Vesicle-Specific Peptides Inhibit EV-Induced Neuronal Cytotoxicity

WHO Grade 4 IDH-wild type astrocytoma (GBM) is the deadliest brain tumor with a poor prognosis. Meningioma (MMA) is a more common “benign” central nervous system tumor but with significant recurrence rates. There is an urgent need for brain tumor biomarkers for early diagnosis and effective treatment options. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are tiny membrane-enclosed vesicles that play essential functions in cell-to-cell communications among tumor cells. We aimed to identify epitopes of brain tumor EVs by phage peptide libraries. EVs from GBM plasma, MMA plasma, or brain tumor cell lines were used to screen phage-displayed random peptide libraries to identify high-affinity peptides. We purified EVs from three GBM plasma pools (23 patients), one MMA pool (10 patients), and four brain tumor cell lines. We identified a total of 21 high-affinity phage peptides (12 unique) specific to brain tumor EVs. The peptides shared high sequence homologies among those selected by the same EVs. Dose–response ELISA demonstrated that phage peptides were specific to brain tumor EVs compared to controls. Peptide affinity purification identified unique brain tumor EV subpopulations. Significantly, GBM EV peptides inhibit brain tumor EV-induced complement-dependent cytotoxicity (necrosis) in neurons. We conclude that phage display technology could identify specific peptides to isolate and characterize tumor EVs.     

Fine Mapping and Functional Analysis of Major Regulatory Genes of Soluble Solids Content in Wax Gourd (Benincasa hispida)

Soluble solids content (SSC) is an important quality trait of wax gourd, but reports about its regulatory genes are scarce. In this study, the SSC regulatory gene BhSSC2.1 in wax gourd was mined via quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping based on high-density genetic mapping containing 12 linkage groups (LG) and bulked segregant analysis (BSA)-seq. QTL mapping and BSA-seq revealed for the first time that the SSC QTL (107.658–108.176 cM) of wax gourd was on Chr2 (LG2). The interpretable phenotypic variation rate and maximum LOD were 16.033% and 6.454, respectively. The QTL interval contained 13 genes. Real-time fluorescence quantitative expression analysis, functional annotation, and sequence analysis suggested that Bch02G016960, named BhSSC2.1, was a candidate regulatory gene of the SSC in wax gourd. Functional annotation of this gene showed that it codes for a NADP-dependent malic enzyme. According to BhSSC2.1 sequence variation, an InDel marker was developed for molecular marker-assisted breeding of wax gourd. This study will lay the foundation for future studies regarding breeding and understanding genetic mechanisms of wax gourd.