Evaporation cooling of glass-melting furnaces (a review)

This paper presents comparative characteristics of evaporation cooling for glass-melting furnace walls, as compared with air and water cooling. The expediency of using evaporation heating for the purpose of energy saving is demonstrated. Translated from Steklo i Keramika, No. 6, pp. 3–5, June, 2000.     

Computer Technology for Selection of Internal Dump and Open Pit Parameters

An algorithm is proposed for determining the dimensions of open-pit blocks, rational schedule of its operation, height, and sequence of filling the barren rocks into dumps. The influence exerted by dump parameters on the open-pit configuration, front of mining operations, and distance of overburden haulage to the internal dump is estimated.     

Ferroelectric films of deuterated glycine phosphite grown in a nitrogen atmosphere

Thin ferroelectric films of deuterated glycine phosphite are grown by evaporation in a nitrogen atmosphere on NdGaO₃ and α-Al₂O₃ substrates. The strong- and small-signal dielectric response of the resulting structures is studied using an interdigitated electrode system predeposited on the substrate. Crystallization of the films in a nitrogen atmosphere makes it possible to significantly (up to 291 K) increase the temperature of the occurrence of dielectric hysteresis loops, which characterize the transition of the film in the ferroelectric state. Unlike films grown in a normal atmosphere, the small-signal dielectric anomaly is heavily smeared with respect to temperature, which is attributed to an inhomogeneous distribution of deuterium over the film.     

Water-ethanol extracts from peat: Chemical composition and application prospects

Water-ethanol extracts from different kinds of lowland and high-moor peat have been obtained, and their basic physicochemical properties have been studied. The kind of peat providing the greatest amount of extractable substances has been determined. The water-ethanol extracts of peat contain bioactive compounds, such as triterpenoids and unsaturated fatty acids. The peat extracts are recommended for use in cosmetics and medicine     

Hybrid Solar Cells with a Sunlight Concentrator System

Technical Physics Letters - Hybrid solar cells based on InGaP/Ga(In)As/Ge multijunction structures integrated into crystalline Si heat-removal base and provided with sunlight concentrator system...     

Relaxor properties of single crystals of Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3-KTaO3 solid solutions

Single crystals of Na_1/2Bi_1/2TiO₃-KTaO₃ (NBT-KT) solid solutions have been grown for the first time. The elemental composition of as-grown single crystals determined by X-ray diffraction corresponds to 0.81 NBT-0.19 KT. Measurements of the temperature dependences of dielectric characteristics showed that the obtained NBT-KT crystals possess clearly pronounced relaxor properties.     

Effect of Mn and Cr additions on kinetics of recrystallization and parameters of grain-boundary relaxation of Al-4.9Mg alloy

Methods of microstructural analysis, measurements of hardness, and temperature and time dependences of internal friction (TDIF and TDIF(iso), respectively) have been used to study recrystallization in cold-rolled alloys and grain-boundary relaxation in annealed alloys. A complex analysis of the effect of additions of transition metals (Mn, Cr) on the magnitude of the activation energy of the background of the internal friction in deformed and annealed states and on the activation parameters of grain-boundary relaxation has been performed. Methods of amplitude dependences of internal friction (ADIF) have been used to determine the critical amplitude that corresponds to the beginning of microplastic deformation in the alloys at different temperatures.     

Three Types of Two-Phase Surface Tensions of Stratified Vapor and Fluid inside a Slitlike Pore with Rough Walls

Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces - Three types of two-phase interfaces (vapor–liquid, solid–vapor, and solid–liquid) are considered in the “vapor and...     

Optical and structural properties of thin films precipitated from the sol of silicon nanoparticles

A new technique of growing nanocrytalline silicon (nc-Si) thin films is suggested. The technique involves the centrifuge-assisted size-selective deposition of nanoparticles from a colloidal solution (sol) containing nc-Si powders. The structural and optical parameters of the initial nc-Si powders and films deposited by the newly suggested procedure are studied by transmission electron microscopy and analysis of absorption spectra and Raman spectra. The absorption coefficient of the nc-Si films increases with decreasing dimensions of the constituent nanoparticles. The experimentally measured band gap of the films, E _g, is widened from 1.8 to 2.2. eV on etching the nc-Si powders used for deposition of the corresponding films. On the basis of the analysis of the Raman spectra, it is suggested that the amorphous component is involved in the nc-Si powders and films due to oxygen atoms arranged at the nanoparticle surface.