Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of chloride doped polyaniline

Chloride doped polyaniline conducting polymer films have been prepared in a protic acid medium (HCl) by potentiodynamic method in an electrochemical cell and studied by cyclic voltammetry and FTIR techniques. The FTIR spectra confirmed Cl^- ion doping in the polymers. The polymerization rate was found to increase with increasing concentration of aniline monomer. But the films obtained at high monomer concentration were rough having a nonuniform flaky polyaniline distribution. Results showed that the polymerization rate did not increase beyond a critical HCl concentration. Cyclic voltammetry suggested that, the oxidation-reduction current increased with an increase in scan rate and that the undoped polyaniline films were not hygroscopic whereas chloride doped polyaniline films were found to be highly hygroscopic.     

A redundant multivalued logic for a 10-Gb/s CMOS demultiplexer IC

A redundant multivalued logic is proposed for high-speed communication ICs. In this logic, serial binary data are received and converted into parallel redundant multivalued data. Then they are restored into parallel binary data. Because of the multivalued data conversion, this logic makes it possible to achieve higher operating speeds than that of a conventional binary logic. Using this logic, a 1:4 demultiplexer (DEMUX, serial-parallel converter) IC was fabricated using a 0.18-/spl mu/m CMOS process. The IC achieved an operating speed of 10 Gb/s with a supply voltage of only 1.3 V and with power consumption of 38 mW. This logic may achieve CMOS communication ICs with an operating speed several times greater than 10 Gb/s.     

The effect of ionic cross-links on the deformation behavior of homoblends made of poly(styrene-co-styrenesulfonic acid) and poly(styrene-co-4-vinylpyridine)

Deformation behavior of stoichiometric blends made from poly(styrene-co-styrenesulfonic acid) (SPS) and poly(styrene-co-4-vinylpyridine) (SVP) was investigated by TEM observation of strained thin films. An FTIR investigation revealed that ionic cross-links were formed between the component polymers upon blending due to intermolecular ion-ion interactions, which arose from proton transfer from sulfonic acid groups to pyridine groups. TEM observations indicate that the deformation mode of the blends changed from crazing only to crazing plus shear deformation, with the shear contribution becoming larger, as the ion content in the blends increased. Such changes in deformation mode can be understood as arising from an increase in the ‘effective’ strand density due to the formation of ionic cross-links upon blending. It was also found that the ionic cross-links via pyridinium cation/sulfonate anion ion pairs were more effective in inducing the transition of deformation mode than ionic cross-links via -SO₃⁻/Na⁺ or -SO₃⁻/Ca²⁺ ion pairs.     

长距离输油管道水力瞬变特性分析

针对长输管道输送过程中由于各种原因而引发的水力瞬变现象,提出了管道瞬变流动的数学物理模型及有限差分求解方法,研究了在长距离管道输送过程中常见的几种边界条件。结合具体算例,对水力瞬变物性进行了分析,为提高长输管道的设计和管理水平、深入掌握管道输油的水力瞬变规律提供了依据。     

石蜡基原油对环烷基原油润滑油馏分低温性能的敏感性分析

为了便于开采和集输环烷基原油,需要在其中混入一定量的石蜡基原油。加工环烷基原油的轻质和中质润滑油产品低温性能对石蜡基原油的混入非常敏感。为了保持产品的低温性能,对按不同比例混入石蜡原油的环烷基原油的影响程度进行了实验,对不同比例的混合油进行实沸点蒸馏得到的轻质和中质馏分的物理性质进行了测试分析,确定了混入量对环烷基原油产品的影响程度。     

拖拉器在水平井中的生产测井工艺及应用

随着水平井技术在油田开发中的广泛应用,水平井生产测试作为重要的监测手段日益受到重视.水平井拖拉器是完成水平井测试的一种下井输送工具,为成功进行水平井的电缆测试提供了技术手段.对拖拉器（Mule）与其他生产测井仪配接所录取的资料进行解释分析,可以为油井生产提供可靠的井况资料.     

纤维在沥青混合料中的应用研究

选用工程中常用的几种纤维,结合工程应用要求,试验分析了纤维的吸湿性、耐热性,并通过网篮析漏试验、动态剪切试验和沉锥试验,讨论了纤维对沥青的稳定和吸附作用,以及纤维对沥青混合料“加筋”效果和作用机理。研究表明有的纤维“吸附、稳定”性能好,而有的纤维“加筋、桥接”效果好,在应用纤维时,应根据纤维的主要特点以及沥青混合料的使用要求来选用。     

Opening-up Status of China＇s Oil ＆ Gas Market

Since the founding of P.R.China,Particularly after the lauch of reform and opening up in 1978,China＇s oil and gas industry has undergone a series of significant reforms and restructuring.it has set up a complete oil and gas industry system.