Preparation,morphology, and mechanical properties of elastomers based on α,ω‐dihydroxy‐polydimethylsiloxane/polystyrene blends

α,ω‐Dihydroxy‐polydimethylsiloxane/polystyrene (PDMS/PS) blends were prepared by the solution polymerization of styrene (St) in the presence of α,ω ‐dihydroxy‐polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), using toluene as solvent and benzoyl peroxide (BPO) as initiator. The PDMS/PS blends obtained by this method are a series of stable, white gums, which were vulcanized to elastomers at room temperature with methyl‐triethoxysilicane (MTES). The use level of MTES was far more than the necessary amount used to end‐link hydroxy‐terminated chains of PDMS, with the excess being hydrolyzed to crosslinked networks, which were similar to SiO₂ and acted as filler. Investigations were carried out on the elastomeric materials by extraction measurement, swelling measurement, and scanning electron microscopy. The extraction data show that at each composition the amount of soluble fraction is less than expected and the difference between experimental and theoretical values becomes more and more significant as PS content increases. This is mainly due to the grafting of PS onto PDMS and the entanglement of PS in the interpenetrating polymer network (IPN), which consists of either directly linked PDMS chains or chains linked via PS grafts and is formed by free radical crosslinking of PDMS during the radical polymerization of St. PS grafted on PDMS is insoluble and PS entangled in the IPN is difficult to extract. Both render the soluble fraction to be less than expected. As the St content in preparing PDMS/PS blends increases, the probability of grafting PS onto PDMS also increases, which may subsequently produce a higher crosslinking level of PDMS networks that linked via PS grafts by radical crosslinking. As a result, not only the amount of insoluble PS increases but also PS entangled in the IPN is more difficult to extract. Scanning electron microscopy demonstrates that the elastomer system has a microphase‐separated structure and a certain amount of PS remains in the PDMS networks after extraction, which is in accordance with the extraction data. Moreover, the mechanical properties of the elastormeric materials have been studied in detail. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 92: 3542–3548, 2004     

Effect of morphology on brittle-ductile transition of HPDE/CaCO3 blends

In this paper, the results of a series of investigations of the effect of morphology on the brittle-ductile transition for HDPE/CaCO₃ blends are summarized: (1) It seems the critical ligament thickness increases with increasing matrix toughness; (2) the interphase adhesion is very important for the toughness of HDPE/CaCO₃ blends; (3) small particles are more effective than large ones; (4) CaCO₃ particle aggregation will reduce toughening efficiency; (5) uniform CaCO₃ particle size is more effective than heterogeneous size for the toughening of HDPE. It is expected that a polymer with higher modulus as well as higher toughness will be obtained by appropriately controlling the morphology of HDPE/CaCO₃ blends. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

广角摄像机在机器人视觉定位中的应用

为了保证广角摄像机在现代机器人视觉定位应用中的准确性,以广角摄像机像素坐标的反畸变过程为研究对象,提出一种在畸变对应表的基础上使用中心迭代法以及区域插值法确定物体实际位置的方法。通过实验证明了该方法能够测量物体的位置,其精度能够满足工业使用要求。     

扎赉诺尔褐煤制取高炉喷吹料和中热值煤气研究 (Ⅰ)煤气、焦油产率及性质

本文是在10kg／h固体热载体干馏实验装置上用扎赉诺尔褐煤制取高炉喷吹料和中热值煤气的研究结果。在干馏温度450℃～650℃范围制得煤气110Nm3/t～400Nm3/t，煤气热值为14．7MJ／Nm3～17．5MJ／Nm3，属中热值煤气。可供民用，也可用于补充钢铁企业燃气不足，平衡能源。得低温焦油2％～9％，可加工成化工产品和燃料油。半焦可用于高炉喷吹。     

运动发酵单胞原生质球的形成和再生

运动发酵单胞(Zymomonas mobilis)ATCC29191菌株在含1～3g/L甘氨酸的液体培育12小时的菌体,用含20g/L的溶菌酶溶液处理12小时,可以稳定得到80％～90％的原生质球。原生质球稀释后在底层再生培养基上涂布,上面复盖一层半固体培养基,30℃培养5～7小时,再生率可达10~(-2)水平。     

论刑罚个别化原则

刑事近代学派在批判刑事古典学派的基础上提出的刑罚个别化主张,对于预防犯罪和实现司法实践活动中的个别公正具有不可替代的作用.人身危险性是刑罚个别化原则的核心概念.分析了人身危险性与初犯可能性、主观恶性的关系,阐述了刑罚个别化原则的理论依据以及刑罚个别化原则与罪刑相适应原则的冲突,认为应该在罪与刑相适应的基础上,用人身危险性加以调整、修正,在一般预防和报应主义下,考虑刑罚的个别预防.     

多重网格法在地球物理正反演应用研究中的进展

现阶段地球物理三维勘探面临越来越复杂的问题,其要求更精细的三维网格剖分,现有的一些方法随着网格节点的增加其收敛速度相应减慢。对于应用中更复杂实际模型、更细密网格剖分以及更快收敛速度要求,难于有进一步提高。要有所突破,需借助计算数学最新进展,引入新的高效算法。多重网格法是近二十年迅速发展的一种求解微分方程近乎最优的新算法。本文首先简单介绍了多重网格法基本原理和运算格式,着重介绍了当前国内外多重网格法在地球物理正反演中的应用成果和发展现状。此外,对多重网格法在地球物理正反演中的应用前景及发展趋势进行了展望。     

VR技术对地下步行商业街心理环境辅助设计初探

文章力图以VR（虚拟现实）技术手段应用于城市地下步行商业街规划设计,来解决当前传统规划手段地下步行商业街规划中普遍存在的对其心理环境构筑的忽视和考虑不完善的诟病,以期最大限度消除规划设计中消极空间的产生,并对其关键技术进行了研究和探讨     

聚酯经营 风云变幻

回顾了 2 0 0 0年世界聚酯的发展状况 ,分析了 2 0 0 1年聚酯经营的现状 ,指出聚酯工业正面临着风云变幻的境地 ,并提出发展聚酯工业的建议。     

硬质聚氯乙烯管专用树脂

采用电镜分析、反相色谱、毛细管流变仪和布拉本达塑性仪研究了由锦西化工研究院生产的ＰＶＣ管用树脂的颗粒形貌、比表面积、流变性能和加工速率。结果表明，该树脂和疏松型树脂的形貌呈棉桃状不同，外形为球状，比表面积较大，约比普通ＳＧ－５型树脂增加１倍，最高可达１．００７ｍ＾２／ｇ；在从低剪切到高剪切速率范围内，该树脂的表观粘度均比ＳＧ－５型树脂低，不论是采用粒料还是粉料挤出，在聚合度相同时，该树脂的挤出速率