叠层加压SPS烧结制备梯度硬质合金

采用叠层加压SPS烧结法制备致密的YG10/YG20梯度结构硬质合金。通过调整WC粒度和添加微量元素B来调整烧结温度,使含钴量低的粉末与含钴量高的粉末的烧结温度相近。研究了烧结温度对致密度、组织形貌、显微硬度和断裂韧性的影响,分析了沿梯度截面上C,Co,W等成分、显微硬度的变化及YG10/YG20界面的结合情况。结果表明:原始WC粒度为1μm的YG10+0.05%B混合粉末和9μm的YG20混合粉末都能在1100℃~1160℃烧结致密,相对密度达到99%以上,晶粒尺寸均匀,梯度界面结合良好,没有开裂现象。低钴端的硬度达到了15500MPa~16000MPa,高钴端的硬度为11100MPa;在294N载荷的作用下低钴端的断裂韧性为12.62MPa·m1/2,而高钴端在这一载荷的作用下没有出现裂纹,断裂韧性较高,从而实现了硬质合金一端具有高硬度,另一端具有良好的韧性的有机结合。     

界面对浆料浸渍裂解Cf／SiC复合材料性能的影响

利用强制脉冲CVI工艺在2．5D纤维编织体上沉积C—SiC双层界面，然后通过浆料浸渍裂解方法得到了Cf／SiC复合材料，并考察界面中C层、SiC层厚度变化对Cf／SiC复合材料性能的影响。界面中C层、SiC层厚度变化对浸渍过程影响不大，得到的Cf／SiC复合材料密度基本相当，约2．0g／cm^3。但随C层厚度的增加，强度减小；随着SiC层厚度的增加，强度增加，到达一定厚度后，其强度几乎不变，为290．0MPa。在C层厚度为50nm，SiC层厚度为600nm时，表现出强的非脆性断裂。     

论大学教师修养

大学教师修养是大学教师主体自主自觉长期不断地进行理想人格自我建构的社会实践活动，大学教师理想人格范型为具有德高、学高、情智高、事功高特征的人文与科学大师，是科学（学术）大师，教学大师和思想大师三者的统一体。大学教师修养过程是大学教师主体内化与外化交互作用的过程，也是大学教师主体不断超越现实我、趋向理想我的终身实践过程。进行科学（学术）研究活动、教书育人活动和社会文化批判活动是大学教师修养的根本途径和方式方法。     

Effect of Y content on microstructure and mechanical properties of 2519 aluminum alloy

The effects of yttrium（Y） content on precipitation hardening, elevated temperature mechanical properties and morphologies of 2519 aluminum alloy were investigated by means of microhardness test, tensile test, optical microscopy（OM）, transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. The results show that the tensile strength increases from 485 MPa to 490 MPa by increasing Y content from 0 to 0.10%（mass fraction） at room temperature, and from 155 MPa to 205 MPa by increasing Y content from 0 to 0.20% at 300 ~C. The high strength of 2519 aluminum alloy is attributed to the high density of fine 0＇ precipitates and intermetallic compound AICuY with high thermal stability. Addition of Y above 0.20% in 2519 aluminum alloy may induce the decrease in the tensile strength both at room temperature （20 ℃） and 300℃.     

Determination of isothermal section of Fe-Ti-Zr ternary system at 1173 K

Phase relations in the Fe-Ti-Zr ternary system at 1173 K were investigated by means of diffusion-triple approach together with electron probe microanalysis（EPMA） technique. A series of tie lines and tie-triangles were determined and the isothermal section at 1 173 K was established, which consists of four three-phase fields： β（Ti, Zr）＋FeZr2＋FeTi, FeZr2＋FeTi＋Fe2Zr, FeTi ＋Fe2Zr ＋Fe2Ti and Fe2Zr ＋Fe2Ti ＋Fe. The results show that the largest solubility of Ti in Fe2Zr is about 11.3 %（mole fraction） and the solid solubility of Ti in FeZr2 is about 26.9%, the solid solubility of Zr in Fe2Ti is about 8.1% and the solid solubility of Zr in FeTi is 7.2%. The binary compound FeZr2 is nearly a linear compound. No ternary compound is found.     

半浮动芯棒连轧荒管壁厚不均的原因分析

介绍了半浮动芯棒连轧管机荒管壁厚不均的类型及特点,荒管壁厚不均有同批壁厚不均、纵向壁厚不均和横向壁厚不均等3种类型。分析了荒管壁厚不均产生的原因,穿孔毛管壁厚不均、连轧管机孔型形状变化、轧制中心线偏移均会造成荒管横向壁厚不均;芯棒尺寸波动会引起荒管纵向壁厚不均和同批壁厚差。提出了改善半浮动芯棒连轧荒管壁厚不均的有效措施。     

铝电解槽燃气焙烧启动过程中的非稳态温度场仿真

本文运用有限元分析软件ANSYS，针对几何形状和边界条件比较复杂的160kA铝电解槽．建立了1／4槽的几何模型和数学模型．对燃气法焙烧启动过程进行了非稳态温度场仿真。仿真结果表明：阴极表面温度分布均匀，温度梯度小，燃气焙烧能够满足铝电解槽预热启动的要求。同时仿真结果也为铝电解槽的燃气焙烧启动方法提供了一定的理论依据。     

Solid-state phase equilibria in the Gd–Co–Al ternary system at 1173 K

A portion of the isothermal section (1173 K) of the phase diagram of the Gd–Co–Al ternary system (up to 33.3 at.% Gd) were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersion spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. Fourteen single-phase regions (including solid solution regions of the binary compounds), twenty-five two-phase regions and twelve three-phase regions were found to exist at this isothermal section. In the GdCo₂–GdAl₂ system, the existence of the GdCo_0.74Al_1.26 phase is identified and it has a composition range of 30–45 at.% Al, the maximum solid solubility of Al in GdCo₂ is about 15 at.%, and Co in GdAl₂ is about 16 at.%. Besides, the maximum solid solubility of Al in Co, Gd₂Co₁₇ and GdCo₅ is about 6, 17 and 25 at.%, respectively, the maximum solid solubility of Gd in Co, CoAl is below 2 at.% and the solid solubility range is from 47 to 61 at.% Al in CoAl phase. In this work, no new ternary compounds were observed.     

连接温度、压力和保温时间对Ti3SiC2／Ni扩散连接接头性能的影响

利用Gleeble 3500热模拟实验机，在800～1100℃、10～90min和6-20MPa条件下对Ti3SiC2和Ni进行真空扩散连接。通过正交实验，研究了连接温度、连接压力和高温保温时间对试样连接强度的影响，优选出最佳工艺参数。结果表明，扩散连接工艺参数显著影响Ti3SiC2／Ni接头的剪切强度。在1000℃、10min和20MPa实验条件下，获得的Ti3SiC2／Ni接头的剪切强度达到（121±7）MPa，接近Ti3SiC2陶瓷的剪切强度。     

分步法制备MoS2/Ti3SiC2层状复合材料

研究了采用分步法制备MoS_2/Ti_3SiC_2层状复合材料的工艺,其制备过程分2步进行。首先制备Ti_3SiC_2高纯粉,再在1400℃,30MPa条件下热压烧结制备MoS_2/Ti_3SiC_2层状复合材料。其MoS_2含量分别为2%,4%,6%,8%(w/%)。用XRD分析比较4种不同MoS2含量的烧结试样的相组成,并测试维氏硬度和电导率。实验结果表明,当MoS_2含量为4%时,MoS_2/Ti_3SiC_2烧结试样的硬度达到7.83GPa,且电导率达到10.05×106S·m-1。MoS_2含量再增加时,烧结试样的硬度有所增大,但电导率有所下降。