用红外光谱技术研究打蜡梨的红外光谱特性

采用CCD阵列光谱仪研究了打蜡梨的红外光谱特性。经分析,在655~660 nm波段,经过打蜡处理后的梨会出现吸收峰,而未经打蜡处理的梨则没有出现吸收峰;在610~620 nm波段,打过石蜡梨的红外图谱吸收峰峰高和未打蜡梨的红外图谱吸收峰峰高相当,而打过果蜡梨的红外图谱吸收峰远远低于未打蜡梨的红外图谱吸收峰。该结果表明红外光谱技术在打蜡梨检测中具有一定的可行性,同时也为进一步研究针对打蜡梨的智能化无损检测技术提供了参考依据。     

A novel low-complexity power allocation algorithm based on the NOMA system in a low-speed environment

For future wireless communication systems, Power Domain Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (PD-NOMA) using an advanced receiver has been considered as a promising radio access technology candidate. Power allocation plays an important role in the PD-NOMA system because it considerably affects the total throughput and Geometric Mean User Throughput (GMUT) performance. However, most existing studies have not completely accounted for the computational complexity of the power allocation process when the User Terminals (UTs) move in a slow fading channel environment. To resolve such problems, a power allocation method is proposed to considerably reduce the search space of a Full Search Power (FSP) allocation algorithm. The initial power reallocation coefficients will be set to start with former optimal values by the proposed Lemma before searching for optimal power reallocation coefficients based on total throughput performance. Step size and correction granularity will be adjusted within a much narrower power search range while invalid power combinations may be reasonably discarded during the search process. The simulation results show that the proposed power reallocation scheme can greatly reduce computational complexity while the total throughput and GMUT performance loss are not greater than 1.5% compared with the FSP algorithm.     

Positively K+‐Responsive Membranes with Functional Gates Driven by Host–Guest Molecular Recognition

A novel positively K⁺‐responsive membrane with functional gates driven by host‐guest molecular recognition is prepared by grafting poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide‐co‐acryloylamidobenzo‐15‐crown‐5) (poly(NIPAM‐co‐AAB₁₅C₅)) copolymer chains in the pores of porous nylon‐6 membranes with a two‐step method combining plasma‐induced pore‐filling grafting polymerization and chemical modification. Due to the cooperative interaction of host‐guest complexation and phase transition of the poly(NIPAM‐co‐AAB₁₅C₅), the grafted gates in the membrane pores could spontaneously switch from “closed” state to “open” state by recognizing K⁺ ions in the environment and vice versa; while other ions (e.g., Na⁺, Ca²⁺ or Mg²⁺) can not trigger such an ion‐responsive switching function. The positively K⁺‐responsive gating action of the membrane is rapid, reversible, and reproducible. The proposed K⁺‐responsive gating membrane provide a new mode of behavior for ion‐recognizable “smart” or “intelligent” membrane actuators, which is highly attractive for controlled release, chemical/biomedical separations, tissue engineering, sensors, etc.     

激光诱导沙田柚无核化的研究

报道了１９８８年以来激光诱变导致沙田柚无核化的研究。果实种子数已由平均１４０粒左右变为完全无核。开花期套袋也已得到无核果实表明，柚树已可单性结实。过氧化物因同工酶和酯酶同工酶分析也证实，其遗传性状确已发生改变。     

激光三角位移计接收光功率与被测表面倾斜的关系及倾斜角测量

以激光在粗糙物体表面的散射理论为基础．详细讨论了被测表面倾斜与激光三角位移计接收光功率的关系，在此基础上提出了在测位移的同时测量该倾斜角的方法．给出了计算机模拟及实测的结果。     

一种光学对准器视差检测方法研究

针对小视场光学对准器视差无法利用传统方法借助平行光管检测的问题,通过专用组合工装、二轴位移台、经纬仪和光学平台搭建一个视差检测系统,它是以光学经纬仪为测量基准,然后通过专用工装将光学对准器固定在光学平台上,调整好经纬仪后,移动导轨至光学系统出瞳的方位或俯仰方向极限位置处检测光学系统的最大光学视差。最后通过试验验证了此系统的稳定性,且该方法简单易于操作,测量结果精确直观。     

基于模糊PID的光刻机同步扫描控制

基于模糊PID控制理论,介绍了步进扫描光刻机中工件台同步扫描的控制方法,并简要介绍了相关的控制理论基础知识,详细阐述了模糊控制器的制作过程和模糊规则的制定方法。另外针对同步扫描控制的难点,简要介绍了步进扫描光刻机的同步扫描过程,而且建立了同步运动的执行器直线电机的仿真模型。采用模糊PID理论对同步扫描系统进行控制策略研究,仿真实验表明,硅片台稳态误差及掩膜台稳态误差能够快速衰减达到稳定状态,而同步误差的精度也能达到微米级别。这种方案具有较好的动态特性及鲁棒性,同步误差较小,有望满足高精度同步扫描的要求。     

实现图像感兴趣区域渐进编码的新方法——一种改进的嵌入式零树小波编码算法

在分析了Shapiro的嵌入式零树小波编码算法的基础上，针对其效率的不足提出了一种改进方法。本算法通过识别重要子带，而不是EZW中的重要系数，大大减少了需要编码的零树的数量，因而节省了时间。在此改进的基础上，结合坐标数据压缩算法实现了对图像感兴趣区域的渐进编码。该算法可在接收到图像的全部编码数据之前，首先实现感光趣区域的高品质重建，且编码效率也有明显提高。     

SNCP环带链的组网与维护

在实际传输网络结构中,有些站点由于条件限制不能与其它站点连接成环.过去采用通道保护(PP)环带链组网,环链网元间业务在环上没有保护;随着技术的发展,提出了子网连接保护(SNCP)环带链组网方式,确保环链网元间业务在环上得到保护,使网络的稳定性和可靠性大大提高.     

Smart Injectable Hydrogels for Cancer Immunotherapy

Hydrogels, a class of materials with a 3D network structure, are widely used in various fields especially in biomedicine. Injectable hydrogels could facilitate the encapsulation and controlled release of small molecular drugs, macromolecular therapeutics, and even cells. With the rapid development of cancer immunotherapy, such injectable hydrogels have attracted wide attention for local immunomodulation to boost systemic anticancer immune responses, realizing more effective immunotherapy at lower doses. The latest progresses in the development of various smart injectable hydrogels for cancer immunotherapy are summarized here. Although applied locally, such injectable hydrogels can activate systemic antitumor immune responses, safely and effectively inhibiting the tumor metastasis and recurrence. Moreover, it is discussed how injectable hydrogel‐based cancer immunotherapy would contribute to the development of next generation of cancer treatment together with their potential for clinical translation.