定向判别分析新算法及其在沉积化学中的应用

介绍了处理多元有序数据的定向判别分析新方法原理、建模流程、应用流程及其在沉积化学中的应用实例。这种判别分析将分类建模与判别归类分开,求解与专业知识结合。新方法用多组或逐步判别分析对多元有序数据建模,应用时根据应用领域的知识对样本归属作初步定向,然后选择模型的相关局部进行判别归类,从而实现有序判别。这种方法用于解决由于时间序列多元数据周期性造成的样本分类颠倒问题。在塔里木盆地沉积岩时间序列化学数据的应用实例中,解决了石油井下地层预测和归类问题。     

基于语义Web的开放本体导航工具设计与实现

语义Web是分布式环境下构建复杂系统的一种新兴技术。针对独立开发的本体存在语义不匹配和逻辑不一致等问题,利用一种具有偏好的、公理半序的、模块化的本体表示语言OSHOQP（D）,在开放本体需求分析的基础上,设计了基于语义Web技术的开放本体导航工具模型,使得本体能够并发地编辑和整合。系统由Wiki引擎、Agent、存储管理、本体管理器、导入／导出等模块构成。实现了基于语义Web技术的系统实验原型,为下一步研究开发较成熟的软件产品奠定了良好的基础。     

基于UML的本体建模研究

详细对比分析了OWL（Web Ontology Language）特性元素和UML特性元素及本体开发,在讨论OWL本体通过UML类图向面向对象语言转换方法的基础上,通过具体的示例进一步提出了一般多值域OWL属性本体建模的方法,并且说明使用该方法能够直观、清晰地进行本体建模,为下一步研究开发较成熟的软件产品奠定了良好的基础。     

基于规则的边缘连接算法在路面病害检测中的应用

本文提出了一种基于规则的边缘连接算法,此算法对通过边缘检测提取的病害边缘块进行启发式搜索,采用基于规则的方法计算边缘连接的可信度作为连接质量的度量。通过在江苏省高速公路路面病害自动检测系统中的应用,表明此方法有较高的连接效率,同时能有效地抑制噪声。     

Improved thermal conductivity of β-Si3N4 ceramics by lowering SiO2/Y2O3 ratio using YH2 as sintering additive

A two-step sintering process was conducted to produce β-Si₃N₄ ceramics with high thermal conductivity. During the first step, native SiO₂ was eliminated, and Y₂O₃ was in situ generated by a metal hydride reduction process, resulting in a high Y₂O₃/SiO₂ ratio. The substitution YH₂ for Y₂O₃ endow Si₃N₄ ceramics with an increase of 29% in thermal conductivity from 95.3 to 123 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹ after sintered at 1900°C for 12 hours despite an inferior sinterability. This was primarily attributed to the purified enlarged grains, devitrified grain boundary phase, and reduced lattice oxygen content in the YH₂-MgO-doped material.     

The sound absorption performance of the highly porous silica ceramics prepared using freeze casting method

Highly porous silica ceramics with unidirectional pores were prepared using the freeze casting method. By adjusting the solid content and freezing temperature, the porosity of the ceramics was tailored in the range of 78.20%-84.59% and pore size in the range of 8.4-71.4 μm, respectively. Sound absorption properties of porous silica ceramics was studied and the effect of structural factors was systematically investigated. The results showed that higher porosity and smaller pores of the porous ceramics favored the sound absorption in the entire sound wave frequency. By backing the sample with small pore size porous ceramics, the sound absorption property was enhanced, particularly in the low and medium frequency range, thus the sound absorption peak shifted towards lower frequency. The presence of air gap in the back would also favor sound absorption in low and medium frequency range. The as-fabricated porous silica ceramics owed excellent sound absorption properties due to their unidirectional pores and low flow resistances.     

New insight into the formation and oxygen barrier mechanism of carbonaceous oxide interlayer in a multicomponent carbide

Early transition metal carbides are considered to be superior candidate materials for oxidizing environments at temperatures exceeding 2000°C. Generally, the remarkable oxidation resistance is largely attributed to a carbonaceous oxide interlayer (eg, Hf–O–C, Zr–O–C, and Ta–O–C), located at the interface between the external oxide layer and internal carbide (eg, HfC, ZrC, and TaC), acting as the primary oxygen barrier. However, the oxygen barrier mechanism of the carbonaceous oxide interlayer remains unclear. Herein, through studying the oxidation behavior of a novel multicomponent carbide Hf_0.5Zr_0.3Ti_0.2C in oxidizing environments up to 2500°C, the oxygen barrier mechanism of the carbonaceous oxide was recently revealed. We found that the oxygen barrier resulted from the slow oxygen diffusion through the inner grains of Hf-Zr–Ti–O due to the presence of carbon formed at the grain boundaries because of the existence of compact external oxide layer, beneath which the Hf–Zr–Ti–O–C interlayer possesses much lower oxygen activity and temperature that allow carbon to exist stably. This as-formed carbon strongly retarded the fast diffusion of oxygen along the grain boundaries of oxides. Additionally, desirable synergisms of the designed multicomponent system, particularly, the outward short-circuit diffusion of Ti, lead to the self-healing of the external oxide layer, evidently enhancing integral protection performance against oxidizing environments.     

Polydimethylsiloxane/monomer casting nylon copolymers: Preparation,flame-retardant properties,and wear-resistant properties

In order to improve the toughness, wear resistance, and combustion properties of the monomer casting nylon (MC nylon) materials, the polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) segment is bonded to the nylon molecular chain by copolymerization. PDMS/MC nylon copolymers are prepared via in situ anionic polymerization with macro-activator based on PDMS terminated with hexamethylene diisocyanate. The effects of different macro-activator content on the mechanical properties, water absorption, thermal stability, friction and wear properties, and combustion properties of the copolymers are characterized. The results show that the impact strength of the copolymer improves significantly (optimally increases by 2.6 times) and the water absorption rate decreases with the increase of PDMS content. The introduction of the silicon–oxygen structure reduces the peak heat release rate of copolymer materials (optimally decreases about 28.7%), while it promotes the decomposition of the system, resulting in a slight decrease in the thermal stability of the materials. Adding 5 wt % PDMS can decrease the wear loss of MC nylon from 6.2 mg of pure nylon to 1.6 mg. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2020 , 137, 48753.     

Facile synthesis of a castor oil-based hyperbranched acrylate oligomer and its application in UV-curable coatings

Fabrication and performance of the castor oil (CO)-based hyperbranched acrylate (C20AA) UV-curable coatings are highlighted in this work. Herein, C20AA was obtained through a facile reaction of a castor oil-based hyperbranched polyol (C20) with acrylic acid. FT-IR and ¹H NMR spectra confirmed the synthesis of the target C20AA. Subsequently, the as-prepared C20AA was employed for crosslinking a commercialized linear polyurethane acrylate (PUA) UV-curable oligomer. Specifically, by varying the content of C20AA over the range of 0, 20, 40, and 60 wt%, a series of UV-curable coatings were prepared and coded as C20AA-0, C20AA-20, C20AA-40, and C20AA-60, respectively, which were further cured under UV irradiation. The effect of C20AA loadings on the UV-curing efficiency and final polymer performance were investigated. Consequently, the tensile strength, Shore D hardness, pencil hardness, gel content, water resistance, and glass-transition temperature of the UV-cured coatings were greatly improved upon the addition of C20AA. Impressively, with the incorporation of 40 wt% C20AA, the resultant UV-cured coating exhibited highest double bond conversion, superior chemical resistance, and good flexibility. Additionally, all of the coatings showed outstanding transparency and good surface microstructures.     

Improvement of polyamide/thermoplastic polyurethane blends with polyamide 6-polyurethane copolymer prepared via suspension polymerization as compatibilizer

The polyamide 6-polyurethane copolymer (PA6-b-PU-b-PA6) was synthesized through anionic suspension polymerization and then mixed with polyamide 6/thermoplastic polyurethane (PA6/TPU) and polyamide 6, 6/thermoplastic polyurethane (PA66/TPU) blends using as the compatibilizer. The results show that the PA6-b-PU-b-PA6 copolymers powders several can be obtained through suspension polymerization using dimethicone as disperse medium. The average diameter of PA6-b-PU-b-PA6 copolymer powders decreased with the increasing of PU content. With the addition of PA6-b-PU-b-PA6, the TPU phase dispersed more uniformly in PA6 or PA66 matrix, and the size of TPU dispersed phase decreased obviously. The PA6-b-PU-b-PA6 copolymer with higher PU content shows better compatibilizing effect. Addition of PA6-b-PU-b-PA6 can improve both strength and toughness of the PA/TPU blends. When the amount of PA6-PU25% copolymer was 5 phr, the tensile strength and notched impact strength of PA6/TPU/PA6-PU25% blends increased 29 and 159.4%, respectively, compared to the PA6/TPU blend without compatibilizer.